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PO23_Colonial Legacies, Clan Politics and Contested Federalism: Analysis of Governance Issues in Somalia
No full textSomalia’s governance structure results from three fundamental factors that include historical legacies combined with tribal clan systems and state building initiatives in the present day. Somalia gained independent in 1960 after colonial years yet civil war started in 1991. This study analyses Somalia’s governance issues as it looks a current limitation while exploring challenges of federalism from the source of the literature review. The findings emphasize the enduring weaknesses that originate from deep corruption, political instability, week rule of law, poor government effectiveness, and limited voice and accountability stemming from clan conflicts, federal disputes, and continuing influence from vested groups. The decentralized system of power through federalism struggles to achieve inclusive governance mainly due to competing ideological views, and constitutional ambiguous of power distribution along with dispute of resource sharing. The study suggest enhancing institutional reform and fiscal transparency measures and advocating political procedures that secure all participants. This study underscores multifaceted reforms to advance Somalia’s path toward sustainable governance and legitimacy
Financial Literacy, Infrastructural Facility and Financial Inclusion of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Owners in Nigeria
Full text linkMore than two billion micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME) owners worldwide lack access to financial accounts, while others have sporadic use of financial services. Previous efforts to address this issue primarily focused on financial institutions providing affordable banking products. This study examines the effect of financial literacy on financial inclusion as moderated by infrastructural facilities. The study encompasses 11,289 MSME owners in Ondo State, Nigeria, using exploratory research design. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that independent variables explain 76 percent changes in the dependent variable, with a standardized regression estimate (SRE) of 0.74, significant at 0.05. Additionally, the study finds that infrastructural facilities partially mediate the correlation between independent variables and dependent variable, with coefficient of 0.274, significant at p< 0.05. As a result, the study suggests the implementation of financial inclusion programs, including financial literacy initiatives integrated into school curricula and community programs, to enhance financial knowledge, experience, and awareness among MSME owners in the study areas. Furthermore, the study recommends infrastructural facilities such as mobile phones and mobile internet access to address specific financial inclusion challenge
