İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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A bibliometric analysis of artificial ıntelligence based diet recommendations
No full textAmaç Bu çalışmanın amacı yapay zekâ (YZ) destekli kişiselleştirilmiş diyet sistemlerine ilişkin bilimsel literatürü eleştirel ve bibliyometrik yöntemlerle inceleyerek eğilimleri, uygulama örneklerini ve araştırma boşluklarını belirlemektir. Yöntem Son 10 yıllık süreçte YZ-destekli beslenme önerilerine ilişkin Pubmed, Scopus ve Google Akademik veri tabanlarında yayınlanan makaleler içerik, etkinlik ve güvenilirlik açısından eleştirel bir perspektiften incelenmiştir. Bibliyometrik analiz kapsamında ise Scopus veri tabanından “[AI-based] AND [nutrition] OR [diet] AND [recommendation]” arama koduyla ulaşılan ve 2016-2024 yılları arasında yayımlanan 24 makale VOSviewer yazılımı kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular YZ destekli beslenme önerilerinin diyabet, obezite, irritabl bağırsak sendromu (IBS) gibi metabolik hastalıklar ve yeme bozukluklarında sıklıkla kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Eş-zamanlı kullanılan anahtar kelimelerin bibliometrik analizinde ise ontology, artificial intelligence, nutrition, deep learning, ai, machine learning, nlp ve random forest dikkat çekmektedir. Bu konuda en sık makale yayınlayan ve en çok atıf alan ülkeler Hindistan, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Birleşik Krallık ve Yunanistan olarak sıralanmaktadır. Sonuç YZ destekli kişiselleştirilmiş diyet sistemleri; mikrobiyom profilleri, genetik belirteçler, metabolik durum ve yaşam tarzı gibi bireye özgü verilerin entegrasyonu ile beslenme önerileri sunan yenilikçi bir alandır. Yapay zeka alanında kaydedilen tüm bu gelişmelere rağmen literatürde veri güvenliği, etik kaygılar, doğrulama eksikliği ve algoritma şeffaflığı alanlarında eksikliklerin olduğu ve kültürel beslenme alışkanlıklarının yeterince göz önünde bulundurulmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Gelecekte multidisipliner olarak planlanacak araştırmalarla bu eksikliklerin giderilerek alanın gerek bilim insanları gerekse klinisyenler arasında yaygınlaşması beklenmektedir.Purpose This study aims to determine trends, application practices, and research gaps by critical and bibliometric methods examining the scientific literature on artificial intelligence (AI) supported personalized diet systems. Method Over the last 10 years, studies on AI-supported nutrition recommendations published in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, were reviewed through a critical lens in terms of content, effectiveness, and reliability. For the bibliometric component, 24 articles published between 2016 and 2024 were identified in the Scopus database using the search string “[AI-based] AND [nutrition] OR [diet] AND [recommendation]” and analyzed using VOSviewer software. Findings It has been found that AI-supported nutritional recommendations are frequently used in metabolic diseases and eating disorders such as diabetes, obesity, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In the bibliometric analysis of co-occurrence keywords, ontology, artificial intelligence, nutrition, deep learning, AI, machine learning, NLP, and random forest attract attention. The countries that publish articles most frequently and receive the most citations on this subject are India, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Greece. Conclusion AI-driven personalized diet systems innovative field that offers nutrition recommendations by integrating individualized data such as microbiome profiles, genetic markers, metabolic status, and lifestyle factors. Despite all these developments in artificial intelligence, it has been determined that there are deficiencies in the literature on data security, ethical concerns, lack of verification, algorithm transparency, and cultural nutrition habits that are not sufficiently considered. Future interdisciplinary studies are expected to overcome these limitations and contribute to the broader adoption of these systems among researchers and clinicians
Green light and intermittent lighting modulate testicular gonadotropin inhibitory hormone without central or morphological effects in broiler chickens
No full textEnvironmental factors, especially light duration and wavelength (colour), affect reproductive physiology in broilers. In birds, light is perceived especially by extraretinal photoreceptors in the brain, including the hy pothalamus, which regulates reproductive function. Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), expressed in both the hypothalamus and gonads, suppresses gonadotropin release and modulates reproductive activity. Its expression is influenced by photoperiod and light colour. Rooster fertility is economically important, as one male can inseminate many females. This study investigated how green light and intermittent lighting affect GnIH levels and testicular development in prepubertal broiler males. 288 one-day-old male commer cial broilers (Ross-308) were divided into four groups (n=12) and exposed to: Group I, 18 hours light - 6 hours dark (18L:6D) with white light; Group II, 18L:6D with green light; Group III, 17L:3D:1L:3D with white light; and Group IV, 17L:3D:1L:3D with green light. The study was conducted in four identical ex perimental rooms, each consisting of six pens (replicates). Two male broilers were randomly selected from each pen. A total of 48 chickens, 2 males from each pen (replicate group), were randomly selected for analysis. After 42 days under standard conditions, GnIH levels were measured in the hypothalamus and testes via ELISA. Testicular development was assessed histologically by evaluating seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelial height. Results showed that intermittent lighting and green light significantly in creased testicular GnIH levels but had no effect on hypothalamic GnIH. The most pronounced increase in testicular GnIH was observed in Group IV, which received both intermittent lighting and green light. No significant differences were observed in testicular morphology. These findings suggest that intermittent lighting and green light may selectively influence gonadal GnIH levels without affecting central GnIH or morphology, offering insight into how lighting strategies may be optimized in poultry production
A hybrid approach to credit risk assessment using bill payment habits data and explainable artificial intelligence
No full textCredit risk is one of the most important issues in the rapidly growing and devel oping finance sector. This study utilized a dataset containing real information about the bill payments of individuals who made transactions with a payment institution operating in Turkey. First, the transactions in the dataset were analyzed based on the bill type and the individual and features reflecting the payment habits were extracted. For the target class, real credit scores generated by the Credit Registry Office for the individuals whose payment habits were extracted were used. The dataset is a multi-class, unbalanced, and alternative dataset. Therefore, the dataset was prepared for the analysis by using data cleaning, feature selection, and sampling techniques. Then, the dataset was classified using various classification and evaluation methods. The best results were obtained with a model consisting of ANOVA F-Test, SMOTE, and Extra Tree algorithms. With this model, 80.49% accuracy, 79.89% precision, and 97.04% UAC rate were obtained. These results are quite efficient for an alternative dataset with 10 classes. This model was transformed into an explainable and interpretable form using LIME and SHAP, which are XAI techniques. This study presents a new hybrid model for credit risk assessment based on a multi-class and imbalanced alternative dataset and machine learning
Economic determinants of nonperforming loans in Turkey: Quantile ARDL results
No full textIn the banking sector, problems in repaying customers’ credits can increase credit risk and fragility. Therefore, it is of great importance for banks to monitor the status of non-performing loans (NPLs) closely. This study analyzes the macroeconomic factors affecting NLPs in the Turkish banking sector. It used ARDL and QARDL approaches and data for 2011M5-2024M9 in the study. According to the long-run estimation results of the ARDL model, inflation and industrial production affect the NLPs in the opposite direction. In contrast, unemployment, the exchange rate, and interest rates affect it in the same direction. The estimation results are consistent with economic theory and the literature. The QARDL estimation results show that lnCPI (τ=0.2 to τ=0.8) has negative and significant coefficients in most quantiles (τ). The coefficients for lnPMI are generally negative and statistically insignificant. The lnUNE variable has positive and significant coefficients at most levels τ (τ=0.1 to τ=0.8). The estimation results for lnEXC show that the overall effect of the variable on NPL is positive and significant. The coefficients of interest rates are generally positive and significant. For the increase in the NLPs to remain at an acceptable threshold level for the banking sector and the Turkish economy, it is critical that the credit risk assessment system at the banking level works effectively and efficiently on the one hand and that macroeconomic indicators in the Turkish economy are supportive of the credit repayment conditions of economic agents on the other
Anterior çapraz kapanış görülen karma dişlenmede hareketli aparey tedavisi 2 vaka sunumu
No full textGiriş ve Amaç Croll (1984), maksiller dişin palatal malpozisyonu ve temasta olduğu mandibuler dişin labial konumlanmasını ‘dental anterior çapraz kapanış’ olarak tanımlamıştır (1). Genelde erken karma dentisyon döneminde görülen ve süt dişlerine gelen travma, düzensiz sürme paterni, süt dişinin geç exfoliyasyonu, süpernümerer diş veya odontomalar benzeri sebeplerle sürekli dişlerin anormal erupsiyonuna bağlıdır (2,3). Anterior çapraz kapanış, diş sert dokularında aşınma, periodontal problemlere, estetik kaygıya ve asimetrilere sebep olabilir (4,5). Bu posterin amacı, erken karışık dişlenme döneminde anterior çapraz kapanışın durdurucu ortodontik tedavi ile nasıl yönetileceğini göstermektir. Analiz edilen klinik vakalarda, anterior çapraz kapanış teşhis edilmiştir. Anterior çapraz kapanış, sınıf III maloklüzyon büyüme paternine yol açabilecek olumsuz bir oklüzal durumdur. Doğru bir sagital çene ilişkisine ulaşmak için erken tedavi yaklaşımı önerilmektedir. Dolayısıyla, uygulanan tedavi dentoalveolar ilişki üzerinde etkili olmayı, posterior dikey boyut ve çenelerin sagital ilişkisini korumayı amaçlamaktadır. Olgular 8 yıl 4 ay ve 8 yıl 8 aylık 2 erkek hasta ön dişindeki çapraşıklık şikayetiyle kliniğe başvurmuştur. Hastalardan alınan anamnez ve klinik değerlendirme doğrultusunda sistemik olarak sağlıklı sınıf I sagital molar ilişkisine sahiplerdir.Hastaların 21 numaralı dişlerinde anterior çapraz kapanış mevcuttur. Çapraz kapanıştaki dişlerin tedavisi için hareketli müteharik aparey planlanmıştır. Yapılan apareye labiolingual zemberek ilave edilmiştir. Sonuç Karma dişlenme döneminde, kesici dişleri etkileyen ön çapraz kapanış, kısa zaman içerisinde sabit veya hareketli apareylerle başarıyla düzeltilebilir
Investigation of photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using zinc oxide-supported chitosan hydrogel beads
No full textIn this study, chitosan-based ZnO supported hydrogels (CZ–H) were synthesized to evaluatetheir photocatalytic degradation performance against methyl orange (MO) dye. The compos-ite hydrogels were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis DRS, ScanningElectron Microscopy (SEM-EDS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Fourier TransformInfrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). These characterization results confirmed the successful forma-tion of the CZ–H composite structure. The band gap of the composite was approximately2.77 eV, supporting enhanced photocatalytic activity. Photocatalytic experiments showedthat CZ–H removed 74% of MO within 60 min, compared to 42% for pure chitosan beads,with reaction rate constants of 0.0237 min−1 and 0.0113 min−1, respectively. Moreover, theCZ–H beads demonstrated good reusability with minimal loss in efficiency over multiplecycles. These findings highlight the potential of CZ–H as a stable, effective, and reusablephotocatalyst for the efficient removal of dyes from wastewater
Evaluation of the relationship between pneumatization of mastoid process, articular eminence and glenoid fossa on CBCT
No full textBackground: Pneumatization refers to air-filled spaces within the bone. The studies about articular tubercle/eminence pneumatization were only few in numbers with unclear information regarding the data on pneumatization in this region. PAT may become predisposed to the spread of inflammatory processes along the temporomandibular joint. Traumatic occlusion, one of the triggers of the TMJ inflammatory process, can occur during conservative dentistry treatment which requires the attention of a dentist to avoid TMJ disorder. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, characteristics and relationships of mastoid process pneumatization (MPP), articular tubercle/eminence pneumatization (PAT), and glenoid fossa pneumatization (PGF) in one population in Turkey by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: In total, 739 of CBCT images were examined retrospectively. The prevalences of the pneumatization by age, gender, laterality and locularity were detected. Independent t-test and the chi-square test for the significance of differences between variables. Results: Apneumatic type MPP was detected in 3.1% of cases, partial pneumatic type MPP in 33.6%, pneumatic type MPP in 63.3% of cases. PGF was detected in 28.0% of the sides and PAT in 23.7% of cases. There was no statistically significant relationship found between the presence of PAT and PGF with gender and age (p>0.05). In 45 cases with a pneumatic type MPP, PGF was not observed in any of them, while no PAT was determined in 44 (97.8%) of 45 cases. Pneumatic type mastoid was detected in 309 (92.8%) of 333 cases with multilocular PGF and in 89 (82.4%) of 108 cases with unilocular PGF. There was a statistically significant relationship found between MPP and PAT with PGF types (p <0.05). Conclusion: It is necessary to detect these air gaps before TMJ surgery to prevent complications during and after the operation. It will be more accurate if PAT and PGF are assessed on 3D technics than on 2D radiographs. Relationship between MPP pneumatization degree and PAT and PGF can help for understanding the features and functions of PAT and PGF, it has been considered useful to also determine the prevalence and characteristics of PAT in a population of traumatic patients of occlusion treatment and to examine the possible relationship between traumatic types of occlusions and pneumatized articular eminence
Minimalism in Samuel Beckett’s breath (1969)
No full textBeckettian poetics of, less is more, finds meaning in a meaningless universe where minimalism, diminution, condensation and decline are explored reducing theatrical performance to its barest elements. In his contribution to Kenneth Tynan’s Oh!Calcutta! (1969), Breath (1969) acts as the Prologue of the Off-Broadway play. Beckett presents a hauntingly simple and profoundly thought-provoking play, confirming his mastery of minimalist drama. Lasting less than a minute, the play Breath (1969) features no characters, dialogue or conventional narrative. Rather, Beckett presents an abstract meditation on existence via sound, light and a visual composition of debri
Challenges and strategies in effective nursing leadership: Viewpoints of nurses in management positions – A qualitative study
No full textPurpose – To explore the viewpoints of nurses in management positions on the challenges they face and the strategies they use to promote effective leadership in the nursing workplace. Design/methodology/approach – This qualitative study involved 42 Brazilian nurses in management positions, working in various settings across Brazil, who responded to open-ended online questions between January 1, 2025 and February 15, 2025. Findings – Five themes were identified: (1) highlighted leadership styles, (2) difficulties of leading the nursing team, (3)strategies used to solve problemsin the leadership process, (4) learning to lead and (5) making nursing leadership more effective. Research limitations/implications – The study presents important perspectives from nurses in managerial positions on the key role that effective leadership plays in fostering healthy work environments in nursing. Nevertheless, it hassome limitations, including the use ofself-report questionnaires, regional imbalance among participants, potential bias due to data analysis being conducted by a single researcher and the absence of an assessment based on the leader–member exchange framework. Practical implications – Nurses in management positions recognize the importance of empowering team members. Nurse managersshould receive proper education to competently assume theirleadership responsibilities. Originality/value – The study highlights the need to revise nursing curricula to incorporate early and continuous leadership education, supported by ongoing in-service programs. It also emphasizes the importance of fostering team cohesion through open communication, mutual respect and shared goals. Additionally, it is pointed out that upper managementshould empower nurse leaders at all levels and provide regular, constructive feedback to support effective leadership
Farklı hücre tiplerinde kültür koşullarının mitokondriyal dinamikler üzerine etkisi
No full textAim: Mitochondria continuously undergo fusion and fission processes to maintain their structural integrity and function and mitochondrial dynamics can vary between cells representing various pathologies. Culture conditions such as seeding density, passage number, and incubation time, which are commonly manipulated in cell culture studies, may influence mitochondrial morphology. The observation that the same cell line can exhibit both fusion and fission dominant phenotypes suggests that culture conditions play a role in shaping mitochondrial dynamics. This study aims to investigate the effects of in vitro culture conditions on mitochondrial dynamics. Material and Method: A549 (human lung cancer cells), BEAS-2B (human bronchial epithelial cells), MCF7 (human breast cancer cells), A375 (human malignant melanoma cells), and RPE1 (human retinal pigment epithelial cells) were incubated at early (passage 10–12) and late (passage 20–22) passages under varying seeding densities and durations (24, 48, and 72 hours). Mitochondria were stained with MitoTracker Green, and morphological analysis was performed using fluorescence microscopy. Mitochondrial fragmentation was assessed using ImageJ Fiji software, and statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad software. Results: In all cell lines, the culture condition of 100,000 cells for 24 hours was used as the control group, and mitochondrial fragmentation was observed to vary depending on cell type, incubation duration, and cell density. In A549 cells, fragmentation at 48 hours with 100,000 cells was found to be five times higher compared to 72 hours with 80,000 cells. In MCF-7 cells, fragmentation at 72 hours with 80,000 cells was approximately 1.6 times higher than at 48 hours with 170,000 cells. In BEAS-2B and RPE1 cells, no significant changes in mitochondrial dynamics were observed in response to incubation time or cell density. Conclusion: Prolonged culture duration increases mitochondrial fusion in A549 cells, whereas both incubation time and cell density notably affect mitochondrial fission in MCF7 cells. In contrast, mitochondrial dynamics in BEAS-2B and RPE1 cells are not significantly influenced by incubation time or cell density. These findings suggest that cell type–specific culture conditions can have distinct impacts on mitochondrial morphology.Amaç: Mitokondriler, yapısal bütünlük ve fonksiyonlarını korumak için sürekli füzyon ve fizyon süreçlerinden geçmektedir. Mitokondri dinamikleri, farklı kökene sahip ya da çeşitli patolojileri temsil eden hücrelerde farklılık gösterebilmektedir. Hücre kültürü çalışmalarında yaygın olarak kullanılan bu hücrelerde, ekim yoğunluğu, pasaj sayısı ve inkübasyon süresi gibi kültür koşulları, mitokondri morfolojisi ve dinamikleri üzerinde belirleyici rol oynamaktadır. Aynı hücre hattının hem füzyon hem de fizyon-dominant fenotipler göstermesi, kültür koşullarının mitokondri dinamiklerini şekillendirmede rolü olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Bu çalışma, hücre ekim yoğunluğu, pasaj sayısı ve inkübasyon süresi gibi in vitro kültür koşullarının mitokondri dinamikleri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: A549 (insan akciğer kanser hücreleri), BEAS-2B (insan bronşiyal epitel hücreleri), MCF7 (insan meme kanser hücreleri), A375 (insan malign melanoma hücreleri) ve RPE1 (insan retinal pigment epitel hücreleri), erken (10–12) ve geç (20–22) pasaj aralıklarında, farklı ekim yoğunlukları ve sürelerde (24, 48 ve 72 saat) inkübe edildi. Mitokondriler MitoTracker Green ile boyandı, morfolojik analiz floresan mikroskopi ile gerçekleştirildi. Mitokondriyal fragmentasyon, ImageJ Fiji yazılımı ile, istatistiksel analizler ise Graphpad yazılımı kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Tüm hücrelerde, kontrol grubu olarak 24 saatlik 100.000 hücrelik kültür koşulları referans alınmış ve mitokondriyal fragmentasyonun hücre tipi, inkübasyon süresi ile hücre yoğunluğuna bağlı değiştiği gözlemlenmiştir. A549 hücrelerinde fragmentasyonun 48 saat 100.000 hücrede, 72 saat 80.000 hücre yoğunluğuna göre 5 kat daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. MCF-7 hücrelerinde ise fragmentasyonun, 72 saat 80.000 hücrede 48 saat 170.000 hücreye kıyasla yaklaşık 1,6 kat fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. BEAS-2B ve RPE1 hücrelerinde ise inkübasyon veya hücre yoğunluğuna göre mitokondri dinamiklerinde anlamlı bir değişiklik görülmemiştir. Sonuç: In A549 cells, prolonged culture duration was found to enhance mitochondrial fusion, whereas in MCF7 cells, increased incubation time and cell density promoted mitochondrial fission. In contrast, mitochondrial dynamics in BEAS-2B and RPE1 cells were not significantly affected by incubation duration or cell density. These findings suggest that cell type-specific culture conditions can differentially influence mitochondrial morphology