Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training
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대졸 청년층의 직무 불일치 잠재유형 변화 분석
Get PDF40% 이상의 대졸자들이 직무와 교육(기술) 수준의 불일치를 경험하고 있으며, 전공과도 부합하지 않는다고 응답함.
2005년에 비해 2015년의 경우 과소교육 및 과소기술 관련 응답 비율이 각각 5.3%p, 4.6%p 높은 것으로 나타나 직무 수준이 자신의 교육(기술) 수준에 비해 높다고 느끼는 대졸 취업자들이 소폭 늘어난 것으로 나타남.
의약계열과 교육계열의 경우 2005년 대비 2015년에 ‘과소교육-전공 일치 집단’의 비중이 다른 계열보다 급증한 것으로 나타남.
고등교육의 책무성을 고려할 때 대학 졸업생의 직무 불일치를 줄여나갈 수 있도록 정부 및 대학 차원에서 재학생들을 위한 충분한 취업 정보 제공과 진로·취창업 프로그램 개발 및 운영이 요구됨.40% of college graduates say that they experience a mismatch between their jobs and their education or skill levels and that their jobs are irrelevant to their majors.
Between 2005 and 2015, the proportion of those who report an education or skill mismatch rose by 5.3%p and 4.6%p, respectively, showing a slight increase in the proportion of employed college graduates who feel that their education or skill levels are insufficient to perform their jobs properly.
In healthcare and education, such perceived mismatches rose far more significantly than in other fields between 2005 and 2015.
Given the important role that higher education plays, the government and universities need to address the issue by providing incumbent students with sufficient job information and running career, job, and startup programs
우리나라 고등학생의 학습동기와 학습전략, 학업성과
Get PDF우리나라 고등학생의 10명 중 9명이 자신의 꿈과 미래의 목표를 이루기 위해 공부하고 있음. 반면, 배우는 것 자체가 즐거워서 공부한다는 학생은 28.9%에 불과하며, 수치심, 자기과시와 같이 내면적인 압박이나 외적 보상·처벌 회피를 위해 공부하는 경우도 적지 않음.
특수목적고(과학고, 외국어고, 마이스터고) 학생들은 배우는 것이 즐거워서나 미래를 준비하기 위해서 공부한다는 학습동기가 일반고와 특성화고에 비해 두드러지게 높음.
배우는 것이 즐거워서, 또는 미래를 준비하기 위해서와 같이 자기결정력 수준이 높은 학습동기를 가진 고등학생일수록 단순한 암기전략보다는 초인지전략과 동화전략 같이 심층적인 학습전략을 더 많이 구사하며, 더 끈기 있게 공부하는 경향이 있음.
자기결정력 수준이 높은 학습동기를 지닌 고등학생은 그렇지 않은 학생에 비해 교과목에 대한 흥미도, 유능감, 호감도와 같은 비인지적 학업성과뿐만 아니라 내신 등급 또한 높게 나타남.90% of Korean high school students say that they study to achieve their dreams and future goals. However, only 28.9% enjoy their studies and a large number of students study to address their internal issues such as the desire for self-display, avoid external punishment like humiliation, or attain external compensation.
The proportion of students who say that they enjoy their studies or study to prepare themselves for the future is far higher at special-purpose high schools (science, foreign language, and meister high schools) than at regular and vocational high schools.
Such self-motivated high school kids have a greater tendency to adopt sophisticated strategies like meta-cognition and assimilation and to persist in their studies.
Compared to high school students who lack self-motivation, those who exhibit high levels of self-motivation score high in non-cognitive academic achievement criteria such as interest in school subjects, self-efficacy, and favorability, and their academic performance is better as well
대학생의 취업에 대한 인식과 취업률 제고를 위한 진로·취업 프로그램 요구사항
Get PDF대학생들이 현재 전공을 선택한 이유로는 학문적 흥미와 적성(58.8%)이 가장 높았고, 취업의 용이성(33.4%)도 적지 않은 것으로 나타나 대학생의 취업에 대한 인식은 고등학교에서부터 시작되고 있음을 알 수 있음.
졸업 후 진로에 대한 생각을 살펴보면, 응답자의 53.5%는 국내 취업을 생각하고 있으며 아직 진로를 정하지 못한 비율도 22.5%나 됨.
현재 취업 준비를 하는 데 있어 대학생들이 가지고 있는 가장 큰 고민은 하고자 하는 직업에서 요구하는 자격(스펙) 준비가 부족(27.6%)하다는 것임.
대학생들은 취업률 제고를 위한 효과적인 지원 방안으로 산학협력 프로그램 개설(39.6%)을 가장 많이 꼽았고, 그 다음으로 전공 관련 진로 프로그램(37.2%), 취업지원센터(경력개발센터 등) 서비스 확대(29.3%) 등을 요구함.A survey of college students finds that the biggest reason for choosing their current major was academic interest and aptitude (58.8%) followed by job prospects(33.4%), which suggests that many of them began thinking about employment when they were in high school.
When asked about their career plans after graduation, 53.5% of the respondents said they would seek employment in Korea, and as many as 22.5% said they didn’t have any concrete plans.
In their preparations for entering the job market, the largest concern was that they didn’t have sufficient qualifications required in their area of interest (27.6%).
As for effective employment support, the respondents demanded measures such as business-academia collaboration (39.6%), major-specific career programs (37.2%) and greater service by employment support centers including career development centers (29.3%)
Consumer-oriented Information Service Study of Specialized High School on Efficiency
Get PDFIn this study, we analyzed characteristics of specialized high school work, analysis of operational status of information service site related to specialized high school, and demand analysis of information service of specialized high school. We investigated the relationship between specialized high school work and information service and investigated improvement requirements. In addition, the users of information service were divided into middle school teachers and students, specialized high school teachers, students, and businessmen. Based on this, we propose a policy plan to efficiently provide information service
Credentialism in Korean Society and Post-NCS
Get PDFIn this study, we theoretically and empirically examined credentialism that was regarded as the direct cause of developing NCS(National Competency Standards) at the point of completing NCS developing, and sought the future development of NCS on such a basis.
For theoretical and empirical understanding of educational background problems, credentialism was used as a central tool for conceptual understanding. We defined credentialism as a continuously expanding social structure in which higher education exists as a means of competition and exclusion for acquisition of positional goods, and is used as a tool of signaling, selecting or excluding. In the social structure of economic development and socially scarcity, we described that, as a means of positional goods acquisition, the individual behavior is selected and based on this, that credential has been pursued and marketized, and the unintended social structure of credentialism has been formed.
Based on the previous research, we theoretically summarized credentialism, and presented its aspect based on the statistical data and the results of previous research. We examined the private expenditure proportion of higher education and the mismatch between skill and education in each country. And, of Korea, the supply of college graduates, wage gap by educational background and by firm size, and private education expenditure were examined. Through previous research, we examined the job structures of the companies and the utilization of credentialism and academic elitism in personnel management. We summarized the changes and the results of vocational education and of vocational training indicated by the introduction and utilization of NCS using the literature data, and examined the utilization of NCS in the personnel management by interview and FGI(focus group interview). Based on expert opinions and research results of each chapter, we summarized the conclusion of overcoming credentialism and the future development of NCS.
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Plans for Industry(ISC)-led Management and Operation of the Qualification System
Get PDFThe industry mentioned in this study refers to the Industry Skills Council(ISC) which represents businesses related with human resources development.
As rapid technological changes have brought about an increase in skills mismatch, there have been growing requests for ISC’ taking initiative in management and operation of qualifications in order to better reflect needs at fields into qualifications. Nevertheless, there has been scarcely a study carried out on which ISC is willing to take the leading role and how capable it is.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the level of ISC’s managing and operating competency required for an ISC-led qualification system and to make support plans to strengthen its competency, thereby laying the groundwork for an ISC-led management and operation system of national skills qualifications.
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Study on National Skills Outlook
Get PDFThe objective of this study in 2017 is to not only conduct a research on the ‘National Skill Forecast Survey’ and the ‘KRIVET National Skill Forecasting Model’ but also present detail outlook results. This research is the 8th year project of the 10-year plan. Based on the results of the 2016 survey and the 2017 survey, which had been modified for improvement from the analysis of the survey results of employers from 2012 to 2015, we would like to collate basic information on demand for skillsets in depth. In conclusion, the key to the 2017 study is to investigate the current skill distribution more precisely and to predict any changes in the future skill distribution.
First, the current skill distribution has been identified as a basic vocational skill that is crucial in the real practice through the survey of existing employers. Next, in order to identify any potential changes in future skill distribution, we performed a real-time Delphi survey in this study. The real-time Delphi survey which evaluates the importance of basic occupational skills important to the future has the merit of extracting and synthesizing opinions and judgments of experts (personnel and labor representatives) by presenting the average value or response status of the respondents as a whole, and drawing collective consensus.
Furthermore, the FGI survey on the outlook results using the real-time Delphi survey was conducted. The key is to draw reliable forecast results. Therefore, the FGI survey was also conducted as part of the review process to confirm the reliability or robustness of the outcome of this study. The FGI survey was carried out for the first time this year, and it helped exploring demands for skilled workers in both the current and the future periods as well as any specific, exemplary cases.
Finally, the results of the real-time Delphi survey on the basic occupational skills that are believed to be vital in the future were compared to the FGI survey and AHP survey. Through this process, we will both review the outcome of the prospect and present the result of our qualitative analysis of the phenomenon, cause, and problem of skill mismatch.
Particularly, through a comprehensive review of the results of various research methods (real-time Delphi, AHP, and FGI) on demand for then skilled labour, this study will present a more realistic skill outlook result by summarizing and analyzing the information of the current skilled and future skilled manpower. Using the combined data of the National Skill Forecast Survey collected from the service industry in 2016 and the manufacturing industry in 2017, the following forecasts for the future demand for skills are prepared.
To summarize KRIVET national skill forecast results, Korean firms believe that 'Problem Solving Skill (or referred to as PSS in this paper)’ is the most important ability and predict it to remain so in the next 10 years. Yet, they also have identified the PSS as the skill that needs the most improvement. The PSS is particulary deemed as important by the companies as it is considered as the core job competency required to perform tasks.
Therefore, companies or governments may need select specific skills such as the PSS as the priority targets of their skills development programs. Additionally, occupational ethics and interpersonal skills such as ‘work ethics’, ‘community ethics’, and ‘teamwork skills’ have been recognized as important skills both now and in the future.
This study is meaningful in a way that the forecast result confirms the necessary skillsets that will require political/administrative intervention in the future. However, the result from the National Skill Forecast was deduced and presented for the first time this year, requiring reviews on a various level in the future in order to increase its reliability and the possibility of its adoption as a policy.
The results of this study will provide empirical data on future changes in skills in Korea a decade later. We may expect that this will then serve as the basic data for the policy to solve any structural discrepancy in supply and demand of skilled labour, review employment rate, and decrease youth unemployment rate
A Study on the School System Reorganization of Meister High School
Get PDFThis study aimed to propose the school system reorganization plan for strengthening education competitiveness of Meister high school in response to the demands of the labor market and changes in industrial society.
For this research aim, the main research contents were set as follows. First, we discussed about the backgrounds of the school system reorganization needs of Meister high school, and explored the direction for concrete implementation. Second, we developed the draft of school system reorganization plan of Meister high school and analyzed the perceptions and needs about the draft plan. Third, we drew the final plan for school system reorganization of Meister high school and proposed supporting policy. For this, this study used qualitative and quantitative methodology including literature review, questionnaire survey, focus group interview
직급 정보를 활용하여 ‘차이’와 ‘차별’로 나누어 본 성별 임금격차
Get PDF남녀 간의 임금격차는 경력이 쌓이거나 승진을 통해서도 해소되지 않으며, 더 나아가 ‘차별’로 인한 임금격차 역시 줄어들지 않음.
직급별 남녀 임금에 대한 분석 결과, 남녀 임금의 격차는 직급의 변화에 따라 U자형을 나타냄. 사원에서 부장까지 직급이 높아질수록 시간당 임금격차는 3,750원 → 1,320원 → 730원 → 3,690원으로 간극이 좁혀졌다가 다시 벌어지는 형태를 보임.
남녀 임금격차 중 ‘차별’로 판정할 수 있는 부분 역시 직급의 변화에 따라 U자형을 띰. 사원에서 부장까지 직급이 높아질수록 남녀 임금격차 중 ‘차별’로 판정할 수 있는 부분이 3,100원 → 660원 → 차별 없음 → 2,960원으로 간격이 좁아졌다가 다시 넓어지는 형태를 띠고 있음.The wage gap between men and women is not bridged even with promotions and an increase in years of experience, and the gap caused by discrimination has not been addressed, either.
An analysis of the wage gap between sexes by job position exhibits a U-shaped pattern. As workers move up the corporate ladder, the hourly wage gap becomes smaller at first but it eventually goes back to the initial degree (KRW 3,750 → KRW 1,320 → KRW 730 → KRW 3,690).
The share of the gap which is attributable to discrimination also shows a U-shaped pattern. The figure drops at first but becomes higher as people get promoted (KRW 3,100 → KRW 660 → No discrimination → KRW 2,960
[이슈 분석] 일학습병행은 경력개발에 효과적인가?
No full textI. 문제의 제기
II. 경력개발과 일학습병행
1. 경력개발
2. 일학습병행에서의 경력개발의 가능성과 한계
III. 일학습병행이 경력개발에 미치는 영향
1. 자료 수집 및 분석 방법
2. 분석 결과
IV. 논의 및 결