İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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Inactivation of Nosema spp. with zinc phthalocyanine
No full textMost honey bee pathogens, such as Vairimorpha (Nosema), cannot be rapidly and definitively diagnosed in a natural setting, consequently there is typically the spread of these diseases through shared and re-use of beekeeping equipment. Furthermore, there are no viable treatment options available for Nosema spores to aid in managing the spread of this bee disease. We therefore aimed to develop a new method using novel Zinc Phthalacyonine (ZnPc) as a photosensitizer for the photodynamic inactivation of Nosema spores that could be used for the decontamination of beekeeping equipment. Nosema spores were propagated for in vitro testing using four caged Apis mellifera honey bees. The ZnPc treatment was characterized, encapsulated with a liposome, and then used as either a 10 or 100 µM treatment for the freshly harvested Nosema spores, for either a 30 and or 60-minute time period, under either light or dark conditions, in-vitro, in 96-well plates. In the dark treatment, after 30-min, the ZnPc 100 µM treatment, caused a 30 % Nosema mortality, while this increased to 80 % at the same concentration after the light treatment. The high rate of anti-spore effects, in a short period of time, supports the notion that this could be an effective treatment for managing honey bee Nosema infections in the future. Our results also suggest that the photo activation of the treatment could be applied in the field setting and this would increase the sterilization of beekeeping equipment against Nosema
Deep brain stimulation with double targeting of the VIM and PSA for the treatment of rare tremor syndromes
No full textIntroduction: In tremor syndromes, pharmacological therapy is the primary treatment, but deep brain stimulation (DBS) is used when it is insufficient. We explore the use of DBS, focusing on the globus pallidus internus for dystonia and the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) for tremor conditions. We introduce the posterior subthalamic area (PSA) as a potential target, suggesting its efficacy in tremor reduction, particularly in rare tremor syndromes. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of double targeting the VIM and PSA in rare tremor conditions, highlighting the limited existing data on this. Methods: Between 2019 and 2023, 22 patients with rare tremor syndromes were treated with bilateral DBS of the VIM and PSA. This case series consisted of 7 isolated head tremor, 1 hepatic encephalopathic tremor due to Abernethy syndrome, 2 voice tremor, 4 dystonic tremor, and 8 Holmes tremor (2 multiple sclerosis, 2 cerebellar insult, and 4 posttraumatic) patients. Patients' preoperative and 12-month postoperative tremor scores were compared, and the optimum VIM and PSA stimulation areas were investigated. Results: There was a significant reduction in the mean TRS score from 3.70 (±0.57) to 0.45 (±0.68) after 12 months of surgery. Specific outcomes for different indications were observed: for head tremor, 6 of 7 patients showed a reduction in TRS scores to 0 points; the vocal tremor patients demonstrated improvement; this change was not statistically significant, which is likely to be due to the low number of patients in this subgroup; the dystonic tremor patients showed either complete tremor abolition or a reduction in TRS scores; the Holmes tremor patients showed an 80% reduction in TRS scores; and the hepatic encephalopathy tremor and Abernethy syndrome patients showed a 75% improvement in TRS scores. The stimulation parameters converged on the VIM and dorsal PSA. Complications included the need for electrode repositioning, infections requiring electrode removal and re-implantation, dysarthria, and stimulation-induced ataxia, which was resolved by adjusting the stimulation parameters. Discussion: The literature on DBS for rare tremors is limited. Double targeting of the VIM and PSA appears to produce promising improvements on the outcomes reported in the existing literature on VIM-only DBS. The proximity of the VIM and PSA allows for flexible electrode placement, contributing to the potential success of the dual-target approach. We also discuss the theoretical advantages of targeting the PSA based on the distribution of tremor circuits, emphasizing the need for further research and electrophysiological studies
Superficial siderosis: A case report of underdiagnosed disorder
No full textSuperficial siderosis (SS) is caused by subpial hemosiderin deposition due to chronic low-grade bleeding into the subarachnoid space. Dural tears are the most common etiology. Slowly progressive gait ataxia and hearing impairment are common clinical manifestations. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows linear superficial hypointensity on the T2 weighted images and gradient echo. The therapeutic approach is surgical repair of the bleeding source. The patient presented with progressive hearing loss and ataxia. Neurological examination revealed bilateral hearing loss, nystagmus, dysarthria, brisk deep tendon reflexes, and severe ataxia. Brain MRI showed linear superficial siderosis in the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. Spinal MRI showed ventral epidural cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection and disc-osteophyte complex. Six months after the surgical repair of the dural defect, the patient's neurological examination demonstrated improvement in ataxia and dysarthria. The patient was able to walk without any assistance. Surgical repair of the underlying bleeding source may be beneficial in preventing the progression and improving the symptoms of superficial siderosis SS. This case suggests that SS symptoms are potentially reversible by surgical treatment of the underlying spinal CSF leak after a long disease course
Evaluation of the extraction methods prior to ICP-MS determination of metal levels in kinetic (magic) sand samples used for children’s play
No full textKinetic (magic) sand is widely used in preschool activities in order toimprove the children’s creative abilities. Despite its popularity, thisstudy will be the first in literature to assess the heavy metal contentof kinetic sand samples. Focusing on the determination of metalcontent (Hg, Cd, Sb, Sn, Al, Ni, Co, Cu, Pb) of 10 different brands ofkinetic sand samples sold in Turkish markets, the significance ofsample preparation step was further discussed with the applicationof wet digestion and microwave digestion methods, prior to analy-sis by ICP-MS. Based on the acute toxicity classes defined byEuropean Union (EU) As, Cd, Hg belongs to Class 1; Ni, CrVI, Pbbelongs to Class 2, whereas Zn and Cu belongs to Class 3. Amongthe potential toxic elements studied, the Al content of samplesattracts attention with its high level exceeding the limits ofdirectives
Current DBS programming
No full textDeep brain stimulation is an established treatment option for various neurological and psychiatric disorders. Throughout its journey as a confirmed long-term efficacious therapeutic option for movement disorders such as Parkinson’ s disease, essential tremor and dystonia over the last three decades, programming strategies continuously improved to due to the development of DBS technologies. The aim of this review is to take a glance into current programming strategies in the era of movement disorders particularly with an updated review of the literature for current and emerging DBS technologies
Filling ability and bond strength of calcium silicate-based materials
No full textAIM or PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different application methods of various calcium silicate-based materials on the filling ability and bond strength in retrograde cavities. MATERIALS and METHOD After Ethics Committee approval, 110 single-rooted-teeth were endodontically treated. After root-end resection and apical preparation, the specimens were separated into eleven groups: Biodentine, MTA Angelus, MTA Fillapex, MTA Repair HP, MTA Fillapex+ MTA Repair HP, MTA Flow Thick, MTA Flow Putty, MTA Flow Thick + MTA Flow Putty, TotalFill BC RRM Paste, TotalFill BC RRM Putty, TotalFill BC RRM Paste + TotalFill BC RRM Putty. Using a Micro-CT scanner and tridimensional images reconstructed, the filling ability of materials (the volume percentage of gaps and voids) was calculated. After, two slides of root tip discs were created. Push-out bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine. Also, the relationship between the total volume of void% and push-out bond strength was examined. RESULTS All samples presented voids and gaps. There was no statistical difference regarding the volume of void%. TotalFill BC RRM Paste had the highest volume of gaps. MTA Fillapex exhibited significantly the lowest bond strength than other groups. MTA Angelus had a significantly higher bond strength than other groups except for MTA Repair HP, Biodentine, and TotalFill BC RRM Putty. There was no significant correlation between the total volume of porosity% and push-out bond strength. CONCLUSION(S) While the adhesion capacity of the investigated materials significantly decreased when the prior application of paste before delivery of putty, the change in volume of void% was statistically insignificant
Ebedi gençlik arayışında anti-aging besinlerin etkisi ve drosophila melanogaster üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar
No full textYaşlanma süreci, geçmişten bugüne birden fazla tanımla ve birden fazla boyuta indirgenerek açıklanmıştır. Kabul gören tanımlardan biri yaşlanmayı, vücudun zamanla birçok hastalığa kucak açtığı, ruhsal, fiziksel ve sosyal açıdan gerilediği, morfolojik açıdan değiştiği, kaçınılmayacak bir süreç olarak açıklamıştır. Yaşlılık döneminde bedensel ve zihinsel sağlık sorunları görülmektedir. Kronik hastalıkların sıklığının artması, fiziksel aktivitelerde kısıtlılık yaşanması, bellek ve bilişsel fonksiyonlarda azalma görülmesi bireyi olumsuz etkilemektedir. Yaşlanma sürecinin durdurulması mümkün olmamakla birlikte sürecin yavaşlaması için birey birçok alandan destek alabilir. Geçmişten bugüne yaşlanmayla ilgili birçok teori ortaya atılmıştır. Bu teorilerden en çok kabul göreni serbest radikal teorisidir. Zamanla artan çevresel kirlilik, sigara kullanımı ve fast- food tarzı beslenmenin yaygınlaşmasıyla vücutta serbest radikaller de artmaktadır. Reaktif oksijen türlerinin hücre ve moleküllerde hatta genetik materyalde hasar meydana getirmesi sonucunda yaşlanma süreci hızlanmaktadır. Bu teoride yaşlanmayı geciktirmek için en önemli faktör beslenme olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yeterli ve dengeli beslenmeyi antioksidanlar ile desteklemek yaşlanmayı yavaşlatmaktadır. Bu durum zamanla ‘anti-aging beslenme’ ve ‘anti-aging besin’ kavramlarını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bitkilerin veya gıdalar ile hazırlanan besin takviyeleri yani nutrasötiklerin anti-aging etkileri kullanılarak yaşlanma karşıtı birçok tedavi yolu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bir tedavi yöntemi olarak görülen anti aging besin takviyeleri ve nutrasötikler yaşam kalitesini iyileştirmektedir. Anti-aging besinlerin, telomeraz uzunluğuna etki etmesi, derinin koruması, mitokondri fonksiyonlarının koruması ve immun sistemin güçlü kalmasını sağlaması beklenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, yaşlanmanın oluşumda serbest radikal teorisi göz önünde bulundurularak, antioksidan takviyeler en etkili ve en popüler anti-aging besin takviyesi olarak görülmektedir. Bu takviyelerde genellikle polifenoller, resveratroller, D ve koenzim Q10 gibi vitaminler, selenyum, magnezyum, biotin gibi mineraller bulunmaktadır. Yaşlanma sürecini anlamak veya yaşlanmayı geciktirmek için birçok model organizma kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan model organizmaların seçimi, araştırma alanına ve sorulara bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Genetik ve yaşlanma üzerine çalışmalarda sıklıkla, meyve sinekleri (Drosophila melanogaster) organizması kullanılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak beslenmenin yaşlanma sürecindeki etkisi kaçınılmaz bir gerçektir. Antioksidan takviyelerine ek yeterli ve dengeli beslenmek yaşlanma sürecini yavaşlatmaya katkıda bulunmaktadır
Rezin süt molar dişlerde ultrasonik ve sonik aktivasyon sistemlerinin kök kanal dolgu kalitesine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi: in vitro çalışma
No full textObjective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different filling methods on canal filling quality in resin primary molar teeth prepared with two different preparation techniques. Mate rial and Methods: For the study, 60 maxillary primary second molar teeth obtained from resin block were used. Root canals were prepared using a manual #K-file (n=30) and a VDW Rotate™ System (n=30) rotary instrument. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups according to the filling technique used (n=10): Calci-Paste® syringe (control group); Calci-Paste® syringe and Uc-One® (ultrasonic activation); Calci-Paste® syringe and Eddy® (sonic activation). The quality of the canal filling (under filled, optimal filled, overfilled) and the pres ence/absence of voids were assessed using cone beam computed to mography. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science, IBM SPSS®, version 26, Chicago, USA) program was used for statistical analysis. Results: There was no significant difference between the different preparation and filling techniques in terms of filling volume and length, In the study, voids were detected in all three filling methods, but the highest void filling was found in the Calci-Paste® syringe +ultrasonic activation group (48%). The manual preparation and syringe group had the most optimally filled teeth but there was no significant difference between the groups (For preparation methods p=0.573; for filling meth ods p=0.976). Conclusion: In this study, it was found that sonic and ul trasonic systems did not improve the quality of root canal filling in resin primary molars and ultrasonic activation caused more voids.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, iki farklı preparasyon tekniği ile hazırlanan rezin süt molar dişlerde farklı dolum yöntemlerinin kanal dolum kalitesi üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem ler: Çalışmada rezin bloktan elde edilmiş 60 adet maksiller süt 2. molar diş kullanıldı. Kök kanallarının preparasyonu manuel #K-tipi eğe (n=30) ve VDW Rotate™ System (n=30) döner alet kullanılarak ya pıldı. Her grup kullanılan dolum tekniğine göre 3 alt gruba ayrıldı (n=10): Calci-Paste® enjektör (kontrol grubu); Calci-Paste® enjektör ve Uc-One® (ultrasonik aktivasyon); Calci-Paste® enjektör ve Eddy® (sonik aktivasyon). Kanal dolumunun kalitesi (eksik dolum, optimal dolum, taşkın dolum) ve boşluk varlığı/yokluğu konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analiz için SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science, IBM SPSS®, version 26, Chi cago, ABD) programı kullanıldı. Bulgular: Farklı preparasyon ve dolum teknikleri arasında dolum hacmi ve uzunluğu açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Bu çalışmada, her üç dolum yönte minde boşluk saptandı ancak en fazla boşluklu dolum Calci-Paste®en jektör+ultrasonik aktivasyon (%48) grubunda bulundu. Manuel preparasyon ve enjektör grubu en optimal doluma sahipti ancak grup lar arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (preparasyon yöntemleri için p=0,573; dolgu yöntemleri için p=0,976). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, rezin süt molar dişlerde sonik ve ultrasonik sistemlerin kök kanal dolumunun kalitesini artırmadığı ve ultrasonik sistemlerin daha fazla boşluğa neden olduğu bulunmuştur
The impact of industry 4.0 applications on the logistics sector: A literature review
No full textEndüstri 4.0; en genel tanımıyla, halihazırda işleyen bir süreçten insan faktörünün alınarak yerine makine sistemlerinin konulmasıdır. Burada bahsi geçen insan faktörü, kas gücü demektir. Önem derecesi düşük, bilgi birikimine ihtiyaç duyulmayan işlerin makineler tarafından yapılarak insan zekasının daha verimli ve faydalı alanlarda kullanılmasını esas alır. Öte yandan lojistik sektörü, hizmet sektörü içerisinde büyük öneme sahip ve gün geçtikçe değerlenen bir sektör haline gelmiştir. Bitmiş ürünün son tüketiciye ulaştırılması ve/veya hammadde, elektrik, enerji ulaşımı gibi konularda hizmet vermektedir. Lojistik sektörü, dinamik bir süreç olması nedeniyle sürekli gelişime muhtaçtır, aksi takdirde yeni dünya rekabetçileri ve artan müşteri istekleri ile baş edemez duruma gelerek sektör dışı kalabilir. Bu durumda Endüstri 4.0, tıpkı diğer sektörleri etkilediği gibi, lojistik sektörünü de etkileyecektir. Bu çalışma, Endüstri 4.0 uygulamalarının lojistik sektöründeki etkilerini sistematik bir literatür taraması ile değerlendirmektedir. 2013-2023 yılları arasında özellikle dijital dönüşüm ve akıllı lojistik konularında çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmış olup, bu çalışmaların en çok 2020-2021 yıllarında yoğunlaştığı görülmüştür.lndustry 4.0, in its most general definition, is the removal of the human factor from an already functioning process and replacing it with machine systems. The human factor referred to here is muscle power. it is based on the use of human intelligence in more efficient and useful areas, with machines performing tasks that are of low importance and do not require knowledge. On the other hand, the logistics sector has become a sector of great importance and increasing value within the service sector. it provides services such as transportation of finished products to the end consumer and/or transportation of raw materials, electricity and energy. The logistics sector is in need of continuous development as it is a dynamic process, otherwise it may be out of the sector by being unable to cope with new world competitors and increasing customer demands. This study evaluates the effects of lndustry 4.0 applications in the logistics sector through a systematic literature review. Various studies have been conducted between 2013-2023, especially on digital transformation and smart logistics, and it has been observed that these studies are mostly concentrated in 2020-2021
Phenylsulfonylpiperazines as α-Glucosidase enzyme inhibitors: Design, synthesis, DFT calculations, docking and ADME studies
No full textDiabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common diseases affecting people all over the world. An important treatment for DM is the inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme. A wide range of biological activities of piperazine and sulfonamide moieties are known. In this study, five phenylsulfonyl piperazine derivatives were synthesized. Their inhibitory capacities were evaluated. The analogues (1-5) showed a good degree of inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme. Compound 1 has the highest inhibition potential for the α-glucosidase enzyme. Its inhibition percentages (83.52±0.41) were higher than the reference molecule quercetin (81.41±0.02). In silico molecular docking studies were performed for the most potent compound 1 for α-glucosidase enzyme to determine possible protein-ligand interactions. Furthermore, a DFT study was carried out for the evaluation of the quantum mechanical and electronic properties. Finally, ADME profiles of the compounds were theoretically analyzed.University of Health Sciences, unit of scientific research project (BAP) -- Project No:2020/040