İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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Principles and applications of computeraided design (cad) and computeraided manufacturing (cam) in maxillofacial surgery
No full textMaxillofacial surgery requires precise repair and treatment of complex anatomical structures. Accord ingly, computeraided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems provide significant advantages in designing patientspecific implants, producing surgical guides and optimizing preoperative planning processes. In particular, 3D printing technology offers a revolutionary innovation in the production of personalized implants and surgical guides. In maxillofacial surgery, biocompatible materials such as titanium, PEEK (polyetheretherketone), bioceramics and biological graft materials are frequently preferred for their tissue compatibility, mechanical durability and aesthetic advantages. CAD/CAM systems have advantages such as surgical precision, shorter operative times and patient satisfaction. However, there are challenges such as limitations of the technology and high cost. CAD/CAM systems are expected to develop further in the future. The potential offered by nextgeneration technologies in the field of maxillofacial surgery is demonstrated, and it is expected that these innovations will be increasingly used in clinical practice
Physical activity and intuitive eating in older adults with type 2 diabetes: A behavioral health perspective
No full textAs the global population continues to age, older adults face a higher burden of disease and multiple health conditions compared to younger people. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is among the most common chronic illnesses for this age group. With aging, reduced insulin sensitivity and less control over eating habits can lead to problems in blood sugar regulation and increase the risk of developing T2DM. Intuitive eating, which involves responding to internal cues of hunger and fullness rather than following external dietary rules, has emerged as a relevant concept in diabetes care. Likewise, physical activity remains a key factor in managing the disease. This study explores the physical activity and intuitive eating in individuals aged 65 and older with T2DM.FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P./ Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., Grant/Award Number UIDB/04748/2020 Life Quality Research Center (Centro de Investigação Qualidade de Vida)
FCT – Bilim ve Teknoloji Vakfı, F.İ.P./ Bilim ve Teknoloji Vakfı, F.İ.P., Hibe/Ödül Numarası UIDB/04748/2020 Yaşam Kalitesi Araştırma Merkez
Arama yeteneklerinin geliştirilmesi yapay zeka tabanlı literatür taraması
No full textBilgi hacminin hızla artması, geleneksel anahtar kelime aramalarını yetersiz kılmakta ve önemli çalışmaların gözden kaçmasına yol açmaktadır. Yapay zekâ destekli sistemler, literatür taramalarının verimliliğini ve kapsamını artırma potansiyeline sahiptir
Effect of slow versus rapid advancement of enteral feeding on intestinal oxygenation in preterm infants
No full textBackground/Objectives: The optimal rate of enteral feeding advancement in preterm infants remains uncertain despite decades of clinical research. This uncertainty arises from concerns that rapid feeding progression may increase the risk of feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), two major causes of morbidity and mortality in this population. The feeding rate may also influence intestinal oxygenation due to mesen teric hemodynamic changes during feeding. This study aimed to evaluate whether the rate of enteral feeding advancement (slow vs. rapid) affects intestinal oxygenation and its association with feeding intolerance (FI) or necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight preterm infants. Methods: This prospective, randomized, two-center study in cluded infants born at 28–32 weeks of gestation. Group 1 received slow advancement (20 mL/kg/day) and Group 2 rapid advancement (30 mL/kg/day) of enteral feeds. Splanchnic (srSO2) and cerebral (crSO2) oxygenation were monitored daily using the FDA approved INVOS NIRS device during feeding periods (08:00–16:00). Monitoring was per formed during minimal enteral nutrition (Phase 1), advancement phases (Phase 2), and for two days after achieving full enteral feeding (Phase 3). The splanchnic-to-cerebral oxygena tion ratio (SCOR) was also calculated. Percentage changes in srSO2 and SCOR during and after feeding were calculated from baseline (prefeeding) values and analyzed. Results: Sixty infants were enrolled. Mean gestational age and birth weight were 29.76 ± 1.33 weeks and 1375.05 ± 271.19 g, respectively. Group 2 achieved full enteral feeding significantly earlier (p = 0.001), with no other demographic differences between groups. No cases of NEC were observed. Feeding intolerance occurred in 14 infants (23.3%): 8 in Group 1 and 6 in Group 2 (p = 0.192). Both groups exhibited increased srSO2 and SCOR during feeding; however, the between-group differences were not statistically significant (Phase 2 srSO2 and SCOR: p = 0.07, 0.08; Phase 3 srSO2 and SCOR: p = 0.069, 0.071). However, the percentage change from baseline in srSO2 and SCOR during and after feeding was significantly greater in Group 2 during the advancement and full enteral feeding phases (Phase 2 srSO2 and SCOR: p = 0.03, 0.022; Phase 3 srSO2 and SCOR: p = 0.015, 0.048). Infants with feeding intolerance demonstrated significantly lower srSO2 and SCOR values compared to tolerant infants, and this reduction persisted even after reaching full enteral feeding. ROC analysis sug gested gestational age < 30 weeks, birth weight < 1180 g, srSO2 < 52, and SCOR < 0.6 were associated with feeding intolerance. Conclusions: Intermittent bolus feeding increased intestinal oxygenation, with a more pronounced effect in the rapid advancement group. No difference in gastrointestinal adverse outcomes was observed between groups. Lower in testinal oxygenation was associated with feeding intolerance, and the suggested predictive criteria may help guide individualized feeding strategies
Evaluation of pediatric dentists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the use of lasers
No full textThis study aims to evaluate pediatric dentists’ knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practices regarding the use of laser tech nology. Additionally, it seeks to identify educational needs to support the accurate and effective implementation of laser applications in pediatric dentistry. The study received ethical approval from the Non-Interventional Research Ethics Com mittee of ………….University. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed via email and social media. A total of 233 volunteer pediatric dentists participated in the survey, which included 26 questions across five sections: sociodemographic data, knowledge, attitudes, clinical practices regarding laser use in pediatric dentistry, and laser-related training. Participation was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained at the beginning of the survey. The results of the study showed that 85.8% of pediatric dentists were knowledgeable about the use of lasers in pediatric dentistry. How ever, this knowledge was not fully reflected in clinical practice. It was found that only 35.2% of pediatric dentists had performed laser-assisted procedures. Among these, the most frequently performed procedures were frenectomy (73.2%) and the exposure of unerupted teeth (64.6%). Knowledge and attitude scores were significantly higher among dentists aged 41–50 and those with more than 20 years of professional experience (p<0.05). 73.8% of the participants stated that laser education should be integrated into pediatric dentistry training programs.There are variations in pediatric dentists’ knowledge and clinical practices regarding the use of lasers. To ensure the safe and effective use of this technology, edu cational opportunities need to be improved
From surgery to sports career: The long-term fate of athletes with discoid meniscus
No full textObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of different surgical techniques for discoid meniscus in athletes. Design: This retrospective cohort study included 44 athletes (51 knees) who underwent arthroscopic surgery for symptomatic discoid meniscus between 1996 and 2019. Setting: The study was conducted at a tertiary-level sports medicine center. Patients: Athletes aged 15 to 35 years with symptomatic discoid meniscus confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and requiring surgical treatment were included. Exclusion criteria were cartilage injuries (Outerbridge grades 3-4), concomitant ligament injuries requiring surgery, osteochondritis dissecans, and prior knee surgery. Interventions: Patients underwent arthroscopic partial, subtotal, or total meniscectomy, with or without meniscus repair. Main outcome measures: Functional outcomes were assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), and Lysholm scores. Osteoarthritis progression was evaluated using the Kellgren-Lawrence classification. Return to sports time and total career duration were also recorded and compared between the surgical groups. Results: The mean follow-up was 13.5 ± 6.2 years (range: 5-27 years). At the final follow-up, 72% of the meniscus-preserving group (partial meniscectomy and repair) had KL grade 0 osteoarthritis, whereas 38% of the subtotal/total meniscectomy group developed KL grades 3 to 4 osteoarthritis (P < 0.001). All groups showed significant postoperative functional improvements (P < 0.001), but career duration and return to play time were significantly longer in the meniscus-preserving group (P = 0.004, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Subtotal/total meniscectomy significantly accelerates osteoarthritis progression. Meniscus-preserving techniques provide better long-term outcomes
Dietary supplement use among amateur bodybuilders in Türkiye: A preliminary report
No full textDietary supplements (DS) are of great interest among bodybuilders today due to their performance-enhancing and muscle development-supporting effects. However, unconscious use of these products can lead to adverse health consequences. Especially among amateur athletes, risk factors increase due to a lack of information, misdirection, and information from unreliable sources. This research aimed to examine the habits of sports supplement usage, frequency of use, preferred types of supplements, and motivation sources for these habits among amateur athletes in Türkiye.FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P./ Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., Grant/Award Number UIDB/04748/2020 Life Quality Research Center (Centro de Investigação Qualidade de Vida)
FCT – Bilim ve Teknoloji Vakfı, F.İ.P./ Bilim ve Teknoloji Vakfı, F.İ.P., Hibe/Ödül Numarası UIDB/04748/2020 Yaşam Kalitesi Araştırma Merkez
Oyun bağımlılığı ve hipertansiyon: Güncel bir inceleme
No full textOyun bağımlılığı, dijital oyunların aşırı ve kontrolsüz bir şekilde oynan ması sonucu ortaya çıkan bir davranışsal bağımlılık türüdür (Grüsser et al., 2007). Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO), 2018 yılında “oyun oynama bozukluğu”nu (gaming disorder) Uluslararası Hastalık Sınıflandırması (ICD-11) kapsamına alarak, bu durumun ciddiyetini resmen tanımıştır (WHO, 2018). Gü nümüzde özellikle çocuk ve adolesanlar arasında yaygınlaşan bu durum, bireylerin fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir (Kuss & Grif fiths, 2012). Yapılan çalışmalar, çocuk ve ergenlerde oyun bağımlılığı prevalansının %5-10 arasında değiştiğini ve bu oranın pandemi döneminde daha da arttığını göstermektedir (King et al., 2020; Paulus et al., 2018). Bu yaş grubunda oyun bağımlılığı, sadece psikolojik sorunlara değil, aynı zamanda fizyolojik sağlık prob lemlerine de yol açabilmektedi
A novel model for early prediction of in hospital mortality in seawater drowning: The SNOP score
No full textBackground Drowning is a leading cause of preventable mortality worldwide; however, early in-hospital risk stratification remains limited. Although tools such as the Szpilman score assist in early severity assessment, they may not fully capture the evolving clinical status after admission. This study aimed to develop a simplified and objective model based on readily available parameters to predict in-hospital mortality following seawater drowning. Methods This retrospective study was conducted at a referral emergency department (ED) in northern Turkey between July 1, 2011, and December 31, 2024. Of 190 patients initially included, 166 with complete clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. Data were obtained from institutional and national health information systems. Clinical, physiological, and biochemical variables were assessed. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were identified using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and multivariable logistic regression. Variables with near-perfect discrimination (e.g., GCS, pH, Szpilman score) were excluded to avoid overfitting. Results Among the 166 patients, 34 (20.5%) died during hospitalization. CPR and endotracheal intubation rates were significantly higher among non-survivors (CPR: 97.1% vs. 0%; intubation: 97.1% vs. 2.3%; both p<0.001). Non survivors also presented with lower GCS (median 3 vs. 15), lower arterial pH, and higher Szpilman scores (all p<0.001). ROC analysis identified four potential predictors with AUC values between 0.90 and 0.95—pCO₂, lactate, SpO₂, and sodium—all showing significant discriminatory capacity (p<0.001). These variables were entered into a binary logistic regression model, from which serum sodium (OR=2.110; 95% CI: 1.310–3.401; p=0.002) and SpO₂ (OR=0.902; 95% CI: 0.847–0.961; p=0.001) emerged as independent predictors. These formed the basis of the SNOP score (Saturation and Natremia-based Outcome Predictor), a two-parameter logistic model demonstrating excellent performance: AUC=0.996, sensitivity=99.0%, specificity=96.2%, and overall accuracy=98.4%. Conclusion: The SNOP score is a simple, ED-specific tool for early prediction of in-hospital mortality in seawater drowning. It complements existing assessment systems by incorporating objective, admission-based parameters. Prospective multicenter validation is warranted to confirm its clinical applicability and support broader implementation
An AI-powered mobile application for aroid identification and interactive learning: Enhancing pharmacognosy education through deep learning and NLP
No full textAroid plants (Araceae family), recognized for their distinct inflorescence, possess significant botanical, pharmaceutical, and practical importance due to their content of both beneficial compounds and toxins such as calcium oxalate crystals. Accurate identification of these species is particularly crucial in pharmacy education; however, morphological similarities among Aroid species often lead to confusion among students. This paper presents a deep learning-based mobile application designed to support both plant identification and interactive learning. The solution leverages EfficientNet and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures, achieving up to 96 % accuracy in classifying Aroid species. The visual classification model, trained on a comprehensive dataset, is deployed via a RESTful API and integrated within a Flutter-based mobile application. In addition, the app incorporates a Natural Language Processing (NLP)-powered chatbot to address user inquiries regarding plant characteristics and care. While technical evaluations demonstrate robust model performance, a comprehensive user evaluation aimed at assessing the system's educational value, usability, and chatbot interaction is planned as future work. This study underscores the potential of AI-driven mobile solutions in advancing pharmacognosy education, with future developments aimed at expanding the app's botanical scope and enhancing user engagement based on forthcoming survey results