İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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Thermosonication-assisted fortification of kiwi juice with bee bread: Enhancing nutritional and functional properties through ANFIS-RSM optimization
No full textThis study investigated the effects of thermosonication on the preservation and enhancement of bioactive components in kiwi juice fortified with bee bread. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) were employed to optimize processing parameters by evaluating FRAP, total phenolics, total chlorophyll, and ascorbic acid levels. Thermosonication significantly enhanced the levels of phenolic compounds (127.97 GAE mg/100 mL) and ascorbic acid (14.89 mg/100 mL), while a reduction in chlorophyll content was observed. The ANFIS model provided more accurate predictions compared to RSM, particularly under optimal processing conditions. Additionally, the thermosonication-treated kiwi juice with bee bread (TS-KJB) exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, total flavonoid, and dietary fiber content. The findings demonstrate that thermosonication is an effective and sustainable technique for improving the functional and nutritional properties of bee bread-fortified kiwi juice. This approach offers a promising alternative for the production of additive- and preservative-free functional fruit juices.The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article. This research was funded by Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project Number (PNURSP2025R251), and by Ongoing Research Funding program (ORF-2025-1074), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Yazar(lar), bu makalenin araştırılması ve/veya yayınlanması için finansal destek aldıklarını beyan eder. Bu araştırma, Prenses Nourah Bint Abdulrahman Üniversitesi Araştırmacıları Destekleyici Proje Numarası (PNURSP2025R251) ve Devam Eden Araştırma Fonu programı (ORF-2025-1074) tarafından, Kral Suud Üniversitesi, Riyad, Suudi Arabistan tarafından finanse edilmiştir
PCOS phenotypes and hematological immune-inflammatory indices: A comparative evaluation
No full textTo evaluate hematological immune-inflammatory indices across different polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes and assess their potential as diagnostic biomarkers. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 89 women aged 18–40 years diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria, stratified into four phenotypes (A–D). Demographic, anthropometric, reproductive, biochemical, and hormonal data were extracted from clinical records. Hematological indices were calculated from complete blood counts. Group comparisons were performed using appropriate statistical tests, correlations with metabolic and hormonal parameters were assessed, and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors. Phenotype A demonstrated significantly higher body mass indeks (BMI), waist circumference, fasting glucose, insulin, and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) values compared with other phenotypes (all p < 0.01). Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) differed significantly across phenotypes, whereas Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) did not. ROC analysis revealed that SII had the highest discriminative ability (AUC=0.822, p < 0.001). NLR (AUC=0.663, p = 0.020) and MLR (AUC=0.642, p = 0.043) also showed moderate predictive value. Correlation analyses indicated positive associations of NLR and SII with total testosterone and Free Androgen Index (FAI), and negative correlations with Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Logistic regression identified BMI, SII, and LH/FSH ratio as independent pre dictors of specific phenotypes, further supporting their role as clinically relevant biomarkers. Hematological immune-inflammatory indices, particularly SII, may serve as cost-effective and accessible biomarkers for dis tinguishing PCOS phenotypes
Decoding surgical proficiency and complexity: A machine learning framework for robotic herniorrhaphy
No full textObjective To evaluate the predictive value of objective performance indicators (OPIs) for case complexity assessment and explore their role in quantifying skill acquisition during robotic ventral herniorrhaphy. Summary background data Despite advances in herniorrhaphy techniques, unclear metrics of case complexity have signifi cant implications for operative planning, resource allocation, and patient outcomes. While existing complexity definitions rely primarily on clinical factors external to operator behavior, the expanding adoption of robotic platforms in ventral her nia repair provides unprecedented access to quantifiable surgical performance metrics. However, the relationship between these objective performance indicators and both case complexity and skill development remains incompletely understood, representing a gap that machine learning approaches may help address. Methods OPI and clinical data from 561 consecutive robotic ventral hernia repairs over eight years were analyzed using iterative ensemble machine learning models to predict case complexity. Dimensional reduction analyses using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding tracked skill evolution, with Euclidean distances calculated between successive cases to quantify skill acquisition over time. Results Gradient boosting models integrating clinical and OPI variables achieved F1 score of 0.87, while OPIs alone scored 0.58. Longitudinal analysis revealed high OPI variability during early cases, stabilizing within 10 months despite increas ing case complexity, indicating skill acquisition may compensate for procedural difficulty. Dimensional reduction analyses captured this evolution through weighted Euclidean distances. Conclusions Objective performance indicators poorly predict case complexity independently, yet their temporal evolution reveals surgical skill acquisition. The concurrent stabilization of OPI stochasticity and progression to more complex cases demonstrates that surgical proficiency and complexity assessment are interdependent phenomena, establishing digital metrics as tools for understanding the dynamic relationship between surgeon learning and case difficulty
Investigation of the association between nitric oxide synthase gene variants and NAFLD in adolescents with obesity
No full textObjectives: The present study aimed to investigate whether nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme gene variants (iNOS rs1060826, eNOS rs1799983, eNOS 27-bp VNTR) play a role in the etiopathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) in adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with obese adolescents [body mass index (BMI) standard devia tion score (SDS) ≥2] aged 10–19 years (104 individuals) and age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (64 individuals) whose presence of NAFLD was determined by ultrasound. The iNOS rs1060826 and eNOS rs1799983 variants were performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Frag ment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, and the eNOS 27-bp VNTR variant was analyzed using the PCR method. The genotypes detected were compared between the patient group and the healthy controls and with the clinical parameters of the patients. Results: iNOS rs1060826 and eNOS rs1799983 were inde pendent of obesity, whereas eNOS 27-bp VNTR was inde pendent of NAFLD. However, in the obese group, especially in those with NAFLD (+), the iNOS rs1060826 GG genotype was found to be associated with lower diastolic blood pres sure (DBP) (p=0.011). Compared with the clinical parameters, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was higher in those carrying the eNOS rs1799983 gene variant-TT genotype in the NAFLD (+) group (p=0.051). Conclusions: While the three functional gene variants of the NOS enzyme did not show a significant difference in terms of genotype between patients and healthy controls, it was determined that both the iNOS rs1060826 gene variant GG allele was associated with low DBP and HOMA-IR may be higher in those carrying the eNOS rs1799983 gene variant TT genotype in NAFLD (+) patients. The iNOS rs1060826 poly morphism is a potentially important genetic variant that may influence DBP regulation through its effects on nitric oxide production
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage induced by epileptic seizure
No full textDiffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a rare but life-threatening complication of generalized tonic–clonic seizures. We describe a 28-year-old woman with no prior seizure history who experienced three consecutive generalized tonic–clonic seizures, followed by acute hemoptysis and dyspnea. Imaging confirmed diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, which responded rapidly to corticosteroid therapy. Seizure-induced DAH is an uncommon and underrecognized condition. This case underscores the importance of considering DAH in patients presenting with respiratory symptoms following seizures, even in the absence of underlying systemic disease
Clinical characteristics and development of complications differ between adult-onset and child–adolescent-onset type 1 diabetes: A report from a tertiary medical center in Türkiye
No full textBackground and Aims: The age-at-onset is of great importance in the heterogeneity of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study was designed to define clinical and laboratory differences between child–adolescent-onset and adult-onset T1DM at presentation and during follow-up and determine the predicting factors for developing microvascular and macrovascular complications. Material and Methods: This retrospective observational study evaluated T1DM patients who were followed in the diabetes outpatient clinic between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019. Results: The study cohort included 490 individuals with T1DM (54.3% female, 58.8% adult-onset, and median follow-up: 5 years). In the adult-onset group, baseline C-peptide and GADA prevalence were higher, whereas presentation with ketoacidosis was 2.3-fold lower compared to the child–adolescent-onset group (p < 0.001). During follow-up, the adult-onset group had a 2.4-fold higher overweight/obesity (p < 0.001) and 1.7-fold higher dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia (p = 0.002) than the child–adolescent-onset group. In multivariate analysis, fasting glucose (p = 0.024) in adult-onset, dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia (p = 0.037) in child–adolescent-onset, and diabetes duration (p = 0.008 and p = 0.007) and hypertension (p = 0.001 and p = 0.01) in both groups were associated with increased risk of microvascular complications, whereas age-at-onset (p = 0.024), dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia (p = 0.03), nephropathy (p = 0.003), and neuropathy (p = 0.001) in adult-onset and age (p = 0.002) and triglycerides (p = 0.013) in child–adolescent-onset groups were associated with increased risk of macrovascular complications. The cutoff C-peptide levels at baseline predicted microvascular complications in the whole cohort and adult-onset group were defined as 0.383 ng/mL (p < 0.001) and 0.41 ng/mL (p = 0.001), respectively. In the Kaplan–Meier analysis, C-peptide (< 0.383 ng/mL) but not age-at-onset predicted future development of microvascular and macrovascular complications (p = 0.003 and p = 0.032). Conclusion: Clinical presentation and prognosis differ in adult-onset and child–adolescent-onset T1DM. Low initial C-peptide may predict the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications
Chia seeds-based gel electrolyte for sustainable and stable zinc ion batteries
No full textAqueous zinc batteries represent a promising option for energy storage and conversion technologies in the "post-lithium" era, owing to their elevated energy density, enhanced safety, and affordability. Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (RZBs) are recognized as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries due to their cost-effectiveness, safe-and-sustainable by-design, and scalability. Nonetheless, their performance is hindered by inadequate cyclability, which is attributed to dendrite formation and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) occurring at the zinc anode [1]
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS): Neural therapy as a key to pain reduction and quality of life
No full textFibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a complex chronic pain disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive impairments. Its global prevalence is estimated at 2–3%, with women between the ages of 30 and 60 being most commonly affected. The pathophysiology of FMS is multifactorial, involving central sensitization processes, dysfunctions of pain inhibition mechanisms, and chronic inflammatory and neuroendocrine disturbances. Pathophysiological Mechanisms: Central sensitization: Increased pain processing in the central nervous system. Neuroendocrine dysfunction: Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, altered cortisol and serotonin levels. Lymphatic dysfunction: Edema, inflammation, and accumulation of toxins. Silent inflammation: Chronic inflammatory processes with elevated cytokine activity (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6). Neural Therapy as a Treatment Approach Neural therapy addresses autonomic dysregulation and restores the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Key therapeutic strategies include: Local infiltrations: Procaine or lidocaine injections to reduce pain sensitivity. Segmental therapy: Treatment of spinal reflex zones to regulate the autonomic nervous system. Interference field therapy: Identification and treatment of chronic irritative foci. Adjunctive measures, such as manual lymphatic drainage, anti-inflammatory nutrition, and micronutrient therapy, can enhance treatment efficacy. The combination of neural therapy and regulatory medicine shows promising results in reducing pain, improving sleep quality, and restoring quality of life
Protective effects of boric acid on HBV-transgenic mice with chronic alcohol consumption: An experimental study
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the protective effect of boric acid supplementation against liver damage in chronic alcohol-dependent HBV transgenic mice. The HBV transgenic mice were divided into four groups: control (C), boric acid(B), alcohol(A), and alcohol + boric acid(A + B). Blood alcohol concentration (BAC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), reactive oxygen species(ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS) levels, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were examined biochemically. H&E, PAS, Masson trichrome, and TUNEL staining were performed. Caspase 3, cytochrome c, and APAF-1 expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR. The alcohol group exhibited significantly higher levels of ROS, MDA, TOS, OSI, and mRNA expressions of Cytochrome c, caspase 3, and APAF-1, while TAS level and CAT activity were significantly lower compared to the boric acid group. Compared to the control group, the alcohol group exhibited significantly increased TOS, OSI, AST levels, APAF-1 mRNA expression, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells, along with a reduction in GPx activity (p < 0.05). However, in the alcohol + boric acid group, TOS and AST levels were significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.05), and TOS was higher compared to the boric acid group (p < 0.01). Among the boron-treated groups, only the TOS level was lower in the boric acid group compared to the alcohol + boric acid group (p < 0.01). Histopathological examination revealed reduced sinusoidal dilatation and connective tissue distribution in the boric acid-supplemented groups. These findings suggest that boric acid supplementation may mitigate oxidative damage and histopathological alterations associated with chronic alcohol consumption in HBV-transgenic mice.This study was supported by the Istanbul Bilim University TTO 02–066209 project.
Bu çalışma, İstanbul Bilim Üniversitesi TTO 02–066209 projesi tarafından desteklenmiştir
Assessment of primary school teachers' knowledge of the emergency management of traumatic dental injuries and their awareness of the toothsos mobile application
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin travmatik diş yaralanmalarına (TDY) yönelik acil müdahale bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek ve ToothSOS mobil uygulamasına ilişkin farkındalıklarını incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma, nicel, tanımlayıcı ve karşılaştırmalı bir araştırma tasarımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. İstanbul’daki devlet okullarında görev yapan toplam 150 sınıf öğretmeni çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırma üç aşamada yürütülmüştür: (1) öğretmenlerin TDY konusundaki bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla ön anket uygulanmıştır, (2) okul ziyareti yapılarak ToothSOS uygulaması içeriğine dayalı bilgilendirici broşür dağıtılmış ve eğitim verilmiştir, (3) iki hafta sonra aynı katılımcılara son anket uygulanmıştır. Veriler, geçerliliği kanıtlanmış anketlerden uyarlanan yapılandırılmış bir form aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Eğitim öncesinde, katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğunun özellikle diş avülsiyonu gibi durumlarda uygun ilk yardım bilgisine sahip olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Eğitim müdahalesi sonrasında, öğretmenlerin bilgi düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış gözlemlenmiştir. Özellikle avülse dişin doğru saklama ortamı ve replasman süreci konusundaki bilgi düzeyi dikkat çekici şekilde artmıştır. Ayrıca, ToothSOS mobil uygulamasına yönelik farkındalık ve uygulamanın faydalı bulunma oranı da önemli ölçüde yükselmiştir. Sonuç: ToothSOS mobil uygulamasının içeriğine dayalı bilgilendirici broşür ile desteklenen eğitim müdahalesi, sınıf öğretmenlerinin TDY’ye yönelik acil müdahale bilgilerini anlamlı düzeyde artırmıştır. Dijital araçların okul temelli sağlık eğitimlerine entegrasyonu, travma sonrası doğru ilk yardım uygulamalarının yaygınlaştırılmasına katkı sağlayabilir.Aim: This study aimed to determine the emergency response knowledge levels of primary school teachers regarding traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) and to examine their awareness of the ToothSOS mobile application. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and comparative study design was employed. A total of 150 primary school teachers working in public schools in Istanbul voluntarily participated. The study was conducted in three phases: (1) initial questionnaire assessing baseline knowledge of TDIs, (2) educational intervention including a school visit and distribution of an informative brochure based on the content of the ToothSOS app, and (3) post-intervention questionnaire administered two weeks later. Data were collected through a structured survey adapted from previously validated instruments. Results: Findings indicated that prior to the intervention, the majority of participants had insufficient knowledge about appropriate emergency procedures for TDIs, particularly in avulsion cases. After the educational intervention, there was a statistically significant improvement in participants' knowledge levels, especially concerning appropriate storage media for avulsed teeth and replantation procedures. Additionally, the awareness and perceived usefulness of the ToothSOS application increased markedly. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that targeted educational materials, including brochures based on the ToothSOS mobile application, can significantly enhance the emergency response knowledge of primary school teachers regarding TDIs. Integrating digital tools into school-based health education may contribute to better dental trauma outcomes by enabling prompt and informed first aid responses