Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training
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전문기술인력 양성 및 활용의 선진화 방안
No full text○ 전문대학을 비롯한 전문기술인력 양성기관에서의 최신 지식·기술 교육의 중요성이 증대하고 있으나, 인력의 양적·질적 수급 불일치 심화가 전망되어 낮은 취업률, 하향 취업, 청년실업 등 청년 고용 악화 초래 우려
○ 현장 및 취업중심의 교육운영을 통한 전문기술인력의 양성·활용의 효율성 제고를 위한 전문대학 교육 선진화 기본방향을 제시
- 학령인구 감소 대비 및 전문대학 교육의 질적 수준 향상
- 현장성 극대화를 통한 취업 역량 강화
- 시장기제의 원활한 작동 조건 구비
○ 전문대학 교육 선진화 핵심 전략
- 고등직업교육 규모 적정화를 위해 사립학교 법인 해산 및 잔여재산 귀속의 원활한 추진을 위한 관련 법령 신속 개정
- 현장 중심의 교육과정 운영을 위해 산업계 기술수요에 기반한 교육 프로그램 개발·운영
- 전문대학 교원 규정 개정으로 산업계 경력자 교수 채용 확대
- 산업계 기술수요와 전문대학 교육과정간의 일치도를 인증하는 전문대학교육프로그램 인증평가제 실시
- 교육과정 평가·인증을 통한 산업기사 자격 부여
- 재직근로자 선행학습 결과에 관한 평가·인정을 통한 전문대학 수업연한의 탄력적 운영 및 다양한 학기제 운영(9월 학기, 계절학기, 주말학기 등)
- 전문대학 교육 수요 상세 정보 시스템 구축 및 상시 운영
Ⅰ. 서론
1. 전문기술인력 양성·활용의 정책적 중요성
2. 전문기술인력 양성기관으로서의 전문대학의 위상
Ⅱ. 전문대학 교육의 주요 문제
1. 전반적 과잉 공급
2. 전문대학 교육 결과의 노동시장 인정·활용 저조
3. 전문대학 교육의 질적 수준 미흡
4. 성인대학의 교육 기회 저조
5. 전문대학의 정체성 모호
Ⅲ. 전문대학 교육 선진화 기본방향
1. 학령인구 감소 대비 및 전문대학 교육의 질적 수준 향상
2. 현장성 극대화를 통한 취업 역량 강화
3. 시장기제의 원활한 작동조건 구비
Ⅳ. 전문대학 교육 선진화 핵심전략
1. 핵심 추진전략
2. 세부 추진과
고령자 노동시장의 특징과 시사점
No full text○ 인구 고령화의 급속한 진전은 생산가능인구(15~64세)의 감소, 경제활동인구의 고령화로 이어지는 가운데, 이러한 노동력 규모의 변화는 향후 잠재성장률을 둔화시킬 것으로 전망 됨.
- 이에 본 고에서는 변화하고 있는 고령자 노동시장의 특징을 살펴보고 시사점을 도출하고자 함.
○ 고령자 노동시장의 특징은 다음과 같이 요약 됨.
- 중고령자 경제활동인구가 증가하고 있고 고령자의 임금근로자화 추세가 나타남.
- 기업 내 고령화가 가속화 되고 있음.
- 베이비붐 세대의 은퇴로 고령자 숙련 기술의 단절 우려가 있음.
- 고령 근로자의 재취업 및 경제활동 참여 의욕은 매우 클 것으로 조사
- 고령층의 직업능력개발 참여율 저조
○ 노동력 감소를 막기 위해서는 고령층의 고용률 제고를 위한 고용안정 정책의 중장기적 대책 마련이 시급
- 정년 및 은퇴연령을 연장함으로써 생애 고용기간을 연장하는 것이 가장 근본적인 해결책임.
- 중고령층의 고학력화와 빠르게 변화하고 있는 직종 변화를 반영한 새로운 일자리 발굴과 직업능력개발 프로그램 개발이 필요
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 고령자 노동시장의 특징
1. 고령자의 절반가량이 일을 하고 있으며 그 중 절반이 임금근로자
2. 고령자 숙련 기술 단절 우려
3. 재취업과 경제활동에 대한 의욕이 매우 큼
4. 중고령자 직업능력개발 참여율 저조
Ⅲ. 시사
Education and Labor Market Linkage and Outcome(III)
No full text본 연구는 2009~2011년의 3개년 시리즈 연구로서 교육과 노동시장의 효율적인 연계란 무엇인지를 정의하고, 이를 토대로 연계가 교육과 노동시장에 장ㆍ단기적으로 어떠한 성과를 나타내고 있는지를 분석하기 위한 목적하에 수행되었다. 나아가 연구 결과를 근거로 교육 및 노동정책에 대한 함의를 모색하기 위해 시도되었다.
구체적으로 2009년도 연구는 다양한 교육정책과 환경변화하에서 (주로 대학교육을 중심으로) 교육투자가 어떻게 이루어졌는가와 이러한 교육투자가 생애직업경로에서 어떠한 노동시장 성과를 발현하였는가를 주요 분석 주제로 다루었고, 2010년도 연구가 교육과 노동시장 간에 연계와 연계체제, 매개(연계)장치 등을 규정하고, 이를 근거로 관련 세부 연구 영역을 찾아내어 교육-노동시장의 각 연계장치가 노동시장에서 장ㆍ단기적으로 어떠한 성과를 나타내었는지를 주요 분석 주제로 다루었다면, 올해의 2011년도 연구는 교육-노동시장 연계 과정에서 발생하는 불일치ㆍ불평등의 문제를 장ㆍ단기적인 시각에서 분석하여 교육과 노동시장 간에 효과적인 연계체제를 갖출 수 있는 정책 대안을 제시하기 위한 목적하에 수행되었다.This research is part of the three-year study from 2009 to 2011. The research was conducted with the objective of defining what efficient linkage between education and the labor market is and based on this, analyzing what achievement this linkage makes in education and the labor market in the short and long term. Exploring the implications for education and labor policies will be possible based on the research results.
More specifically, in the 2009 study, the main analysis topics were how the investment in education was made in the face of various changes in education policies and the environment and what kind of labor market achievements such education investment made in the lifetime career path. In 2010, the study defined the linkage between education and the labor market, the linkage system and linkage mechanism. Based on this, the main analysis topics of the research were to find out related specific research areas and what each linkage mechanism between education and the labor market achieved in the labor market in the short and long term. This year, the 2011 study was conducted with the objective of presenting policy alternatives to establish an effective linkage system between education and the labor market by analyzing the issues of mismatch and inequality occurring in the process of linking education and the labor market from the short-and long-term perspectives. In particular, given that this year is the last year of the three-year study, the first, second and third researches are put together, and with the research outcomes, the policy alternatives that help the linkage system between education and the labor market systematically work are presented. Specific research results of each item are as follows.
Mismatch between major and skill sets and the short-and long-term labor market achievements
In this chapter, the level of college graduates' skills at the time of graduation, the content of skills and the gap according to majors, and the difference in the labor market compensation for the gap in skills and the mismatch.
First, our analysis results found that the effectiveness in terms of the objective of college education equipping students with major knowledge has worsened and the effect has decreased even more in building core capacities, such as general major knowledge and mathematical skills, and fostering basic job skills. In particular, the recent cohort showed the level of skill cultivation was more serious. Second, as the mismatch between major and skills differs according to majors, the decline in the level of absolute skill building is a more serious problem than the relative mismatch between major and skills. In addition, for more recent college graduate cohorts, the value existence period of major knowledge and skills acquired at college is evaluated for too short. Therefore, the qualitative value issue of college education in terms of human capital accumulation was extremely serious. Third, according to the results of the estimated wage effects at the time of taking a job, the enumerated data of the skill level dummy do not have significance in estimation by major as well as comprehensive skill level and skill indicators by sub-component. This is attributed to new hire recruitment practices, depending on educational background and colleges, and the package policy for the same wage. Fourth, according to the result of the estimated wage effect by the current job, the enumerated data of the skill level dummy, excluding the 1982 class cohort, has a significant level of approximately 3.5%. This means that high skill levels at the time of college graduation is translated into the wage effect during a certain period of time and as the time being in the labor market becomes longer, the effect disappears.
Given the above, the effectiveness and qualitative value of college education in terms of human capital accumulation should be approached seriously. While inefficient distribution of resources and the generalization of higher education should be considered in terms of policy, the solutions should be immediately prepared. Universities should come up with or implement something other than basic education programs, or make additional investments in building core competency and basic job skills. Companies should try to recruit as many people as possible by the concepts of knowledge, competency and ability accumulated through education, training and experience. In this case, as universities send an active signal to companies and companies to higher education institutions, the win-win linkage structure between education and the labor market will be further strengthened.
Determining factor of the major-job mismatch and the wage effects
In this chapter, the major-job situation for college graduates in Korea using subjective indexes on the major-job mismatch was analyzed and the factors affecting the major-job mismatch and the wage penalty effect caused by this mismatch were empirically analyzed.
First, the analysis results found that about 30% of Korean college graduates thought there is a mismatch between their college majors and jobs. There was no big difference in the major-job mismatch between men and women. For majors, the percentage and probability of the major-job mismatch were higher in graduates from departments of humanities and natural sciences. The lower the economic level of households is, the bigger the major-job mismatch is. It is difficult to argue that as the length of employment increases or work experience are accumulated the major-job mismatch becomes mitigated. Second, according to analysis results, the estimated wage effects of the major-job mismatch was about 8.2% for men and 9.0% for women (if different characteristics of individuals are controlled, it would be 5.5% for men and 7.5% for women), not significantly higher compared to foreign analysis results. Third, although the major-job mismatch was resolved with increasing work experience, the wage penalty of the mismatch did not decrease. However, for men, as their employment term in one company increased, the wage penalty did decrease, though slightly.
With the above results, policy implications to mitigate the major-job mismatch are as follows. First, sufficient information about majors should be provided for the underprivileged before they go to university. In addition to career guidance programs targeting the poor to help them choose majors and universities, employment services focusing on the entry into the labor market after university graduation should be developed. Second, to increase the major-job match, it is important to make choices about universities and majors in high school but it is also important to increase learning ability in university. In other words, improving the education environment helping university students immersing themselves in studying can contribute to the major-job match. Third, it is imperative to further enhance training courses or reeducation programs to reduce disadvantages from the major-job mismatch as the employment term or work experience increases. Fourth, from the perspective of the major-job mismatch, it is inevitable to restructure university majors and to reduce the number of university students.
Reality of downward employment and short-and long-term labor market achievements
In this chapter, the scale and characteristics of downward employment and the short-and long-term labor market achievements of downward employment were analyzed. In particular, the trend analyses were carried out from the mid-and long term perspectives focusing on whether downward employment is a temporary phenomenon occurring in the process of finding the right job and moving toward upward employment in the lifetime career path or whether it is a trap difficult to come out of once falling into it.
First, while the proportion of downward employment changes within the 20% range, for more recent college graduate cohorts, the proportion has steadily increased. Whether at the time of the current job or the then job, the proportion has not changed significantly even when changing jobs. In particular, the proportion of downward employment and the service year at work has a positive relationship. Given these results, the mismatch between education and the labor market, determined by downward employment and the recent phenomenon of more people getting higher education, has become more severe. Second, the downward employment trend analysis using the Markov transition probability matrix found that among those who take a job that requires less qualification they have, for six out of ten, downward employment became permanent even though they got another job. According to graduate cohorts, the more recent generation has harder times overcoming the downward employment impasse. Third, wage levels of downward employment at the time of taking a job after graduation was 96.0%, not significantly lower compared to those who have the right jobs. But as work experience is accumulated, the wage gap widens. Even for those who were in downward employment at the time of entering the labor market after graduation, the wage gap was significantly resolved when they got out of downward employment in the process of changing jobs. The estimation results using the wage function found that the wage gap caused by downward employment was insignificant at the first job but by the current job, the wage gap was significant. Fourth, the results of estimated downward employment escape probability found that educational and labor market characteristics as well as individual characteristics do not make much impact on escaping from downward employment for college graduate cohorts of the classes of 1982, 1992 and 2002 falling into downward employment in the process of entering the labor market.
Therefore, individuals should create career information to choose type of occupation and companies by considering their aptitude development potential after fully understanding information on companies. Companies should make efforts to resolve downward employment by improving working conditions and the government should come up with policies to resolve the fixation of downward employment from the mid-and long-term perspective rather than a short-term perspective when preparing policies to address the education-labor market mismatch. In doing so, the focus of government policy directions (particularly regarding young adults) should move from addressing unemployment to improving employment.
Changes in university rankings and wage gap
In this chapter, the analysis was carried out focusing on the wage premium of Korea's top three universities, so-called 'SKY' universities, (Seoul National University, Korea University and Yonsei University) and the relationship between university rankings and wage premium of universities were analyzed by generalizing the discussion.
First, the premium of being a graduate from a prestigious university did exist when not considering the score of the university entrance exam. Also, the wage difference according to the rankings of the average scores of universities existed among all universities including the top three universities. Second, the premium by universities significantly differs according to graduating classes, which can be partly explained by the university entrance rate and students'''' choice of college and major. Third, the wage gap caused by universities is discrimination at least partially. For example, if there is a big wage gap among colleges even after taking into account admission scores, there is no doubt about discrimination. Fourth, the discrimination against universities does not consistently exist and the discrimination is getting resolved in the case of those who took the multiple-choice only college entrance exam, proving in the graduating class of 1992. If the labor market's evaluation is completely trusted, it can be interpreted that the scholastic aptitude test better assessed productivity after university graduation compared to the multiple-choice only college entrance exam.
Currently, the younger generation spend so much time studying foreign languages and getting certificates to send a better signal in the face of the unemployment crisis. However, unless this kind of study is a "good" signal reflecting productivity it will greatly contribute to wasting national resources. Eliminating discrimination can raise efficiency and fairness at the same time. There would be no excellent solution to the recruitment process that can stop the unproductive ranking competition but for the smooth linkage between education and the labor market, continuously exploring such recruitment process and practices is the most important task for us living the current time.
Short-and long-term labor market achievements for graduates from local universities
In this chapter, to find out whether there exist discrimination in the labor market achievements between graduates from universities in the capital area and graduates from local universities, an empirical analysis was carried out considering econometric strictness.
Even if the income premium is strictly defined, the income discrimination against graduates from local universities is serious compared to graduates from universities in the capital areas and for those who graduate from university more recently, the gap gets wider. When using the instrumental variable of graduating from high school whether in Incheon or in the Gyonggi Province, the income premium ranged from 15% to 20%. This analysis result means that if people who had similar ability before entering university graduate from university in Seoul get higher income compared to those who graduate from local universities. The key conclusion of this chapter is that the reason graduates from university in Seoul receive higher income is not the difference in the human composition but the causal relationship between two variables.
In order to reduce the discrimination between universities in the capital area and local universities, the policy direction should be focused on how to improve the productivity of graduates from local universities. Considering increasing investment in education, enhancing the peer group effect by attracting excellent students and lack of social capital, other methods such as implementing affirmative action during the recruiting season can be taken into account.
Gender difference in the linkage between education and the labor market
In this chapter, statistics indicators regarding the school-labor market movement process are organized and these indicators are divided into the stage of attendance at school and movement preparation, stage of moving from school to the labor market and the stage of completed linkage between education and the labor market to compare and analyze gender differences.
First, regarding the indicator of the stage of attendance at school and movement preparation, female students choose more various majors compared to the past but still they prefer the teaching profession and avoid natural sciences and engineering. Also, women have less preference for the manufacturing, information and technology and business services areas, which is highly related to the engineering area, than men. Second, looking into the macroscopic background behind the stage of moving from school to the labor market, as the number of female employees among the younger college graduates has increased over the last ten years, the gap in the employment rate or in the unemployment rate has significantly decreased, but the employment rate for female college graduates was still lower than their counterpart. Third, the employment rate for women is lower than men when getting a first job moving from school to the labor market but once women are employed, they hold jobs with relatively higher job security. Fourth, the match between major and occupation differs mainly by major and there is no big difference between men and women. Female students whose majors are education and humanities have lower employment possibility but once they are employed they are highly likely to work in the occupation that matches major.
Based on these study results, the implications of policies for young female workers with college education are as follows. First, to encourage female students at the middle school stage to choose engineering majors, eliminating discrimination in the labor market and redefining the gender role at the social level are necessary. Second, by releasing the employment rates for gender and major, the diversification of the major choices for female students should be encouraged. Third, to narrow the widening gap in the employment rate at the movement stage, more efforts to eliminate recruitment discrimination should be made. Fourth, the issue of the linkage between education and the labor market should be approached from the long-term perspective considering macroscopic variables, such as changing the job structure or restructuring the major system rather than be approached from microscopic or short-term perspective.
Policy measures for the smooth linkage between education and the labor market
In this chapter, the first, second and third studies are synthesized and based on that result, policy measures helping the linkage system between education and the labor market work properly are put forward.
Regarding policy suggestions for the efficient linkage between education and the labor market, suggestions are made from the education policy perspective and the labor market perspective.
First of all, regarding the smooth linkage between education and the labor market from the education perspective, policy measures were divided into the stages of input, process and output, which is the typical policy analysis model, and were discussed in terms of the quality control of each stage, fairness of education opportunities, responsiveness of education programs and the effectiveness of education results. In particular, specific measures were presented by themes of policy measure for university- industry and company-government. First, as for universities, regarding student-related policy measures, admission evaluations based on students'''' ability, offering equal education opportunities for the underprivileged, cultivating basic job competency, building major competency with an emphasis on work experience, customized education program design and learning, and the inclusion of employment competency development results in student evaluations, were put forward. Also, regarding education and school-related policy measures, securing faculty with sufficient work experience, designing and managing education courses focusing on the field and employment, organizing and running task force teams consisting of professors from companies, and linking employment guidance and information systems were presented. Second, regarding companies and industries, participating in making, implementing and evaluating education plans, and evaluating and acknowledging education programs were presented as detailed measures. Third, regarding the government, building and supporting infrastructures sponsored by government, providing human resources, managing employment information systems, and giving qualification through evaluation certification of education courses were presented.
Meanwhile, Policy measures for the smooth linkage between education and the labor market from the labor market perspective are as follows: ① a linkage system between education and the labor market ② information on education and the labor market ③ the industry''''s participating in skill development courses ④ management of human resources in the labor market ⑤ mutual implementation by schools and the labor market.
The empirical analyses of this study are to understand the reality of education and the labor market in the retrospective terms based on research information on building human resources and taking advantage of the labor market since the 1980s. This kind of data can have limitation in explaining the high entrance rate of higher education since the 2000s and the reality of youth unemployment. But this study is believed to be very useful in catching future-oriented mid-and long-term dynamic trends. That is because past policies implemented by separating education from the labor market were focused on fostering uniform skills in the imitative production pattern, but in recent years, interdependent factors of education and the labor markets are emerging as core factors of policies.
The mid-and long- dynamic relationship that has changed depending on education and the labor market has become an important factor in finding policy means. Therefore, although the empirical analysis of this study are based on retrospective data, it can provide very significant findings for policy suggestions about future education and the labor market.요 약
제1장 서 론 1
제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 3
1. 연구의 필요성 3
2. 연구 목적 5
제2절 연구의 방향 및 내용 7
제3절 데이터의 구성 13
1. 분석 자료 구성 13
2. 실태조사: ‘교육-노동시장 생애경로조사’15
Research on Knowledge Technology Entrepreneurship for Youth
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to suggest a recipe for knowledge and technology start-ups that youth, such as college students and graduate school students, can directly take part in. To this end, this denouement is regarded as one of the means to break through the serious crisis of youth unemployment amidst the ongoing global economic recession.
This research was intended not only to suggest an alternative solution to the present problem of youth unemployment, but also to establish a proposal for the training and cultivating of creative and innovative start-ups that will emerge at the forefront of a 'Creative Economy' focused on knowledge and technology. To this end, the following matters were analyzed. ..
Analysis on Lifelong VET for the Minority Group as a Strategy to Achieve Social Cohesion
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to, through the analysis of the effects of lifelong VET on social cohesion, establish policies for lifelong vocational education and training(VET) for the disadvantaged. To this end, we identified the relationship between lifelong VET and social cohesion through theoretical discussions; thereafter, we selected social cohesion indicators with which to analyze the effects of lifelong VET for disadvantaged groups on social cohesion, and to forge proper VET policies. While the term "disadvantaged" is a very inclusive one, we focused on four such groups: the working poor, the disabled, North Korean defectors, and married immigrants. In addition, a survey of ordinary people was also conducted in ordre to compare their level of social cohesion to that of the disadvantaged groups.
This study concluded that the following relationship exists between lifelong VET and social cohesion. Lifelong VET develops human and social capital, which in turn leads to economic and non-economic achievements. In particular, we assumed that larger economic and non-economic achievements would result in higher levels of social cohesion. ..
Measures to Facilitate Employment Information Service for the Aged
Get PDFThis study diagnoses and analyzes the participation status of older workers and the current status and problems associated with employment support services. Moreover, an attempt is made, through the survey and analysis of the use of support services as a means to expand the utilization of the aging workforce, to draw up a comprehensive plan to strengthen employment support services.
In order to reach objective and reasonable research results, this study makes use of research methods that include a review of the relevant literature, field interviews, experts consultations, and surveys
고령화 시대의 이슈와 정책 과제
Get PDF○ 급격한 출산율 저하와 기대 수명의 연장으로 우리나라의 인구 고령화는 세계에서 유례를 찾을 수 없을 정도로 빠르게 진행
- 2000년에 고령화 사회로 진입한 이후, 불과 26년 만인 2026년에 초고령 사회로 진입할 것으로 예상
○ 본 고에서는 인구 고령화에 따른 사회·경제적 전반의 충격을 최소화하기 위해 인구 고령화가 1)거시 경제, 2)교육, 3)노인 의료 및 주거, 4)국가 재정과 연금 부문 및 5)고령자 및 고령자 경제활동에 대한 인식에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 부문별 이슈를 정리하고, 시사점 및 정책 제언을 도출하고자 함
○ 본 고에서 도출한 부문별 시사점 및 정책 제언은 다음과 같음
- 경제활동 참가율과 생산성 제고를 위한 정책적 노력이 필요
특히, 고학력 여성의 노동시장 참여 촉진 정책이 필요
- 출산율 제고를 위해 영유아 교육ㆍ보육 부문에 대한 재정 증대 필요
- 고등교육기관의 기능 확대 및 평생학습기관의 직업재교육 기능 강화
- 여성의 출산 장려, 경제활동 제고 및 가정 내 부양 서비스를 위해 가족구성원 간/가족과 사회 간 역할 재분담 필요
- 저부담-고급여 구조의 연금 재구조화
- 새로운 인력 정책과 인사관리 패러다임으로의 전환
Ⅰ. 문제 제기
Ⅱ. 인구 고령화 시대의 부문별 이슈
1. 인구 고령화와 거시 경제
2. 인구 고령화와 교육
3. 인구 고령화와 노인 의료·주거 문제
4. 인구 고령화와 재정과 연금
5. 인구고령화와 고령자 및 고령자의 경제 활동에 대한 인식
Ⅲ. 시사점 및 정책 과
A Survey on Doctoral Degree Holders(2011)
No full text본 사업은 국내 대학의 신규 박사 학위 취득자에 대한 장기간에 걸친 전수조사를 통해 박사의 양성-배분-활용에 대한 신뢰성 있고 시의적절한 통계 데이터를 생성하여, 국가 고급 인재 정책 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 함.요 약
제1장 서 론 1
제1절 사업의 필요성 및 목적 3
제2절 사업의 주요 내용 9
제2장 국내 외 박사 조사 사례 19
제1절 한국직업능력개발원의 기존 박사 조사 21
제2절 KISTEP 이공계 인력 실태 조사 31
제3절 국외 조사 사례 34
제4절 박사 조사(2011)와 타 조사와의 차별점 37
제3장 실사 및 DB 구축 39
제1절 조사 설계 41
제2절 조사 준비 및 실사 45
제3절 데이터 클리닝 및 DB 구축 53
제4장 웹 설문조사 시스템 및 2차년도 조사 준비 67
제1절 웹 설문조사 시스템 69
제2절 2차년도 조사 준비 80
제5장 향후 추진 과제 83
참고문헌 89
부 록 91
1. 박사 조사(2011)에 대한 협조 공문 93
2. 2011년도 박사 조사 시행 계획(안) 95
3. 박사 조사(2011) 설문지 99
4. 변수 레이아웃 107
5. 기초 분석 113
6. 웹 설문조사 시스템 화면 16
Building Circulation of Industry-Academia Partnership Education System for Vocational College
No full text본 연구의 목적은 이러한 필요성과 정당성에 기초하여 전문대학 산학협력교육의 실태와 문제점을 정밀 진단하고, 순환형 산학협력교육을 위한 체제구축 및 운영지원 방안을 모색하는 데 있었다. 구체적인 연구 목적을 제시하면 다음과 같다.
전문대학에서 순환형 산학협력교육이 어떠한 의미와 유형을 가질 수 있는가를 파악하고자 하였다.
전문대학에서 산학협력교육의 운영 현황과 정책적？법적 지원정책 및 학기제 현장실습 운영사례를 분석하여 산학협력교육의 문제점을 진단하고자 하였다.
주요국 고등직업교육기관에서 산학협력교육의 운영제도 실태와 관련법 및 지원 제도, 산학협력교육 운영사례를 통해, 우리 전문대학 산학협력 교육체제 구축과 강화 방안에 주는 시사점은 무엇인가 파악하고자 하였다.
전문대학에서 산학협력교육 운영실태 및 순환형 산학협력 교육체제 구축 및 개선에 대한 인식 및 요구조사 분석과 관련 산업체에 대한 의견조사를 통하여 산학협력교육의 문제점, 요구점, 개선점 등을 파악하고자 하였다.
전문대학에서 순환형 산학협력 교육체제 구축 및 운영지원 방안을 제시하고자 하였다.1. Research outline
As the turn of the 20th century colleges have been continuously going through their existence and identity crisis as an educative role facing the change of national and international educational environment: the lack of new undergraduate resources by the rapid decrease in the school age population; the problem of the restructuring by quantitative expansion of higher education institutes; the predictions of the decrease in demand for the intermediate level of technical manpower and the further manpower demand and supply by the radical change of knowledge-based industry and the world of work; the lacking in building education systems differentiated from universities; the lacking in coping with educational environment globalized.
The colleges have introduced internships and individualized instruction programs for the development of high skilled manpower with specialties and on-site experiences suited to the rapid changing industrial environment and the labor market characteristics, but they are the only micro, single-use college-industry cooperation.
It needs to inspect on problems of college-industry cooperation and to investigate the industrial field-oriented training and internship programs tied with employers' organization and association and to analyze their operating systems of the college-industry cooperation of a type of circulative term system, and to make the construction of a more efficient system and the supporting and reforming schemes form legal, institutional, and financial aspects.
The research methods conducted review of literatures, a field interview survey, experts group meetings, and research on the actual condition to draw objective, valid conclusions.
2. Comprehension on the Circulative Education for the College-Industry Cooperation
The circulative education system for the college-industry cooperation is accounted a method and measure to links steadily on-site practice-focused education and Training with actual theory-focused school education.
Operation of the circulative education system for the college-industry cooperation means that heory-focused school education in colleges and on-site practice-focused training education in industries strengthen linkage with credits, and make various term systems or degree courses linked with Industry possible.
The circulative education system for the college-industry cooperation must approach as education based on the level-differentiated and step-by-step instructions to change into flexible consumer-directed curriculum for realization of the effective college-industry cooperation.
3. An analysis on operation status and supporting policies, and case study of the college-industry cooperation
Through the field survey of operation status of the college-industry cooperation and results of case study on major colleges' operation the study found out the following implication.
First, when colleges steadily differentiate college-industry cooperation education from the circulative education system for the college-industry cooperation they can raise their competitiveness in terms of vocational and specialized education.
Financial support as regards on-site practical training of colleges from the government need to be secured and to be instituted incentive for professors and exclusive members participating in the college-industry cooperation
Second, it needs to enact regulations to support the building of the college-industry cooperation system to make effect on-site practice-focused training education in partnership with a college and an industry.
Third, colleges must grasp the demands of industries more accurately than college-led cooperation.
Forth, it needs to systematize operation process of the college-industry cooperation education in cooperation with a college and an industry, and prioritize mutual exchange of consent and providing information and exclusive members on closer college-industry collaboration.
Fifth, it needs to enhance the number and field of the most preferred industries to reflect students' different needs and to strengthen on-board training and nature education, regarding to participated industries, for students participating, and to expand scholarships support to motivate them.
Sixth, it needs to invigorate incentive at the governmental level to industries operating the college-industry cooperation education program for circulative employment system, and build the education center in charge exclusively, and to establish various Supporting System College-Industry Cooperation industry.
4. An analysis on operation status of the college-industry cooperation education in major countries
The survey on operation of the college-industry cooperation education of German and Sweden resulted in the following implications.
First, it is found out to match up a dualized college degree with university degree university degree by grafting onto common reformation process of Bologna College in Europe.
Second, it needs to fill the need for capability of vocational education of industries by improving qualification of the graduates finished this course based on plans of educational policy organization by expanding a dualized college system.
Third, it needs to develop ties with highly-vocational education and training programs in industries, education and training for employees, and for Consumer-directed vocational education and training programs.
5. A survey analysis on reformation and requirement for operation of the circulative education system for the college-industry cooperation
Reformation and requirement for operation of college-industry cooperation education from the circulative education and opinion survey for construction of its system result in the significant following implications.
First, the government and industries supporting colleges and educational policies need to build an aggressive supporting system to strengthen college-industry cooperation education college education is theory-focused, and management and administration of curriculums through credits to develop on-site practical skills must drastically reform to provide long term on-site practice-based education in the type of practical training semester system or the internship program in an industry.
Second, the government needs to construct newly or align financial supporting systems regarding to supplement legal supporting systems of industrial-focused training for the development and improvement of manpower to participate in college-industry cooperation education.
Third, participation of industries to strengthen the circulative education system for the college-industry cooperation is an absolute necessity. It needs systemic complement to inspire the requested or voluntarily participation in development of manpower.
6. Research Result
The study results in the followings.
First, policies for the building of the circulative education system for the college-industry cooperation offer establishment of infrastructure, ties and reorganization within the government departments for the college-industry cooperation education supporting project, revision of the relevant law for the college-industry cooperation education, introduction of certificate system of a college of quality based on the circulative education for the college-industry cooperation, establishment of a participant authentication system, establishment of a system for assessing the circulative education for the college-industry cooperation, operation of term system for field training by interrelated department and department, establishment of circulative field training system according to college, establishment and operation of field training supporting center or team, Sector Council according to industry, issue of field training certificate according to industry.
Second, The study offers various operating policies. The policies to support operating the circulative education system for the college-industry cooperation offer enhancement of financial supporting of a college and an industry of quality based on circulative education for the college-industry cooperation, enhancement of incentives for students and staff participating in circulative education for the college-industry cooperation, development and distribution of standard manual of circulative education for the ollege-industry cooperation, support for the person in exclusive charge of field training in Industry.
Although the policies offered in the study include short-term policies, most of them establish long-term plans and require to be carried out through college-industry connection step by step. Therefore, attention and support of the government and interested parties are needed for the building of the circulative education system for the college-industry cooperation.제1장 서 론 1
제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 3
제2절 연구 내용 7
제3절 연구 방법 9
제2장 순환형 산학협력교육에 대한 이해 15
제1절 산학협력에 대한 선행연구 검토 17
제2절 순환형 산학협력교육에 대한 접근 인식 32
제3절 종합 시사점 39
제3장 산학협력교육 지원정책과 운영사례 분석 41
제1절 산학협력교육 관련법 및 지원정책 분석 43
제2절 산학협력교육 운영사례 분석 63
제3절 종합 시사점 128
제4장 주요국 산학협력교육 운영실태 분석 139
제1절 독일 순환형 산학협력교육 운영실태 분석 141
제2절 스웨덴 순환형 산학협력교육 운영실태 분석 170
제3절 종합 시사점 192
제5장 순환형 산학협력교육 운영에 대한 개선 및 요구조사 분석 199
제1절 산학협력교육 운영 현황과 문제점 201
제2절 순환형 산학협력 교육체제 구축에 대한 개선 및 요구점 245
제3절 산업체 산학협력교육 참여 사례 조사 267
제4절 종합 시사점 283
제6장 순환형 산학협력 교육체제 구축 방안 291
제1절 순환형 산학협력 교육체제 구축을 위한 기본 방향 293
제2절 순환형 산학협력 교육체제 구축 및 운영지원 방안 297
제3절 추진 주체별 정책 방안 311
제4절 결론 및 제언 312
SUMMARY 317
참고문헌 325
부 록 331
1. 전문대학에서 순환형 산학협력교육 운영실태 및 의견조사 333
2. 산업체 산학협력교육 참여 실태 조사 34
Patent Analysis in the Study of Future Skills Needs: With Focus on Green Technology in Steel Industry
No full text본 연구는 미래숙련수요에 대한 직무전문가, 기술전문가의 질적 분석과 함께 특허분석을 통한 양적 분석을 보완적으로 사용함으로써 미래숙련수요 분석방법 발전을 꾀한다, 숙련(skills)을 지식, 기능을 포괄하는 직무능력으로 정의하고, 국제특허분류(IPC; International Patent Classification) 코드를 지식(knowledge), 기능(dexterity)의 대리변수로 간주함으로써, 기술별 IPC 코드 분석을 통해 양적인 미래숙련수요 분석을 수행할 수 있음을 보인다. 분석 사례는 철강산업의 녹색화에 관련된 생산방식 변화, 제품구성의 변화, 탄소배출의 포집 저장 등에 대한 기술이다. 관련 미국특허의 IPC subclass 코드 분포에 대하여 허핀달-허쉬만 지수(Herfindahl-Hirschman Index) 등을 통해, 철강산업의 녹색기술영역이 철강산업 일반보다 직무 집중도의 감소, 직무의 다양성의 증가가 나타남을 보인다.This study attempts to develope the analytic methodology for future skills needs by using a quantitative approach through patent analysis with the qualitative method. It brings out the quantitative analysis on future skills needs through IPC(International Patent Classification) code analysis per technology, by defining Skills as a job ability that covers knowledge & dexterity, and regarding IPC code as proxy variables of knowledge and dexterity. Analysis target includes the technologies of production method change, product composition change and CO2 gas capture and storage for energy saving in relation with the greening of steel industry. For IPC subclass code distribution of USPTO patent related to these technologies, this study is to present the increase of job diversification and decrease of job concentration in the green technology areas of steel industry compared to general steel industry through Herfindahl-Hirschman index