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Impact of NGOs’ undercover videos on citizens’ emotions and pro-social behaviors
No full textNational audienceUndercover videos have become a popular tool among NGOs to influence public opinion and generate engagement for the NGO’s cause. These videos are seen as a powerful and cost‑effective way of bringing about social change, as they provide first‑hand evidence and generate a strong emotional response among those who see them. In this paper, we empirically assess the impact of undercover videos on support for the cause. We in addition analyze whether the increased engagement among viewers is driven by the negative emotional reactions produced by the video. To do so, we design an online experiment that enables us to estimate both the total and emotion‑mediated treatment effects on engagement by randomly exposing participants to an undercover video (of animal abuse) and randomly introducing a cooling‑off period. Using a representative sample of the French population (N=3,310), we find that the video successfully increases actions in favor of animals (i.e., donations to NGOs and petitions), but we fail to prove that this effect is due to the presence of primary emotions induced by the video. Last, we investigate whether activists correctly anticipate their undercover videos’ (emotional) impact via a prediction study involving activists (exploratory analysis)
Les pratiques de gestion des médias sociaux par les TPE : le cas des TPE natives du numérique
No full textInternational audienceDigital media are becoming increasingly important in the marketing strategies of SMEs, particularly social media. They are a way to connect different stakeholders (employees, customers, partners) and are used for several purposes (communication, recruitment, sales, partnerships). In some cases, these media are even part of the company’s identity: this is the case of digital native SMEs, who use social media even before the official launch of their business. However, we still don’t know much about their concrete practices in using these platforms. We interviewed eighteen founders of digital native SMEs, to understand how they manage their social media platforms. Results show the central role of relational resources (in particular the community) both in the establishment of the activity and in the long run. We identify the concrete practices that help build a solid community and then use it to acquire new resources to make the company grow over time.Les médias numériques, et plus particulièrement les médias sociaux, occupent une place de plus en plus importante dans les stratégies marketing des PME. Ils sont un moyen de connecter les différentes parties prenantes (employés, clients, partenaires) autour du projet de l’entreprise et remplissent plusieurs fonctions (communication, recrutement, vente, partenariats). Dans certains cas, ces médias font même partie de l’identité de l’entreprise : c’est le cas des TPE natives du numérique, qui utilisent les médias sociaux avant même le lancement officiel de leur activité. Pourtant, leurs pratiques d’utilisation de ces plateformes restent encore peu étudiées. À travers dix-huit entretiens menés avec des fondateurs de TPE natives du numérique, cette recherche s’attache à comprendre quelles sont leurs pratiques de gestion des plateformes de médias sociaux, quels rôles jouent ces plateformes et comment pratiques et rôles évoluent au fil du développement de la TPE. Les résultats montrent le rôle central des ressources relationnelles (en particulier de la communauté) dans la mise en place de l’activité et dans sa pérennisation. Nous identifions les pratiques permettant de construire une communauté solide et de l’utiliser ensuite pour acquérir de nouvelles ressources, indispensables à la croissance de l’entreprise, et proposons un cadre organisateur décrivant leur évolution dans le temps
Community-story fit: How Do Migrants Embrace Their Stigma And Construct Their Legitimacy
No full textInternational audienceThe existing literature on migrant entrepreneurship predominantly portrays migrants as stigmatised individuals who view entrepreneurship as a pathway to remove their stigma and arrive at a safe spot. In this article, we argue that such characterisation overlooks the distinctive ways in which migrants establish supportive communities that both accept their stigmas and serve as a springboard for their legitimation. Based on the five case studies of migrant entrepreneurs in France, we explore how entrepreneurs manage their stigmas and construct their legitimacy by focusing on their supportive community. Our findings reveal two original processes in which entrepreneurs break their isolation, embrace their stigmas, and move forward to construct their legitimacy in the host country
Empowerment strategies and their effects in digital contexts: corroboration, replication, and extension
No full textInternational audienceSince Fuchs and Schreier’s (2010) foundational work on customer empowerment as a critical strategy for new product development and communication, scholars have proposed numerous features to help managers deploy effective empowerment campaigns in digitally-empowering contexts (Vollero, Schultz, and Siano Citation2019) Some researchers find that empowering customers to cooperate in selecting the product concepts to be marketed by the firm leads to a stronger demand for the underlying products because consumers develop a stronger feeling of psychological ownership of the products selected. This study replicates, refines, and extends this original research in three ways. We challenge previous findings by using more realistic scenarios (real brand) and more representative samples (adult population vs. students). We also investigate the effects of a new potential moderating variable (reward value), and we compare different empowerment strategies (empowerment-to-create and empowerment-to-select vs. zero empowerment) on two product categories, thus extending the customer empowerment research stream
China Data Flows and Power in the Era of Chinese Big Tech
No full textInternational audiencePersonal data have great economic interest today and their possession and control are the object of geopolitics, leading to their regulation by means that vary dependent on the strategic objectives of the jurisdiction considered. This study fills a gap in the literature in this area by analyzing holistically the regulation of personal data flows both into and from China, the world’s second largest economy. In doing so, it focuses on laws and regulations of three major power blocs: the United States, the European Union, and China, seen within the framework of geopolitics, and considering the rise of Chinese big tech. First, this study analyzes ways that the United States—the champion of the free-flow of data that has helped feed the success of the Silicon Valley system—has in specific cases prevented data flows to China on grounds of individual data protection and national security. The danger of this approach and alternate protection through potential U.S. federal data privacy legislation are evoked. Second, the cross-border data flow restriction of the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is studied in the context of data exports to China, including where the data transit via the United States prior to their transfer to China. Next, after review of the conditions for a European Commission adequacy determination and an examination of recent data privacy legislation in China, the authors provide a preliminary negative assessment of the potential for such a determination for China, where government access is an important part of the picture. Difficult points are highlighted for investigation by data exporters to China, when relying on EU transfer mechanisms, following the Schrems II jurisprudence. Finally, recent Chinese regulations establishing requirements for the export of data are studied. In this exercise, light is shed on compliance requirements for companies under Chinese law, provisions of Chinese data transfer regulations that are similar to the those of the GDPR, and aspects that show China’s own approach to restrictions on data transfers, such as an emphasis on national security protection. This study concludes with the observation that restrictions for data flows both into and out of China will continue and potentially be amplified, and economic actors will need to prepare themselves to navigate the relevant regulations examined in this study
Does transfomational leadership promote employee voice ? testing the mediating effect of psychological empowerment and moderating effect of leader-leader exchange
No full textInternational audienc
La Blockchain et l'IA : Accélérateurs de la Transition Écologique dans le Secteur de la Livraison ?
No full textInternational audienceCe cas analyse le programme ColisActiv', qui promeut des livraisons durables via la blockchain et l'IA. Porté par SmartB et SoFUB, ce projet vise à optimiser la logistique du dernier kilomètre en France. La blockchain assure la traçabilité des opérations entre les acteurs. L'IA améliore la prédiction de la demande. Après un an, le programme rencontre des difficultés liées à sa complexité. L'étude explore des solutions pour en améliorer l'efficacité : adaptation du modèle opérationnel, renforcement de la communication, révision de la stratégie marketing. Ce cas met en lumière l'apport des technologies émergentes pour soutenir l'innovation durable dans la logistique urbaine. Il souligne aussi l'importance de l'agilité dans la gestion d'un écosystème d'affaires impliquant de multiples parties prenantes
La prise en compte de la relation managériale dans l’attitude vis-à-vis de la vidéoprotection
No full textInternational audienceUnderstanding employees’ attitudes towards video protection cameras at work is a managerial issue that has received little attention in the academic literature. The aim of this contribution is to assess the relative importance of acceptance factors in employees’ attitudes towards cameras in this context by using the literature in information systems and Human Resources Management. A hierarchical regression analysis of a study of 337 employees shows that expectations towards the technology, social influence, individual and contingency factors, and the managerial relationship must be taken into account to explain attitudes towards video cameras.Comprender la actitud de los empleados hacia las cámaras de videovigilancia en el trabajo es una cuestión de gestión poco abordada en la literatura académica. El objetivo de esta contribución es evaluar la importancia relativa de los factores de aceptación en la actitud de los empleados en este contexto movilizando la literatura en sistemas de información y Gestión de Recursos Humanos. El análisis de regresión jerárquica de un estudio realizado con 337 empleados demuestra que las expectativas relativas a la tecnología, la influencia social, los factores individuales y de contingencia, así como las relaciones gerenciales, deben tenerse en cuenta para explicar la actitud hacia la cámara de videovigilancia.La compréhension de l’attitude des salariés envers les caméras de vidéoprotection au travail est un enjeu managérial peu traité dans la littérature académique. L’objectif de cette contribution est d’évaluer l’importance relative des facteurs d’acceptation dans l’attitude des salariés dans ce contexte en mobilisant la littérature en Systèmes d’Information et en Gestion des Ressources Humaines. L’analyse par régression hiérarchique d’une étude menée auprès de 337 salariés démontre que les attentes vis-à-vis de la technologie, l’influence sociale, des facteurs individuels et de contingence ainsi que la relation managériale doivent être pris en compte pour expliquer l’attitude vis-à-vis de la caméra de vidéoprotection
A methodological and theoretical framework for implementing explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) in business applications
No full textInternational audienceArtificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming fundamental in almost all activity sectors in our society. However, most of the modern AI techniques (e.g., Machine Learning – ML) have a black box nature, which hinder their adoption by practitioners in many application fields. This issue raises a recent emergence of a new research area in AI called Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), aiming at providing AI-based decision-making processes and outcomes to be easily understood, interpreted, and justified by humans. Since 2018, there has been an exponential growth of research studies on XAI, which has justified some review studies. However, these reviews currently focus on proposing taxonomies of XAI methods. Yet, XAI is by nature a highly applicative research field, and beyond XAI methods, it is also very important to investigate how XAI is concretely used in industries, and consequently derive the best practices to follow for better implementations and adoptions. There is a lack of studies on this latter point. To fill this research gap, we first propose a holistic review of business applications of XAI, by following the Theory, Context, Characteristics, and Methodology (TCCM) protocol. Based on the findings of this review, we secondly propose a methodological and theoretical framework in six steps that can be followed by all practitioners or stakeholders for improving the implementation and adoption of XAI in their business applications. We particularly highlight the need to rely on domain field and analytical theories to explain the whole analytical process, from the relevance of the business question to the robustness checking and the validation of explanations provided by XAI methods. Finally, we propose seven important future research avenues
Space oddity: How human density influences satisfaction in luxury services
No full textInternational audienceHuman density plays a crucial role in the management of service industries, especially in luxury settings. It affects satisfaction through two routes: a direct positive “human crowding route” and an indirect negative “spatial crowding route” via perceived space crowdedness. Through the analysis of over 16.000 questionnaires completed by airline passengers departing from a lounge, this article demonstrates the relevance of these two routes. Additionally, considering the circadian rhythms influenced by chronobiology, it shows that the time of day moderates their significance. Specifically, both the human crowding route and the spatial crowding route intensify as the day progresses. By shedding light on the influence of time of day on satisfaction in luxury services, we contribute to the biological underpinnings of consumer behavior and provide relevant recommendations to space managers in luxury industries