International Journal of Research and Engineering
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Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of oxyacids of phosphorus by benzimidazolium flurocharomate
No full textOxidation of some lower oxyacids of phosphorus by benzimidazolium flurochromate result in the formation of the corresponding oxyacids containing phosphorus in a higher oxidation state, via an intermediate complex formation
A Noval Interleaved Buck Converter With High Step-Down Conversion Ratio
No full textIn this paper, a novel transformerless interleaved high step-down conversion ratio dc–dc converter with low switch voltage stress is proposed. In this converter, two input capacitors are series-charged by the input voltage and parallel discharged by a new two-phase interleaved buck converter. Based on the capacitive voltage division, the main objective of the voltage-divider circuit in the converter is storing energy in the blocking capacitors for increasing the step-down conversion ratio. Voltage stress of active switches is also reduced. As a result, the proposed converter topology possesses the low switch voltage stress characteristic. This will allow one to choose lower voltage rating MOSFETs to reduce both switching and conduction losses. The overall efficiency is also consequently improved. To verify the performance of this topology, simulations are done using MATLAB or SIMULINK
Gesture Recognition Based Autonomous Moving Car
Get PDFGesture recognition means response to the change in spatial position of a object by the system being manipulated.There are two end the receiving one and the transmitting one.The Transmitting end having three-axis accelerometer interfaced with arduino nano ATMega328 board as input and a NRF24L01 as output.The Receiving end having NRF24L01 as input interfaced with arduino nano and two motors connected as output
Management of Power Out Rage towards maintaining cold-chain system for Vaccines (Case Study Of Kafin Hausa Local Government)
No full textControl of power failure is yet to be achieved in Nigeria despite the government efforts toward eliminating effect of power failure on vaccine. The aim of this research was to clearly show the effect of high temperature on vaccine potency. How to maintain vaccine potency during short and frequent power outrage. Types of vaccines and how they contribute on boosting human immunity. Temperature range of various vaccines and how to maintain their efficacy. The study employed a cross sectional research design was used in seeking the information pertaining the research and through the analysis of data collected from questionnaires. The research find out that most of the respondents agree that power failure has an implication on vaccines storage and few respondents does not agree, because 70% of respondents answer yes to the question while 30% answer N0.Similarly,the research find out that most of the facilities have been provided with standby source of power, which will serve as a penances to any power outrage from national grid. There were also a number of barriers such as operational cost, lack of knowledge and policies that hindered the smooth implementation power stability in Nigeria. The study concluded that there is a growing evidence for what works within power outrage and gaps in scale and sustainability at present. Ultimately, constant power supply can help in providing effective healthcare service delivery. The study recommended that Healthcare solution providers must therefore focus on developing products and services that are easy to use with or without electricity/power
Study on the behavior of blood in static magnetic field
Get PDFThe proposed work investigates the effects of static magnetic field on blood sample when exposed to non-uniform static magnetic field of 0.35 T. The curves have been plotted between wavelength and transmittance T% with the help of spectrophotometer. Three sets of curves are obtained viz. before placing in magnetic field, after placing in magnetic field of 0.35 T for 20 min and then after 20 min of removing the field. The change in nature of these curves shows that there is an effect of magnetic field on blood. The most probable reasons for these changes are magnetization of blood and increase in energy of blood due to the magnetic field. Thus it can be concluded that the exposure to the magnetic field caused the effect
Phytochemical, Nutritional and Non Nutritional Analysis of Stem Extraction of Three Medicinal Ipomoe Species (Ipomoea Aquatica, Ipomoea Nil and Ipomoea Terbinata) From Allapuzha District of Kerala, India
No full textIn this study the mature stems of Ipomoea aquatic(water spinach), Ipomoea nil and Ipomoea terbinata were investigated for their phytochemical constituents, quantitative, nutritional and anti-nutritional values. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids in the mature stems of the three species. Cardiac glycosides was present in I. nil but absent in I.aquatica and I. terbinata, free anthraquinone and combine anthraquinone was absent in I. nil but present in I.aquatica and I. terbinata. Nutrient composition revealed lipids: 1.4%, 1.2%, 3.1%, crude fibre: 28%, 30%,37%, crude protein: 14.0%, 7.0%, 8.0%, carbohydrate 60%, 57%, 40%, moisture content: 5.0%, 2.0%, 6.0%, ash content: 3.0%, 2.0%, 1.5%, sulphated ash: 0.7%, 0.5%, 1.0%,. Non nutrient composition, tannic acid: 0.004 mg/100g, 0.0004 mg/100g, 0.0005 mg/100g, oxalate: 0.12 mg/100g, 0.0021 mg/100g, 0.0009 mg/100g, cyanogenic glycoside: 0.002mg/100g, 0.0002 mg/100g, 0.0001 mg/100g for I. aquatic, I. nil and I.terbinata stems respectively were low. This result reveals that the mature stems contain an appreciable amount of nutrient and low level toxicants and could be included in diet to supplement our daily allowance needed by the body. It also indicates that the mature stem extract possess antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor, antiviral activities which explains its use in human medicine
An Efficient Snapshot Protocol for Mobile Computing Environment
No full textThe Number of hosts associated to the internet is growing at increasing speed & it is expected that increase in number of these devices will be wireless, hence mobile in nature. The devices may include laptop computers, digital cellular phones, PDAs & many other classes of devices. Due to mobility change between subnets will break any connections that were present in the previous subnet. These devices have reserve constraints in terms of limited bandwidth, limited & vulnerable MH Local storage, and frequent disconnection/connections. Limited power, cost to locate MHs. Hence it is highly recommended that for effect of mobility on snapshot intervals, movement based snapshot should be considered. This paper focuses on the design issues of such snapshot algorithm so that at the time of failure only failed processes rollback & restart from their respective latest snapshots ,independent of others, hence reducing the relocation & recovery cost
A Survey on Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Using Game Theory in Cognitive Radio Networks
Get PDFDue to the tremendous increase in wireless data traffic, a usable radio spectrum is quickly being depleted. Current Fixed Spectrum Allocation (FSA) strategy give rise to the problem of spectrum scarcity and underutilization. Cognitive Radio (CR) is proposed as a new wireless paradigm to overcome the spectrum underutilization problem. CR is a promising technology which for future wireless communications. CRs can change its operating parameters intelligently in real time to account for dynamic changes in a wireless environment. CR enables a technique called Dynamic Spectrum Allocation (DSA) where the users are able to access unlicensed bands opportunistically. Since idle spectrum from PU is a valuable commodity, many cognitive users will be competing for it simultaneously. Therefore, there arises competition among the users. Users may be only concerned about maximizing their own benefits by behaving rationally and selfishly. Thus spectrum allocation problem falls under NP-hard complex based on its complexity to solve. Out of several solution approaches, Game theory is found to be an efficient mathematical tool since it deals with solving the conflicts among the users. This survey is aimed at providing a comprehensive overview on dynamic spectrum allocation using game theory
Comparative Analysis of Implementation of SVPWM for Three phase Voltage Source Inverter in Linear and Over modulated regions
Get PDFIn this paper Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation for three phase voltage source is implemented both in Linear and Over-modulated regions. The maximum sinusoidal output is reached if the reference is equal to 1/√3Vdc, and the trajectory is a circle inscribed inside the hexagon which is called Linear Modulation range. If reference is more than this value, then it is called Over modulation range. In both the regions, SVPWM is implemented using MATLAB and results are compared
Kinetics and Correlation Analysis of Reactivity in the Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols by Benzimidazolium Dichromate
No full textKinetic and mechanistic studies of the secondary alcohol by benzimidazolium dichromate (BIDC), in dimethyl sulphoxide, were discussed with on emphasis on correlation of structure and reactivity. The product of the oxidation is the corresponding ketone. The reaction is first order with respect to BIDC, however, the dependence is of second order with respect to hydrogen ion. The Michaelis-Menten type kinetics was observed with respect to alcohol. The deuterium isotope effect for the oxidation of [2H] secondary alcohol (KH/KD=4.99 at 293k) indicated an O-H bond cleavage in the rate determining step. Based on the kinetic data, analyses of the solvent effect and results of structure-reactivity correlation along with some non-kinetic parameters suggested a mechanism involving rate- determining oxidative decomposition of an alcohol - BIDC complex via a cyclic transition state give a carbonation species through hydrride-ion transfer from the alcohol to the oxidant