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Electoral Reforms During the Pakatan Harapan Government
No full textElections are a vital aspect of a democratic political system. This is because the people will determine the ruling government through their votes in the election. In Malaysia, the election issue becomes a political issue that attracted the serious attention of various parties because they are unsatisfied with the election management. For example, the Coalition for Clean and Fair Elections 2.0 (BERSIH), Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and political parties often demand that the government pay attention to fair and clean elections. As a result, some changes were made in the voting process. For example, the use of permanent ink during voting. However, many reforms still need to be done in line with the recommendations of BERSIH and NGOs. The reform was given special attention after the formation of the new government, which is Pakatan Harapan, in May 2018. Thus, this article aims to analyze the electoral reforms under the Pakatan Harapan government (2018-2020). The analysis used qualitative methods, namely document analysis and interviews. This article argues that Pakatan Harapan focuses mainly on the electoral reform agenda. Among the things that the Pakatan Harapan government did immediately after forming the government was to appoint a Chairman of the Election Commission who was not a civil servant, propose an 18-year voting age in Parliament and establish a Special Committee for Reform of the Electoral Law and Systems. This shows that throughout the 22 months of Pakatan Harapan's rule, they are committed to electoral reform, which has had a positive impact on the democratic system in Malaysi
Takaful Business Model and Business Performance: A Comparative Evidence from the Global Takaful Industry
Get PDFAs a means for takaful operators to survive and sustain their business within the industry, they must appropriately choose takaful business models for their products. Different types of takaful business models will determine the different types of income for the business. Thus, this study aims to identify the most competitive takaful business model that relies on the takaful operators’ business performance. This study employed qualitative and quantitative methods on eight selected global takaful operators. The qualitative
method is employed through content analysis to identify the application of the Shariah contract and the respective standards. Meanwhile, the quantitative method analyzes each takaful operator’s business performance (profit-after-tax and the return on assets). The finding indicates that three out of eight operators
adopted the wakalah-mudarabah model, two operators with the wakalah model, two with the wakalah�waqf model, and one with the wakalah-qard model. The finding also highlights that Syarikat Takaful Malaysia Keluarga Bhd recorded the highest profit-after-tax average and the average of return on assets using a wakalah-qard model. This study betrays an exigent insight into the effect of takaful business model selection on business performance. As a practical implication to the takaful operators, they need to re�strategize their business model to boost revenue through an appropriate model. This study also provides a breakthrough to the body of knowledge. This paper bids its originality by narrowing down the segment of the takaful industry and focusing only on the family takaful segmen
Improving Integrity Halal Supplier in Food Supply Chain: Scoping Review
Get PDFEnsuring integrity in a halal supplier is important for maintaining the trust of consumers who seek halal products. Any compromise in the integrity of the supplier can lead to a loss of confidence in the halal status of their products. In this review will identify what the main key finding will increase integrity in supplier and the objective of this review is to produce a comprehensive mapping next future research and the main themes related to halal supplier in food supply chain. Method: A scoping review of the literature was conducted between 2018 and 2023 using the Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus databases to identify what is the nature of published scientific literature on this topic. A total of 13 journal articles were identified for a full review. Result: Five themes were found from the literature relevant to food supply chain integrity through halal supplier. The main themes include perceive value, transparency, technology, standard of procedure and supplier integration. The review indicates that most of the studies are conducted in understanding the supplier efficiency in supply chain. Conclusion: The emergence of findings regarding suppliers in the halal food supply chain will assist in the investigation of halal providers, while also providing significant insights for researchers and practitioners in their respective fields. Moreover, these reviews will be helpful in the supervision of suppliers in the halal food supply chain. This offers future research to more comprehensive research is required to further investigate the performance of halal supplier in food supply chain
Creating Memorable Tourism Experiences through Servicescape Design: a Proposed Model for Zoo Negara Malaysia
Get PDFThis paper explores how different dimensions that form the overall servicescape of Zoo Negara Malaysia impact visitors’ memorable tourism experiences (MTE). The servicescape concept, which describes the overall physical environment within a service setting that can be controlled by the organization, is adopted for the study. In other words, it is suggested that physical cues such as animal conditions, zoo layout, design and facilities may be used by zoo operators to create memorable tourism experiences. Aspects of MTE consist of knowledge, hedonism, meaningfulness, refreshment, local culture, novelty and involvement. A conceptual framework is proposed to investigate the relationship between zoo servicescapes and memorable tourism experience. It is expected that this study contributes towards existing academic research related to zoo tourism and provides insight into how zoo operators could design and manage their zoological facilities to increase visitor number
Exploring the Motivational Factors Influencing Youth Attendance at Badminton Matches
Get PDFSports play a significant place in Malaysian culture, serving as both a spectator and participant activity. Organized badminton events have the potential to enhance sport tourism revenue by drawing in both local and international fans keen to support their favourite teams. Understanding the motivations of specific market segments, particularly the youth, is vital for effective sports industry marketing. However, a lack of motivation among youth to attend badminton events can lead to diminished interest in these events. Consequently, this study aims to examine the factors influencing the motivation of youth to attend badminton matches in Malaysia. The study's sample comprises 341 students from UUM, selected through convenience sampling technique. The findings reveal that self-esteem is the foremost motivation for attending badminton matches (mean=4.31), followed by factors of group (mean=4.30), family (mean=4.17), entertainment (mean=4.08), escape (mean=3.98), eustress (mean=3.94), and aesthetics (mean=3.37). Furthermore, most respondents identify as badminton fans, indicating potential growth opportunities for the badminton industry. Understanding fan motivations can enable the industry to better meet their needs, thereby contributing to its expansion and success. This study underscores the importance of engaging youth in badminton events to foster sustained interest and participation in sports tourism initiative
An Expert Review of Ace English: A Gamified Mobile Application for English Learning
Get PDFGamification involves the use of game design elements and mechanics in non-game contexts, proved to increase user engagement and enhance their learning experience. It has emerged as an effective approach to promote engagement and motivation in various fields including education. Recently, the english language examination format for Sijil Peperiksaan Malaysia (SPM) and Pentaksiran Tingkatan Tiga (PT3) that examined on four skills which includes speaking, listening, reading and writing is considered tougher than previous format and it gives a significant impact and challenges towards the english language learning approach. The traditional teaching method has been adapted and aligned with Common European Framework Reference (CEFR). However, the effectiveness of formal teaching approach is arguable besides the digital transformation in teaching and learning method. The main aim of this study is to analyze a digital learning platform namely, an Ace English, a prototype of a gamified English learning mobile application (app) using expert review. An expert review has been conducted as an evaluation method in analysis of an Ace English design by a UX expert with the goal of identifying usability problems and strengths. The expert review was conducted with five experts to evaluate the Ace English in essential usability dimension which are content, design and function. Findings has shown that all the experts have positive experience on all the three dimensions. All five experts are agreed that Ace English has met the requirement for essential dimensions on design, content and its functionality. Suggestion for improvement and amendments have been made for the definitive better version of Ace English
The Modified Mean Absolute Deviation Integer Linear Programming Model for Global Portfolio Asset Allocation
Get PDFThis study develops a practical yet robust Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model for a global investment portfolio tailored to the constraints faced by Malaysian retail investors, such as transactional fees and foreign currency exchange spreads, to provide more accurate estimations of portfolio returns. The MAD ILP model is modified to address these factors, aiming to enhance utility and efficiency. The study utilizes a Maybank 12-month fixed deposit cash account and ten selected Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) from iShares, Vanguard, and State Street Global Advisors for global portfolio construction. Forecasting techniques were utilized to generate expected returns for the ETFs and foreign currency exchange spreads. Based on the MAD model proposed by Konno and Wijayanayake (2001), the study introduces three modifications: incorporating transaction cost elements specific to Malaysian investors, including foreign currency exchange spreads in return calculations, and transforming the model from mixed integer to pure integer model to accommodate minimum transaction lot constraint. Verification and validation exercises demonstrate the model’s ability to replicate real-world portfolio construction and reliable simulations. The model offers a practical tool for self ascribed investors aiming to optimize global investment portfolios while considering unique constraints and transaction cost
Multi-Class Multi-Level Classification of Mental Health Disorders Based on Textual Data from Social Media
Get PDFMental health disorders pose a significant global public health challenge. Social media data provides insights into these conditions.
Analysing text can help identify indications of mental health disorders through text-based analysis. However, despite the large
number of studies on the analysis of mental health disorders, the predominant algorithm in the existing literature is the Multi-Class
Single-Level (MCSL) classification algorithm, which is often used for simple classification tasks involving a limited number of classes.
Typically, these classes are binary, representing either an unhealthy or a healthy mental state. This paper uses English text data from Reddit to classify mental health disorders. The Multi-Class Multi-Level (MCML) classification algorithm was applied to perform detailed
classification and address the limitations of the research scope using several approaches, including machine learning, deep learning, and transfer learning approaches. Two different pre-processing scenarios were proposed to handle unstructured text data, one of the most challenging aspects of classifying text from social media. The results of the experiments show that the MCML classification algorithm successfully performs detailed classification and produces promising results for each classification level. The proposed pre-processing scenario influences the performance of each classifier and improves classification accuracy. The best accuracy results were obtained for the Robustly Optimised BERT Pre-training Approach (RoBERTa) classifier at level 1 and level 2 classifications, namely 0.98 and 0.85, respectively. Overall, the MCML classification algorithm is proven to be used as a benchmark for early detection of text-based mental health disorders