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The History and Development of the Hopelessness Depression Theory
Get PDFThe hopelessness theory of depression, mainly contributed by Martin Seligman, theorizes that the cause of depression is due to a belief that one has no control over the outcomes of their life, leaving them hopeless. “Learned helplessness” or “hopelessness” is a key phenomenon that helped Martin Seligman develop the theory of hopelessness depression. The current literature review traces the history of learned helplessness, from the first findings of evidence of the phenomenon to the development of the hopelessness depression theory
A Study of Groupthink and Multiple Advocacy in Presidential Foreign Policy Fiascos
Get PDFAs “the sole organ of the federal government in the field of international relations,” Presidents have almost exclusively presided over foreign policy. Modern Presidents, spanning from Eisenhower, Kennedy, Ford, Carter, and Reagan, have readily encountered foreign policy crises, with varying degrees of success. Why do some President fail while others triumph? It comes down to an assortment of factors: organizational structure, multiple advocacy, and groupthink. Organizational structure affects how information is disseminated and decisions are made. Multiple advocacy brings out all important interests during deliberations. Groupthink paralyzes deliberations by causing conformity, cohesion, and replaces critical thinking with irrationality. These frameworks provide a reference for past and future cases of foreign policy crises. Therefore, drawing upon these frameworks, I will investigate the decision-making processes of the aforementioned five Presidents and the corresponding crises and conclude how decisions were made. Finally, I will consider contemporary Presidents–Trump and Biden–to install nuance into the discussion about their encounters with foreign policy crises
The Stolen Children: Their Stories: Aboriginal Child Removal Policy and Consequences
Get PDFFrom 1910 to 1970, the Australian government embarked on a policy of Aboriginal child removal which sought to acculturate Aborigine children of mixed descent into white Australian society. The 1997 report, Bringing Them Home, records the individual testimonies of hundreds of victims of child removal and argues that prolonged familial separation caused irreparable damage to native Australian communities. Carmel Bird’s edited version of the report, The Stolen Children: Their Stories, was published in 1998 to disseminate the report\u27s findings and advocate for legislative action. Her book includes the stories of seventeen individuals and responses to the original report from prominent politicians and historians
Interview with Monique Gore, March 12 & March 26, 2021
No full textMonique Gore was interviewed on March 12 and 26, 2021, by Devin McKinney about her early life, her education at Gettysburg College, and her career as Gettysburg\u27s Director of Multi-Cultural Programming and Outreach.
Collection Note: This oral history was selected from the Oral History Collection maintained by Special Collections & College Archives. Transcripts are available for browsing in the Special Collections Reading Room, 4th floor, Musselman Library. GettDigital contains the complete listing of oral histories done from 1978 to the present. To view this list and to access selected digital versions please visit https://gettysburg.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16274coll2/search
Complete Genome Sequences of Four Phages of the Horse Chestnut Phyllosphere
Get PDFBacteriophages play important roles in determining bacterial communities, including plant microbiota. Here, we describe four lytic phages, three Siphoviridae and one Podoviridae, isolated from four different bacterial species found on the leaves of horse chestnut trees. Their double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes range from 39,095 to 46,062 bp and contain 51 to 70 genes
Secular Architecture: Domestic
Get PDFThe geographic focus of this discussion of Byzantine domestic architecture, from the late fourth to fifteenth centuries, will be on the Balkans and Asia Minor. Although more dwellings exist than any other type of structure within a settlement or outside it, emphasis has often been on large public buildings or the peristyle house rather than the range of housing units and their multifunctional nature. Those who study domestic architecture tend to look at palaces and other grand and richly decorated structures; only recently has attention been paid to lower-class and rural dwellings.
The chances of excavation often dictate our knowledge of ancient housing, which consists too frequently of isolated mosaic floors and incomplete ground plans. Preservation is usually limited to foundations or socles of walls so that nothing is known about windows, and upper floors are signaled only by surviving stairs. Compartments within houses are identified by shape and decoration, while the information provided by furnishings or artifact assemblages about possible, multiple functions of space is not collected or is ignored. Nevertheless, despite many excavated but unpublished houses, Byzantine dwellings may be described in some detail. [excerpt
Are Happy Individuals Less Xenophobic Than Unhappy Individuals? Happiness & Income Versus Xenophobia
Get PDFThe social science literature on xenophobia is immense. Researchers have found that individual levels of xenophobia have a strong correlation with economic indicators, education, and political affiliation. However, do they have any correlation with unconventional indicators like happiness? This paper uses data from the World Value Survey to study the correlation between individual happiness and xenophobia. I find that there is a significant correlation between individual levels of happiness and xenophobia, even when controlling for income around the world
Friends of Musselman Library Newsletter Spring 2021 - Special Supplement
Get PDFWhat Does the Library Mean to You? (Robin Wagner)
The Library: A Keystone Place (Daniel DeNicola)
Teaching with Rare Books (Joanne Myers)
Libraries Are Sacred Spaces for Writers (Jen Bryant)
Students Learn Editorial Skills (Ryan Nadeau)
Science Research Begins and Ends in the Library (Shelli Frey)
Planning Assignments That Promote Information Literacy (Kevin Moore)
Librarians and Social Justice: Co-creating a Better World (Sarah Appedu)
What\u27s on Your Reading List? (Kerri Odess-Harnish)
Public Libraries Serve the Community (Jessica Laganosky)
Student Partners Enhance Service (Clinton Baugess)
My Internship at the Library (Melanie Fernandes McKenzie)
Interns and Mentors Reflect Abigail Major \u2719 Amy Violante \u2717 Maddy Casey \u2721 Darby Nisbett \u2720
Diversity and Inclusion in the Library Collection (Janelle Wertzberger)
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