Organic Eprints
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Shaping circular futures: The role of future-making practices in the transition to circular food systems
Get PDFVisions of circular food systems have become increasingly central to debates about sustainability, guiding strategies to reduce waste and regenerate resources. Among the at times conflicting visions that diverge in values and priorities, the transition toward circular food systems remains uncertain. We examine how everyday future-making practices reconfigure relations with waste and shape circular transitions in Switzerland. Drawing on Social Practice Theory and the concept of transformativity, we analyze how actors perform practices that reshape how waste is encountered, valued, and integrated into circular material flows in everyday life. Based on qualitative fieldwork conducted in 2023 with four cases from the Swiss food system including fertilizer production from urine, urban aquaponics, food waste redistribution, and biodynamic CSA farming, we show how different practices render alternative waste values tangible and engage people in circular futures-in-the-making through habitual, planned, and experimental modes of practices. In doing so, we highlight the everyday as a key site where contested circularity visions are negotiated, adapted, and implemented
Regulierung von Trauermücken im ökologischen Anbau von Topfpflanzen - Innovative Verfahren zur Einschätzung der Attraktivität von Kultursubstraten für Trauermücken und umfassende Strategien zur Bekämpfung mittels Nützlingen (Verbundvorhaben)
Get PDFDas hier beschriebene Verbundvorhaben umfasst folgende Teilprojekte: FKZ 19OE110, FKZ 219OE158, FKZ 19OE159, FKZ 19OE160
Das Projekt TrauTopf verfolgte zwei Ziele. Zum einen die Frage: Welche Bestandteile von Kultursubstraten – insbesondere Torfersatzstoffe und organische Dünger – wirken attraktiv bzw. repellent auf Trauermücken? In diesem Zusammenhang sollte auch die Rolle volatiler Komponenten ermittelt werden. Zum zweiten ging es um die Optimierung der Bekämpfung durch den Einsatz etablierter sowie bisher noch nicht genutzter Nützlinge. Beide Ansätze lieferten für die Praxis direkt anwendbare Ergebnisse. Bei organischen Düngern und Pflanzenstärkungsmitteln zeigt sich, dass flüssige Produkte keine attraktive Wirkung mitbringen, wohingegen feste Dünger meist auch per se unattraktives Substrat
hoch attraktiv machen. Keine erhöhte Attraktivität zeigte sich bei Holzfaser- und Rindenprodukten. Anders bei Grüngutkomposten. Zwar waren die meisten unattraktiv, einzelne aber hoch attraktiv. Ein eindeutiger Zusammenhang zu chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften war nicht festzustellen. Es deutet sich aber an, dass eine unzureichende Reife einen Risikofaktor darstellt. Über die Duftstoffanalyse konnten einige attraktive und repellente Komponenten identifiziert werden. Verschiedene Tests einzelner Volatile mit und ohne Substrat bestätigten vorwiegend die repellente Wirkung. Hinsichtlich etablierter Nützlinge zeigte sich, dass die kombinierte Anwendung von Steinernema feltiae und Hypoaspis miles effektiver ist als deren alleinige Ausbringung. Mit speziell formulierten Nematoden sowie Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (BTI)-Präparaten konnte der Bekämpfungserfolg nicht verbessert werden. Der Kurzflügelkäfer Atheta coriaria, die Schlupfweste Synacra paupera sowie räuberische Fliegen der Gattung Coenosia können ebenso zur Regulierung beitragen wie grundsätzlich auch der Hundertfüßer Lamyctes emarginatus. Allerdings verhindern Schwierigkeiten bei der Massenanzucht sowie seine Größe dessen großflächigen Einsatz. Sehr gute Erfolge zeigte auch eine neue, nützlingsschonende Falle
Effect of algae and pea protein on carcass quality (breast meat yield), meat quality, shelf life, and consumer acceptance – Results from practical trials
Get PDFMicroalgae and pea protein show promise as sustainable alternatives to soy in organic chicken feed. This study examined consumer perceptions of organic broiler chickens raised on three grower feed diets containing different protein sources: (A) soybean and pea, (B) microalgae and pea, and (C) pea. A total of 122 consumers were recruited and participated in this study, and 176 chickens were cut up for carcass evaluation. While consumers had an equal preference for the appearance, taste, and texture of the cooked chicken samples, younger consumers (18-49 years, n=50) preferred the microalgae-pea fed chicken (B) over soybean-pea chicken (A) (p = 0.010). The choice experiment indicated a preference for the appearance of the yellow microalgae-pea and pink pea fed chickens (B, C) over soybean-pea chicken (A) (p < 0.001). Younger consumers had a more positive perception towards microalgae fed chickens, particularly its taste, nutrition, and safety. Aside from the consumers, the carcass analysis showed a tendency of enhanced growth and breast meat yield (%) for the chickens fed the microalgae-pea diet, compared to the control (p = 0.025). In conclusion, the microalgae fed chickens had a higher breast meat yield (%) than the soybean fed and Danish consumers appear receptive to organic chickens raised on microalgae-supplemented feed
Wheat-Bean mixed cropping trials under organic management from 2015 to 2018
No full textThis database originates from field trials conducted between 2015 and 2018 by CREABIO at the La Hourre experimental site (southwestern France) and was compiled by ITAB. The aim of these trials is to investigate the impact of different varieties on the performance of wheat–faba bean mixed-cropping. Each treatment corresponds to the combination of a soft wheat (Triticum aestivum) variety and faba bean (Vicia faba), under sowing densities of 280 seeds/m2 for wheat and 25 seeds/m2 for fava bean. A total of 9 soft wheat varieties and 1 faba bean variety are tested. The mixed cropping is compared to two sole-crop controls: pure wheat and pure faba bean.
The trials followed a split-plot design with 3 replicates.
The database includes information on:
- Field operations: sowing, fertilization, weed control, and harvesting
- Production performance: grain yield, protein content, specific weight
- Yield components: plants density (plants/m²), ears density (ears/m²), pods density (pods/m²) and grains density (grains/m ²)
- Wheat growth monitoring: early and late growth habit, vegetative and reproductive phase vigour and height at maturity
- Disease susceptibility to several pathogens: Zymoseptoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola), Puccinia striiformis (P. glumarum), and Puccinia recondita.
In addition, the database contains daily meteorological data (minimum, maximum, and mean temperatures, as well as precipitation) recorded at the on-site weather station throughout the trial period, along with several soil descriptors.
This dataset is part of the database compiled as an outcome of Work Area 1 in project OrganicYieldsUP. Variable definitions can be found here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15276082
ID abbreviations:
W-B: wheat/bean intercropping
W: winter wheat
FB: faba bean
WFP: winter fodder beans
Example in « FB15 » FB correspond to Faba Bean and 15 to the number of seeds.m-2
Publications based on this dataset (Frensh):
Essai Association Blés-Fèverole (EcovAB) en agriculture biologique :
– Campagne 2015-2016
– Campagne 2016-2017
Résultats du projet EcovAB, année 2015-2016 - Comportement des variétés de blé en situation d’azote limitante
Résultats du projet EcovAB, année 2014-2015
Essai sur la production de blé panifiable en association avec la féverole - Synthèse des essais 2016-201
La flore messicole: discrète mais indispensable
Get PDFEntre les plantes cultivées comme le blé ou l’orge se développe une flore diversifiée et souvent méconnue: ces plantes messicoles, c’est-à-dire inféodées aux cultures agricoles, comme la pensée des champs ou le miroir de Vénus, contribuent de façon marquée à la biodiversité
Elisa Lorenzetti lentil cultivar mixtures - Mixtures of commercial lentil cultivars show inconsistent results on agronomic parameters but positive effects on yield stability.
No full textCultivar mixtures are a useful tool to enhance cultivated biodiversity to buffer crop biotic and abiotic stresses. There are multiple pieces of evidence of mixture advantages in terms of pathogen control and increase in yield amount, stability and quality. Lentil represents a founder crop in the Mediterranean, yet it experiences strong yield fluctuations in the face of abiotic stresses. The present study aims to assess the mixing ability of four Italian commercial lentil lines in terms of yield amount and stability, nodule number, total lentil biomass and sensitivity to weeds. Since there is very limited information on lentil genotype traits, two-, three- and four-cultivar mixtures were designed with a trait-blind approach and compared to sole cultivars. The nodule number was mainly influenced by cultivar and weather; no interaction between cultivars was observed. Treatments were differently sensitive to weeds, but the effect of spatial heterogeneity prevailed over that of the cultivar. The average yield stability of all mixtures was significantly higher than pure stands, but in terms of yield amount, individual mixtures either outperformed or were outperformed by pure stands. Against our expectations, cultivar mixtures showed the most advantages in the most productive year: likely, the reason lies in the supposed low genetic diversity of commercial lentil lines in Italy. We encourage further research, taking into account the diversity of Italian lentil landraces, in order to gain a broader genetic base for the implementation of a trait-based approach, which may lead to better-performing mixtures
Protect and Promote Crop Wild Relatives
Get PDFProblem
Modern crop varieties often lack genetic diversity, leaving them vulnerable to climate change, pests and diseases and not well adapted to novel agricultural practices. Many valuable traits that could improve nutritional quality and resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses still exist in crop wild relatives (CWRs). However, many of these species are under threat due to habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as limited integration into breeding programmes.
Solution
The PRO-WILD project identifies, protects and promotes the use of CWRs, with a focus on wheat, sugar beet and brassicas. The project maps genetic diversity hotspots, assesses threats to CWR populations and develops tools for integrating them into breeding programmes. It also establishes conservation actions in-situ (in the wild) and ex-situ (in gene banks)
Dissemination and Exploitation Plans (including the communication handbook)
Get PDFA plan outlining the communication, dissemination and exploitation strategies in the project PRO-WILD, including detailed guidelines, workflows and templates for partners
Ü50 auf jedem zweiten Biohof
No full textDie Schweizer Landwirtschaft ist überaltert, Höfe schliessen oder werden grösser. Gefordert ist die Politik
Weathering the Storm: A Systematic Review of Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture. Methods, Metrics, and Impacts
Get PDFMuch attention has been paid to the impact of the agriculture sector on the environment and its contribution to climate change. However, the sector is also vulnerable to the impacts of climate extremes. Thus, a growing number of studies have focused on adapting to these changes. We conducted a systematic literature review and assessment of the evidence gathered from 124 studies on the impacts of and adaptation to climate change in the agriculture sector in OECD member countries. Results highlight a significant knowledge gap in understanding the full economic effects of climate change as the impacts of climate change on input costs is not extensively studied in the way that impacts on farm output is. Additionally, there is a need to understand the indicators used to assess climate impacts in agriculture for easier comparison across studies. We recommend targeted research and funding to close this knowledge gap including conducting long term analyses to evaluate the costs and benefits of adaptation strategiesas well as capacity building and knowledge exchange