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Myopic and Farsighted Stability in Network Formation Games: An Experimental Study
Get PDFWe test the performance of myopic and farsighted stability concepts in a network formation experiment with a stream of payoffs and relatively unstructured link formation process. A subtle treatment variation demonstrates clearly the power of myopic stability concepts in precisely identifying the set of the most stable networks. However, we also find support for the predictions of farsighted concepts of stability, especially those that assume players' pessimism about the eventual outcome of a deviation. This is the first study to demonstrate that there exist environments where farsighted stability concepts identify empirically stable networks that are not identified by myopic concepts. Thus, myopic stability concepts are not necessarily sufficient to predict all stable outcomes in empirical applications
How calibration committees can mitigate performance evaluation bias: An analysis of implicit incentives
Get PDFWhile prior research on performance evaluation bias has mainly focused on the
determinants and consequences of rating errors, we investigate how a firm can provide implicit
incentives to supervisors to mitigate these errors via its calibration committee. We empirically
examine the extent to which a calibration committee incorporates supervisors' evaluation behavior
with respect to their subordinates in the performance evaluation outcomes, i.e., performance ratings
and promotion decisions, for these supervisors. In our study, we distinguish between lack of skills
and opportunism as two important facets of evaluation behavior, which we expect the calibration
committee to address differently. Using panel data of a professional service firm, we show that
supervisors' opportunistic behavior to strategically inflate subordinates' performance ratings is
disciplined through a decrease in the supervisors' own performance rating, while the supervisors'
skills to provide less compressed and thus more informative performance ratings is rewarded
through a higher likelihood of promotion.Series: Department of Strategy and Innovation Working Paper Serie
RDF-TR: Exploiting structural redundancies to boost RDF compression
Get PDFThe number and volume of semantic data have grown impressively over the last decade, promoting compression as an essential tool for RDF preservation, sharing and management. In contrast to universal compressors, RDF compression techniques are able to detect and exploit specific forms of redundancy in RDF data. Thus, state-of-the-art RDF compressors excel at exploiting syntactic and semantic redundancies, i.e., repetitions in the serialization format and information that can be inferred implicitly. However, little attention has been paid to the existence of structural patterns within the RDF dataset; i.e. structural redundancy. In this paper, we analyze structural regularities in real-world datasets, and show three schema-based sources of redundancies that underpin the schema-relaxed nature of RDF. Then, we propose RDF-Tr (RDF Triples Reorganizer), a preprocessing technique that discovers and removes this kind of redundancy before the RDF dataset is effectively compressed. In particular, RDF-Tr groups subjects that are described by the same predicates, and locally re-codes the objects related to these predicates. Finally, we integrate
RDF-Tr with two RDF compressors, HDT and k2-triples. Our experiments show that using RDF-Tr with these compressors improves by up to 2.3 times their original effectiveness, outperforming the most prominent state-of-the-art techniques
The Effects of Making Public Service Employees Aware of Their Prosocial and Societal Impact: A Microintervention
No full textOver the past decade, practitioners and scholars have intensified the discussions around people's expectations from their jobs and how public and private organizations can succeed in the war for talent. In this context, it has become obvious that people not only seek high salaries and career opportunities but also meaningfulness in their daily tasks. Although many public service jobs offer opportunities to help others (prosocial impact) or contribute to society (societal impact), employees tend to become accustomed to these positive aspects or forget about them. This article tests whether a microintervention that emphasizes employees' prosocial or societal impact can positively affect their well-being, intention to stay in the job, and willingness to recommend their respective jobs to others. The combined results of three preregistered experiments reveal that microinterventions can indeed have these effects, particularly if they focus on creating awareness about the jobs' societal impact
Of Discovery and Dread: The Importance of Work Challenges for International Business Travelers’ Thriving and Global Role Turnover Intentions
Get PDFAs frequent travel across international borders has become common for an ever‐increasing number of workers, it is essential to understand what helps these international business travelers (IBTs) thrive and embrace their global work responsibilities. This study's purpose is to examine the role of developmental opportunities (i.e., work role challenges) in helping IBTs see frequent travel as a predominantly beneficial experience. By integrating two theories of motivation—conservation of resources theory and the challenge‐hindrance demands framework—I build a moderated mediation model of IBTs’ intent to cease their global work responsibilities (i.e., global role turnover intentions). Using latent moderated structural equation modeling (LMS) I test the model on a sample of 204 IBTs collected at two time‐points. Results show that, through the psychological state of thriving at work, travel frequency has a negative indirect association with IBTs’ global role turnover intentions when IBTs’ work roles are challenging and a positive association when their work lacks challenge. This is primarily the case regarding the challenge of being responsible for others at work. The novelty of IBTs’ work tasks is also a salient challenge but to a lesser extent. This study contributes to literatures on global work, work role design, and thriving
A systematic review of the evidence on decoupling of GDP, resource use and GHG emissions, part I: bibliometric and conceptual mapping
Get PDFAs long as economic growth is a major political goal, decoupling growth from resource use and emissions is a prerequisite for a sustainable net-zero emissions future. However, empirical evidence for absolute decoupling, i.e., decreasing resource use and emissions at the required scale despite continued economic growth, is scarce and scattered across different research streams. In this two-part systematic review, we assess how and to what extent decoupling has been observed and what can be learnt for addressing the sustainability and climate crisis. Based on a transparent approach, we systematically identify and screen more than 11,500 scientific papers, eventually analyzing full texts of 835 empirical studies on the relationship between economic growth (GDP), resource use (materials and energy) and greenhouse gas emissions. Part I of the review examines how decoupling has been investigated across three research streams: energy, materials and energy, and emissions. Part II synthesizes the empirical evidence and policy implications (Haberl et al. part II, in review). In part I, we examine the topical, temporal and geographical scopes, methods of analysis, institutional networks and prevalent conceptual angles. We find that in this rapidly growing literature, the vast majority of studies – decomposition, 'causality' and Environmental Kuznets Curve analysis – approach the topic from a statistical-econometric point of view, while hardly acknowledging thermodynamic principles on the role of energy and materials for socio-economic activities. A potentially fundamental incompatibility between economic growth and systemic societal changes to address the climate crisis is rarely considered. We conclude that the existing wealth of empirical evidence merits braver conceptual advances than we have seen thus far. Future work should focus on comprehensive multi-indicator long-term analyses, conceptually grounded on the fundamental biophysical basis of socio-economic activities, incorporating the role of global supply chains as well as the wider societal role and preconditions of economic growth
Clarifying the Dominant Logic Construct by Disentangling and Reassembling its Dimensions
Get PDFSince its introduction, Prahalad and Bettis's concept of dominant logic has informed
a variety of scholarly conversations in management and strategy research. However,
scholars have interpreted dominant logic in different ways, emphasizing different aspects, such as managerial mindsets, administrative tools and management functions, as
defining elements. Similarly, empirical studies have captured various aspects, such as
meanings of entrepreneurs, observable strategic decisions and business model similarity, as indicators of dominant logic. Consequently, the concept lacks analytical clarity,
and it is difficult to compare or generalize findings from this diverse set of studies.
The aim of this review is to improve conceptual clarity by analysing, comparing and evaluating the existing interpretations and assessments of dominant logic in 94 studies.
In the first part of the review, by disentangling the interpretations of the concept, we
show that dominant logic consists of four defining dimensions: (i) shared mental models;
(ii) values and premises; (iii) organizational practices; and (iv) organizing structures. In
the second part, we reassemble dominant logic into an integrative model and theorize about how these dimensions operate in concert to produce a firm's dominant logic.
Thus, our main contribution is a clarification and synthesis of the literature, which
comes with implications on how future research can conceptualize and operationalize
dominant logic more consistently
Discovering Activities in Software Development Processes
Get PDFSoftware development processes are complex to monitor as they involve the coordination of manyresources working with different tools. This makes it hard to apply mining techniques for monitoringthe process. A key challenge for using traces of tools such as version control systems (VCS) is to findmeaningful abstractions in order to identify the work that was actually done. In this paper, we use datafrom VCS to analyze the actual progress of software-development processes. We develop a technique that is able to mine the activity types of which the development processes consists. We implement our technique as a prototype in Java and evaluate its outputs in terms of effectiveness. In this way, we are able to graphically uncover new behavioural patterns in real-world data from existing open-source GitHub repositories
A Process Scripting and Execution Environment
Get PDFMany companies rely on business process management systems for their digital transformation initiatives. Beyond visual modeling
languages, there is a need for an executable modeling language with
data processing support and powerful abstractions for development. To
overcome this gap, we developed a process scripting language called
Factscript. In this paper, we present the Factscript language environment and showcase its application
Technological Change in an Unstable Labor Market: A Dynamic System Approach
Get PDFThe rise of digital technologies, robots and computers has once again drawn attention to questions about the economic impact of technological progress. While process innovation is usually associated with productivity gains and a corresponding displacement of labor, product innovation is assumed to have rather positive effects on employment. We incorporate both channels of technological change by considering their different effects on productivity, needs, and expectations in a stock-flow consistent dynamic system approach. The highly simplified economic system presented in this article is based on standard assumptions, while with regard to technological progress and its effects the model allows for the emergence of off-equilibria paths and an unstable labor market. The chosen framework illustrates key dependencies in market economies, but simultaneously ties in with a fundamental level and thereby leaves space for shortcomings. Both may be seen as contribution to further developments as science, just like technological change, partly always will be a process of trial and error