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Evidence for Electron Energization Accompanying Spontaneous Formation of Ion Acceleration Regions in Expanding Plasmas
Get PDFWe report experiments conducted in an expanding argon plasma generated in the inductive mode of a helicon source in the Hot hELIcon eXperiment–Large Experiment on Instabilities and Anisotropies facility. As the neutral gas pressure increases, the supersonic ion acceleration weakens. Increasing neutral pressure also alters the radial profile of electron temperature, density, and plasma potential upstream of the plasma expansion region. Langmuir probe measurements of the electron energy probability function (EEPF) show that heating of electrons at the plasma edge by RF fields diminishes with increasing gas pressure, yielding a plasma with a centrally peaked electron temperature, and flat potential profiles at higher neutral pressures. For neutral pressures at which ion acceleration regions develop in the expanding plasma plume, EEPFs reveal electrons with two temperature components
Contextual Support of Environmental Protection
Get PDFEnvironmental regulation is often viewed as conflicting with economic needs. This paper examines under what personal and contextual economic conditions individuals support increased environmental protection efforts. Data from the 2017 World Values Survey is analyzed to determine the probability that an individual will prioritize environmental protection over economic growth at varying levels of household income with a comparison between the context of an economically secure country and an economically insecure country. The results indicate that, across all income levels, individuals in economically secure countries are more likely to prioritize the environment than those in economically insecure countries. In a comparison of individuals within economically secure countries, the results do not support a change in an individual\u27s likelihood of prioritizing environmental protection based on household income level
With Malice Towards None : The Springfield, Illinois Race Riot of 1908
Get PDFOn Saturday, March 4th, 1865, a tall man with dark, tussled hair and a beard, dressed in a large great coat with top hat removed, stood on the portico of the Capitol Building in Washington, D.C., addressing the large crowd that had gathered to hear him speak. These civilians crowded near to the balcony, not only to hear the speaker but also to fend off the cold, leftover from the rain of the preceding weeks. After briefly discussing the issues of civil war and slavery, he appealed to the Almighty for assistance and closed with these now familiar lines: With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation\u27s wounds... to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and all nations. In 1908, forty-three years later, Lincoln would have been pleased that North and South had reconciled one another, re-fused the weakened bonds of Union, and taken the meaning of his speech to heart. However, not all was well in the state of Illinois. In Springfield, the birthplace of emancipation, shouts of Lincoln freed you, now we\u27ll show you where you belong, rang throughout the streets in the summer air, clearly demonstrating that with malice toward none and charity for all, applied only to those who belonged to Lincoln\u27s race
Moses in Retirement : Andrew Johnson, 1869-1876
Get PDFOn March 4, 1869, a tailor from Greeneville, Tennessee, who began his political life as an alderman and then mayor of Greeneville, who served in both houses of the State Legislature and both Houses of Congress, who served as the Governor of Tennessee and later the wartime Governor of Tennessee, who was elected to the vice-presidency of the United States, and, by the bullet of an assassin, made President of the United States, gave his Farewell Address. A few days later, he slunk out of Washington, D.C., and began his long journey home. Henry H. Ingersoll wrote to Johnson on March 8, 1869, advising him of the fact that, upon his return to Greeneville, it is our design to make the occasion of your return a welcome by the people ... as free as possible from all partisan allusions. Though Andrew Johnson was, in fact, given a cordial welcome and was received with immense cheerings of the people, no one knew exactly what the former president was going to do now that he was again a private citizen unincumbered [sic] by office. Johnson himself remained quietly under his own vine and fig tree, saying alternatively that he was now at home again, his public career had ended, but also averring that he will labor to relieve his fellow citizens of the bonds now upon them. By choosing the latter route, Johnson opted to remain active in politics, running for a seat in the United States Senate in 1869, running to become Congressman-at-large for Tennessee in 1872, and running for a seat in the United States Senate in 1874-1875. The question with which historians and political observers have grappled with for years concerns the motivations of Andrew Johnson. Why did he choose to return to political life? Was vindication, as many authors have proposed, the only motive for Johnson\u27s re-entry into political life? Andrew Johnson, in life and in death, remains an exceedingly complicated figure, whose motivations for running for political office are far more complex and numerous than the simple desire for justification
Episode 04: The Lasting Impact of First-Year Seminars with Professors Darren Glass and Kathy Cain
No full textIn Episode 4 of Conversations Beneath the Cupola, podcast host, Gettysburg College President Robert W. Iuliano, is joined by four members of the Gettysburg College community—Director of First-Year Seminars and Alumni Prof. of Mathematics Darren Glass, Psychology Prof. Kathy Cain, and first-year students Katherine Schmitz ’23 and Demaro Ricketts ’23. Each guest highlights the innovative nature, purpose, and lasting impact of the College’s First-Year Seminar program through their unique lens.
Iuliano begins the podcast by asking Glass to discuss the history of First-Year Seminars at Gettysburg College. The program has gone through several iterations over the years, but Glass explains that its current form is designed to empower faculty members to pursue First-Year Seminar topics that align with both their own personal and professional interests, and the interests of students. Seminar topics include everything from video games as culture and the philosophy of monsters, to Italian food, but at their core, Glass says that each class provides students with the fundamental knowledge and skills they need to thrive at Gettysburg College.
Continuing the conversation on First-Year Seminars, Cain shares the personal experience that led her to develop her seminar, which explores immigration, identity, and development through a philosophical perspective. More so, she chose the topic of immigration and identity because it encourages students to be open minded, engage in conversation, and find common ground with their peers who might have different opinions and political views than they do.
Later in the episode, Schmitz and Ricketts, who both took Cain’s course in the fall, share with Iuliano what drew them toward selecting this particular First-Year Seminar. Further reflecting on their First-Year Seminar experience, Schmitz and Ricketts discuss their biggest takeaways, which include developing a close-knit community with their peers, finding their voice in the classroom, and learning from difference. Their final thoughts are advice to the upcoming class of first-year students.
The episode concludes with an anecdotal “Slice of Life” told through the president’s perspective. Iuliano briefly talks about the annual Support Staff Dinner that the College held in January, which celebrated the many quiet contributions to the campus that make everything we do here possible
The Power of a Voice
Get PDF**Trigger warning: sexual assault
I was a freshman in college and I became a ‘juvenile victim’. I became an article online and the talk of a bored group of people thinking of how crazy life is. I became comments on Facebook and I became comments in a courtroom. In all that I became, I was nameless, faceless, voiceless. That was what got to me most. I was voiceless in the process as much as I was when he stood over me, and all I could ask was, when did my voice stop mattering? [excerpt
Similarities Between Insect Swarms and Isothermal Globular Clusters
Get PDFPrevious work has suggested that disordered swarms of flying insects can be well modeled as self-gravitating systems, as long as the “gravitational” interaction is adaptive. Motivated by this work, we compare the predictions of the classic, mean-field King model for isothermal globular clusters to observations of insect swarms. Detailed numerical simulations of regular and adaptive gravity allow us to expose the features of the swarms\u27 density and velocity profiles that are due to long-range interactions and are captured by the King model phenomenology, and those that are due to adaptivity and short-range repulsion. Our results provide further support for adaptive gravity as a model for swarms
Much Ado About Muffins
No full textIn celebration of National Library Week 2020, Musselman Library held its seventh annual Edible Book Festival, which was held virtually due to the campus closure. Library staff, faculty, and students created many book-inspired treats to share with the campus community via social media. Entrants were awarded prizes in the categories of best look, punniest, best use of limited quarantine supplies, and best in show. The above creation is by Klara Shives.https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/edible/1104/thumbnail.jp
Illusions of Grandeurs: Washingtonian Architecture as Seen by White and Black People of the Early Nineteenth Century
Get PDFIn the early nineteenth century, George Washington and Thomas Jefferson built a classically inspired capital designed to legitimize American republican ideals. White interpretations of the architecture gradually aligned more with the founders’ intentions, especially following its reconstruction after the 1814 conflagration. Enslaved and free black observers recognized their exclusion from the message of freedom and equality. Rather than finding their identity through federal buildings, they established their communities within churches, houses, and businesses owned by black people. The varied reactions to Washington’s and Jefferson’s designs demonstrated how the aesthetic idealization of republicanism revealed incongruities in the new capital
The Great Wave: Margaret Thatcher, The Neo-liberal Age, and the Transformation of Modern Britain
Get PDFMargaret Thatcher was Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1979-1990. During this period she implemented policies that profoundly changed British society, politics, and its economy through neoliberal policies. This work seeks to analyze those policies and its impact on Great Britain. From Thatcher’s economic policies of neoliberalism, social policies toward the unemployed, and her foreign policy of national reinvigoration, this work seeks to provide a panoramic analysis of Thatcher’s premiership and its long term impact on Britain.This work will also seek to argue that Thatcher and her policies were both revolutionary in their thinking and contributed to realigning British political thought. It is because of this these profound changes that these policies were so controversial as it shaped the modern political debate within Great Britain as this work seeks to demonstrate. This work will also argue further that Thatcher’s policies and their impact are still being felt today in Britain and and will likely continue to do so due to the sheer transformative nature of those policies this work will analyze