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APPC Minutes – February 18, 2025
No full textMinutes of the Academic Policy and Program Committee Meeting, February 18, 2025
APPC Minutes – April 1, 2025
No full textMinutes of the Academic Policy and Program Committee Meeting, April 1, 2025
El Penacho de Moctezuma or Kopilli Ketzalli?: A Study of Colonialism & Featherwork
Full text linkThis paper focuses on an object with many titles: Moctezuma’s Headdress, El Penacho or Kopilli Ketzalli. These names, in English, Spanish and Nahuatl, perfectly highlight the way colonialism has affected the discourse around it. The piece was initially taken during the Spanish conquest of Mexico in the early 16th century and shipped to Vienna, where it has remained ever since. Through analysis of historical sources and modern discussions, I will address how this object has been treated poorly throughout history, from the initial seizure, to its time in storage where it was improperly researched and labeled, the many conservations it has endured, as well as the current discussions around repatriation and proper respect of this historically relevant piece. Ultimately, this paper argues that Kopilli Ketzalli is not a static artifact, but a living symbol of cultural identity, which has been improperly handled and researched for centuries
Defying Conscription: The Social, Political, and Military Consequences of Draft Evasion in the Union and Confederacy
Full text linkThis research paper examines draft evasion during the American Civil War as a reflection of deep social, economic, and political divides within the Union and Confederacy. It argues that draft resistance stemmed not from individual cowardice but structural inequalities and resentment among the poor and working class. Wealthy citizens could evade service through legal mechanisms like commutation fees, fueling the perception of the war as a “rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight.”
Drawing on primary and secondary sources from scholars like David Williams and Stephanie McCurry, the paper analyzes events such as the New York City Draft Riots and the Richmond Bread Riot, emphasizing how economic hardship, family obligations, and distrust in government contributed to desertion and resistance. It also explores how race, ethnicity, and regional identity heightened class tensions, particularly among Irish immigrants in the North and non-slaveholding whites in the South.
Ultimately, the paper contends that draft evasion revealed the contradictions within Civil War society, exposing the limits of national unity and conflicts over citizenship, class justice, and political legitimacy. By highlighting the experiences of those who resisted conscription, this study enhances our understanding of the Civil War as a struggle not only on the battlefield but within American society itself
Long-Run Peer Effects and Promotion: Evidence from 70-Plus Years of Career Records in Japan
No full textArai and Nakazawa estimate long-term peer effects in the workplace by investigating whether working with a future executive makes junior employees more likely to be promoted. Using data on career history at the Japanese central administration from 1946 to 2019, we find that long-term peer effects are substantial and persistent—junior employees who work with a future executive during the first 5 years of their employment are more likely to be promoted to top executive than employees who do not. The empirical results are consistent with the mechanisms of increased human capital, the formation of social connections, and a reduction in information asymmetry
From the League of Nations to Pearl Harbor: Measuring Isolationism in the Interwar Period 1918-1939
Full text linkThe complicated and contradictory task of balancing the isolationist foreign policy backed by public-opinion and political pressures, while remaining influential and involvement in international affairs, is best exemplified in the early years of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s presidency. In his first few months in office, Roosevelt positioned himself as an internationalist and moved to expand American influence overseas. In 1933, Roosevelt recognized the Soviet Union and pushed for arms embargos on aggressor nations. In 1934, Roosevelt passed the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act to boost international trade. In 1935, Roosevelt pushed for the US to join the World Court to extend American reach in foreign diplomacy. In August of the same year, Roosevelt approved the first of the Neutrality Acts. His statement on neutrality read: “I have given my approval to S. J. Resolution 173—the neutrality legislation which passed the Congress last week. I have approved this Joint Resolution because it was intended as an expression of the fixed desire of the Government and the people of the United States to avoid any action which might involve us in war.” It is this desire of the American public and its politicians for non-intervention, non-involvement, and isolation that led Roosevelt to reluctantly to push neutrality legislation and suppress his internationalist urges. The interwar period was marked by the tug-of-war between internationalist and isolationist policymakers. This struggle limited American participation in foreign affairs in between the wars, and ultimately led to American foreign policy of the period commonly being misidentified as isolationist
Incarcerated Adolescence: Historical Archaeology and Finding Teenagers in the Japanese American Concentration Camp
Full text linkThrough looking at the teenagers of the Granada Relocation Center, commonly called Amache, this research posits a unique framework to understanding and searching for teenagers in the past. This uses a combination of historical sources and oral histories in order to outline what materials to search for. This research also uses an emotional approach, titled an archaeology of the heart to understand and work alongside descendants to properly understand the nuance of the forced relocation of 110,000 Japanese Americans through World War II. By combining these different elements, this research shows the ways that teenagers were constructing and reconstructing a social life meant to emulate the world around them that they were removed from. This social sphere that teenagers existed in was a result of many different factors, such as the nuanced interactions of parents, fellow teenagers, the historical context they existed within, and the physical space around them, leading them to have a unique experience that defined their childhood years and their memories of World War II
