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Evaluation of the Federal Writers\u27 Project
Get PDFThis essay examines an interview with a former slave, Sarah Graves. The interview is a product of the Federal Writers\u27 Project, a government funded program created during the Great Depression. I address the possible problems that arise when working with this type of memory source (an interview), and how to work around them. This essay also ponders the reasoning why certain bits of information were included in the interview, and why others were excluded
APPC Minutes - November 2, 2021
No full textMinutes of the Academic Policy and Program Committee Meeting, November 2, 2021
International Travel and Its Impacts on Black/African American Identity Construction
Get PDFHow does going abroad impact Black/African Americans’ conceptualization of self? To assess the answer to this question I analyzed and reflected on mine and the international experiences of my participants, conducted thirteen interviews, and had participants answer survey questions. I argue that identity has two parts: your external and internal parts. The external identity I attributed to international experiences. My findings showed there are three impacts international travel has on Black/ African American identity constructions: the reinforcement, creation of something new, and added new dimension. There is little scholarship that studies the impact of international travel as it pertains to the diverse identity constructions within the Black community (Black vs African American). The impact of international travel on Black people’s identity construction is great, but especially for African Americans due to their unique identity constructions. I argue there is a divide between the impact of international travel on Black people (those who identify with Caribbean and or African roots) and African Americans (those with ancestors a part of the Transatlantic Slave Trade and with multi-generational history in the US). Black participants had international experiences that reaffirmed their identity constructions, while African Americans experienced identity fatigue, the unsettling challenge of their identity constructions. To better understand the modern Black/African American experience we must analyze the relationship between identity construction and external experiences. To do this we must consider African American’s unique identity constructions and its impacts on their modern experiences, international travel being one example
Inequitable Impacts of Textbook Costs at a Small, Private College: Results from a Textbook Survey at Gettysburg College
Get PDFRecognizing that higher education settings vary considerably, librarians at Gettysburg College sought to better understand textbook spending behaviors and the effects of costs on our students. We adapted the Florida Virtual Campus 2016 Student Textbook and Course Materials Survey to suit the context of our small, private, liberal arts college. Most students spent $300 in Fall 2019. Financial aid awards did not cover the cost of required books and course materials for most students receiving aid. Negative effects were more pronounced for first-generation students and Pell Grant recipients, who were more likely to not purchase required books, to not register for a course due to cost, and to struggle academically. Some reported negative effects beyond their academic lives, as well. We recommend adoption of Open Educational Resources as an equity-minded practice that addresses this academic success barrier
Manual de Gramática y Composición
No full textAn OER remixed textbook for fifth-semester Spanish instruction, focusing on grammar and composition.https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/oer/1010/thumbnail.jp
“Hoy escribiré una carta”: The News of Siege Warfare in Calderón’s El sitio de Bredá
No full textAmbrogio Spinola’s victory at the Siege of Breda (1624–1625) marked a high point in the imperial policies of Philip IV and his royal favorite, the Count-Duke of Olivares. Contemporary newsletters celebrated the achievement, and Pedro Calderón de la Barca followed these reports in commemorating the victory in his play El sitio de Bredá (1625). I find that in addition to the obvious praise of the triumphant Habsburg forces and monarchy, El sitio de Bredá cultivates a new vision of imperial siege warfare, one that is nurtured by a preoccupation with the burgeoning news industry. Cueing off contemporary reports, Calderón proposes a recently proven model in juxtaposition with those found in earlier siege plays, specifically El asalto de Mastrique por el Príncipe de Parma by Lope de Vega and Tragedia de Numancia by Miguel de Cervantes. When read alongside these works, Calderón’s play suggests an evolution in the depiction of Spanish warfare, redefining its technical and tactical aspects in light of the growing news industry and its rapid dissemination of knowledge
Greenhouse Gas Inventory of Transportation and Driving Habits at Gettysburg College
Get PDFBy tracking the overall emissions put out by a college campus, mitigation strategies can be researched to lower total emissions. This study utilized a survey for both the student body and faculty and staff members at Gettysburg College in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. This survey allowed this study to answer three research questions; what is the total number of Scope 3 emissions at Gettysburg College, how do these findings compare to findings from 2009 and the 2016 STARS report for Gettysburg College, and if any potential mitigation strategies are welcomed by the campus community. This study examined five major driving related emission totals in order to come to the overall emissions number. These five groups include: the daily commutes of faculty and staff, faculty and staff travel related to Gettysburg College official business, student commutes to and from home, daily commutes of students while on campus and the total amount of carbon emissions related to abroad travel for both the Fall and Spring worldwide programs in 2021. The total of Gettysburg Colleges Scope 3 emissions that are related to commutes and travel is estimated to be 1,219 tons. These findings were compared to a report from 2009 by Gettysburg College students about emissions from several overlapping categories in 2007 and 2008. It was found that staff and faculty now travel less of a distance from work to home and also make fewer trips to campus than they did in the previous decade and emissions are significantly less regarding study abroad air travel. Additionally, for the 2020-2021 academic year, the largest category of Scope 3 emissions comes from students going abroad. The 2021 study also investigated which mitigation strategies would be supported by faculty and staff and students. Proposed strategies included increasing or instituting parking permit fees, receiving a stipend for alternative transportation options, creating a bike share program, and creating a carpool matching system. We found that students are more open minded to such mitigation strategies than are faculty and staff. Future studies should further investigate these strategies alongside additional Scope 3 emission categories
Eisenhower and the Interstate
Get PDFBy passing the Federal Highway Act of 1956, 34th U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower would go down in history as the father of the American Interstate Highway System. It was Ike’s determination to execute his ‘Grand Plan’ for a modernized road network that initiated the monumental effort to produce the roads we as Americans use every day. However, today’s highway network is a far cry from what Ike had in mind when he first envisioned the plan. Congressional dissent and special interests did much to undermine the success of Ike’s ‘Grand Plan,’ forcing him to compromise significantly on the issue. Through an analysis of Ike’s motivations, actions, and rhetoric surrounding the Interstate Highway effort as president of the United States from 1953-1960, I will demonstrate what Ike thought of the road network he initiated, and why it fell short of his greatest expectations