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Understanding Motivation Loss and Behavioral Disengagement of Tertiary Students in Flexible Learning: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective
Get PDFPurpose – Flexible learning is a delivery modality associated with positive outcomes, but its use at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with dark student experiences, such as poor interest and dishonesty among students. To understand how and why many tertiary students lost their motivation and became disengaged in pandemic-era flexible learning, this qualitative research was designed.
Methodology – A total of 27 tertiary students in five separate groups volunteered to be interviewed. A focus group discussion protocol was developed based on the propositions of Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and this protocol produced about eight hours of narrative data in audio form. The researcher performed thematic analysis to make sense of the transcriptions of the data, and the initial codes and themes were subjected to an external audit for purposes of methodological integrity.
Findings – Eight need-thwarting behaviors of key social agents emerged, such as instructors’ rigid and negligent behaviors, peers’
indifferent and selfish behaviors, and burdensome behaviors of people at home. These behaviors were tied to participants’ cognitive appraisals of psychological need frustration that emerged in eight themes, which comprised having problems balancing school and home obligations, believing that outputs were misevaluated, and feelings of disconnection from peers. These appraisals could be related to seven themes of motivation and engagement issues reported by participants, notably amotivation, poor concentration, low effort, and dishonesty.
Significance – The findings highlight the importance of addressing these need frustrations in order to improve tertiary students’ motivation and engagement in academic tasks delivered through flexible learning in higher education
The Application of Promise (Wa‘D) in Islamic Banking Contracts in Malaysia: A Maslahah Perspective
Get PDFThe concept of promise in Islamic banking contracts is a novel tool that has been introduced as a result of recent advancements. Wa’d has grown in popularity in recent years because it provides great flexibility. It was primarily developed by Malaysia’s Islamic banks for product structuring. However, there are issues arising from this principle, which is considered to be against Shariah and merely intended to preserve the bank’s interests, which is of course, contrary to Maqasid al-Shariah. The purpose of this study is to look into the significance of the promise concept in Islamic banking contracts, taking into account the maslahah and mafsadah principles recommended in Maqasid al- Shariah. The study uses a qualitative approach as it allows a more in-depth understanding of the subject matter. Data were gathered using published literature and information from the official website of Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM). A semi-structured interview was conducted with three Shariah experts from the Shariah Advisory Council of Bank Negara Malaysia (SACBNM) and two industry practitioners from Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) and Maybank Islamic Berhad (MIB). The data obtained was analysed using the content analysis approach. In sum, the examination of Islamic law sources and discussions with Islamic scholars revealed that the use of the principle of promise in Islamic banking transactions can benefit the micro and macro economy. The concept of promise in Islamic banking contracts can benefit both customers and Islamic banks, particularly in terms of
meeting consumer needs, generating profit for Islamic banks, as well as contributing to the country’s development (maqasid kulliyah)
Mutual fund performance in a bullish market during the covid-19 crisis
Get PDFActive funds vs passive funds represent one of the most prominent investment decisions that ought to be undertaken by investors over the decades. Our paper seeks to offer an insight into the average performance of equity mutual funds during the period when there were roughly 70 ‘all-time-highs’ recorded by S&P 500 amid the COVID-19 health crisis. Additionally, our paper aims to explore the robustness and persistence of the explanatory powers of Morningstar sustainability globes, ratings from agencies and growth tilt during the health crisis. Our results indicated that the benchmark indexes seemed to dominate mutual funds in most cases during our sampling period. The ratings from Morningstar and/or Lipper together with growth investing appeared to be ideal elements to contemplate when making investment decisions during the COVID-19 health crisis
Factors Influencing Students’ Cost of Living: Evidence from Malaysian Universities
Get PDFIt is widely evident that cost of living among university students are increasing over time. That said, little is understood about factors
associated with general expenses among students in Malaysian universities. The present study uses primary survey data (n = 454)
to examine the correlates of the total amount of money spent by students in a month. An ordered regression model was used to shed light on factors contributing to different magnitudes of expenses. The explanatory variables consisted of demographic factors, financial knowledge, parental income, peer influence, and personality trait of conscientiousness. Findings from the present study showed that a large proportion of students spent between Ringgit Malaysia (RM) 201 and RM400 per month. Young, male students tended to spend more than older, female students. Expenditure was higher among Chinese students than Malays. Educational levels and income were found to correspond to spending. Having good financial knowledge was associated with reduced expenditure. Students who were influenced by their peers were likely to indulge in high spending compared to those who were not. These findings have important implications for strategic planning and to assist policymakers, parents, and university authorities in formulating better intervention measures aimed at improving students’ spending behaviour, thereby lowering cost of living
The Relationship Among U-Constructs, Trust and Satisfaction: Evidence from Mobile Banking Users
Get PDFThe last few decades have witnessed a drastic change in the nature of commerce due to the development of ubiquitous computing technologies. E-commerce has evolved to an ultimate stage that is called u-commerce. This study seeks to provide an understanding of consumer satisfaction and trust in u-commerce characteristics. Thus, the research examined how u-constructs affect satisfaction and trust from the mobile banking perspective. Ubiquity, uniqueness, universality, and unison comprise the characteristic features represented as u-constructs. In this study, a total of 1012 samples were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results showed that characteristics of ubiquity and universality have positive effects on customer satisfaction, yet they do not have any effect on trust. It was also found that uniqueness and unison have positive effects on trust and that trust has a positive effect on satisfaction. This study contains some theoretical and practical implications for researchers and practitioners who are interested in u-commerce and improving customer satisfaction
The Small Claim Courts During Covid-19: Analysis of Indonesian Banks’ Claims on Bad Credit
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to discuss the suitability of small claim courts to solve bad credit claims that are filed by banks as an alternative to dispute contract defaults. The study analyses the trend of banks’ small claims during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study employed an empirical normative approach. It combines a normative legal approach and additional empirical elements in the form of cases and decisions. The results show that some of the regulations that were released before the pandemic, such as the Regulation of the Supreme Court Number 4 of 2019 on the Settlement of Small Claim Courts, provide benefits for banks to settle credit disputes because they allow various expansions. The Regulation of the Supreme Court Number 3 of 2018 on The Administration of Cases in Electronic Courts has introduced some electronic applications. Although business (bank) litigation remains dominant, the trend of bank claims in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic has dropped. In contrast, the trend of individual claims has increased significantly. The decline is influenced by countercyclical policies that are issued by the Financial System Stability Committee. The committee members consist of representatives of the Ministry of Finance, Bank Indonesia, the Financial Services Authority, and the Deposit Insurance Corporation. It aims to handle and cope with the banks’ crisis related to the pandemic
Social Media and Ethical Limitations to Malaysian Judiciary
Get PDFThe use of social media is widely accepted as an important tool to spread information easily and quickly. Judges must read and share opinions towards current and latest information using social media. As such, compliance with the adoption and exchange of information through the responsible use of social media for joint discussions is expected from judges and judicial members. The public confidence in the judicial system will diminish if the judges display improper online conduct. Therefore, the objective of this article is to identify the ethical limitation of the judges’ capacity in using social media for the maintenance of judicial integrity. By summarizing and reviewing the existing relevant framework, this article proposes a persistent and reasonable guideline on the use of social media for the judiciary following the growing risks posed by social media. Furthermore, judges and judicial officers might better exercise extreme care while requesting and accepting friend requests, including social media postings to avoid the manifestation of safety. Local judicial ethics advisory opinions are needed to prepare revised guidelines following the changing social media features
Kepentingan Sokongan Mempengaruhi Implimentasi Integrasi Teknologi Digital di Sekolah: Tinjauan Sistematik Literatur
Get PDFImplementasi integrasi teknologi digital dalam kalangan guru sekolah aliran perdana di negara Malaysia memerlukan usaha untuk dikaji secara sistematik berkenaan dengan topik berkaitan. Penglibatan murid dalam teknologi digital terutama melalui pembelajaran sama ada di dalam atau di luar bilik darjah memerlukan guru yang gigih dan positif menerima cabaran dalam perubahan pendidikan abad ke 21. Objektif kajian ini bertujuan menjalankan kajian literatur secara sistematik untuk (1) meninjau implementasi integrasi teknologi digital dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran. (2) Meneroka permasalahan yang dihadapi apabila melibatkan integrasi teknologi digital dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP). Pengkaji akan (3) merungkai pendekatan yang sesuai berkaitan dengan tindakan sokongan yang diperlukan untuk integrasi teknologi digital dalam PdP melalui tema yang akan dibentangkan. Pengkaji juga melaksanakan langkah-langkah metodologi utama, iaitu dipandu oleh protokol tinjauan, merumuskan soalan penyelidikan, strategi carian sistematik berdasarkan pengenalan, pemeriksaan dan kelayakan beberapa pangkalan data yang ditubuhkan seperti Scopus dan Google Scholar. Langkah langkah tersebut diikuti oleh penilaian kualiti, data pengeluaran dan analisis. Sebanyak enam tema telah ditemui berdasarkan tema analisis, iaitu (1) implementasi teknologi dalam PdP, (2) wujud pelbagai faktor kekangan integrasi teknologi, (3) guru memerlukan sokongan, iaitu, (4) sikap guru mempengaruhi Implementasi integrasi teknologi digital melalui pedagogi, (5) penggunaan platform digital dan (6) strategi. Guru memerlukan sokongan tatkala mereka menghadapi situasi sukar terutama melibatkan teknologi digital. Sokongan ini penting kepada guru untuk bersama dengan murid bagi meneroka laman sesawang atau mengguna pakai aplikasi digital yang dapat membantu mereka dalam proses PdP. Tanpa infrastruktur yang mencukupi dan sokongan bagi mewujudkan idea atau bimbingan kaedah yang baharu, maka guru lebih gemar untuk melaksanakan PdP secara konvensional. Hal demikian perlu diperhalusi agar murid tidak ketinggalan menggunakan teknologi. Perubahan diperlu agar aktiviti pembelajaran beralih daripada menggunakan pen dan kerta