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    594 research outputs found

    Entrepreneur et Réseau

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    International mobility of workers : new forms, processes, and outcomes

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    Experience during early adulthood shapes the learning capacities and the number of synaptic boutons in the mushroom bodies of honey bees ( Apis mellifera )

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    International audienceThe honey bee mushroom bodies (MBs) are brain centers required for specific learning tasks. Here, we show that environmental conditions experienced as young adults affect the maturation of MB neuropil and performance in a MB-dependent learning task. Specifically, olfactory reversal learning was selectively impaired following early exposure to an impoverished environment lacking some of the sensory and social interactions present in the hive. In parallel, the overall number of synaptic boutons increased within the MB olfactory neuropil, whose volume remained unaffected. This suggests that experience of the rich in-hive environment promotes MB maturation and the development of MB-dependent learning capacities

    Entrepreneur et Petites entreprises

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    First the GDPR, Now the Proposed ePrivacy Regulation

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    International audienceOn January 10, 2017, less than nine months after the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was adopted by the European Union, the European Commission issued its proposal for a new ePrivacy Regulation. In analyzing this new proposal, this article first places European Union ePrivacy legislation in context before detailing the main points of the proposed ePrivacy Regulation, including its broad territorial scope, its material scope, its interface with the GDPR, as well as provisions on cookies, confidentiality of communications, application of the concept of consent and unsolicited direct marketing communications and enforcement measures (including sanctions). Next, this article discusses advisory and industry reactions to the proposed Regulation, and outlines the legislative process, prior to making certain conclusory remarks

    Conception de réseaux logistiques humanitaires robustes

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    National audienceChaque année, plus de 400 catastrophes naturelles frappent le monde. Pour répondre plus rapidement aux besoins des populations touchées, les organisations humanitaires stockent par avance des produits de première nécessité. Le problème posé est de déterminer où entreposer ces produits. Nous nous plaçons dans le contexte de catastrophes naturelles récurrentes (cyclones aux Caraïbes, séismes dans la ceinture de feu du Pacifique, inondations en Asie du Sud-Est). Pour ce type de catastrophes, il est possible d’établir des scénarios de survenue des catastrophes futures à partir des catastrophes passées. Un scénario doit fournir des informations sur les populations touchées (les besoins à satisfaire), mais également s’intéresser aux impacts sur les infrastructures logistiques (dégradation des réseaux de transport et des entrepôts). Cet article propose un outil d’aide à la décision pour aider les organisations humanitaires à configurer et dimensionner leurs réseaux logistiques. Dans un premier temps, nous considérons un scénario unique. Ce problème est alors une extension d’un problème de localisation classique. Puis nous considérons un ensemble de scénarios probabilisés

    Measuring Airline Networks: Comprehensive Indicators

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    International audienceThe literature on airlines presents few studies analyzing the airlines network evolution and its impact on prices, costs or profitability. We believe that this gap is due to the difficulty of capturing the network complexity in a simple manner. This paper proposes new simple and continuous indicators to measure the airlines network structure. The methodology to build them is based on graph theory and principal component analysis. We apply this approach to the US domestic market for 2005-2015, and obtain three network indicators. The first one measures how close the network is to a hub-and-spoke structure. The second indicator measures the airline's ability to provide alternative routes. The third indicator captures the network size. We analyze how the carriers' network evolution can be described by those indicators. We show that low-cost carriers (LCCs) and legacy carriers' network choices differ for the second indicator, while our results exhibit no difference in strategies for the other two indicators. We also show that economic conditions affect differently the three indicators and the magnitude of the impact depends on the airline type. Highlights: ● Combine graph theory and principal component analysis ● Obtain three indicators to characterize airline network structure for US domestic market ● Compare these indicators for low-cost and legacy carriers ● Estimate evolution in the indicators over time ● Analyze the impact of the main US mergers on the network structur

    Les défis du droit d'auteur américain (copyright) dans le contexte numérique

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    International audienceThis is an article (in French) which has been adapted from one of my contributions on U.S. for the workshop -- "Les défis du numérique dans l'entreprise en Europe" ("The Challenges of Digital Technologies in Europe") held at the Toulouse Business School on February 27, 2015. It details certain important differences between American Copyright law and Rights of Authorship in France and Copyright Law in Europe. Included in this discussion are formalities and their role in copyright litigation, protection of databases and the Feist case, exclusive rights under Copyright Law and moral rights. The Aereo case and the Pharrell Williams "Blurred Lines" case are also evoked. The article concludes with a several areas of study for reform from former Register of Copyrights Maria Pallante.Il s’agit d’un article (en Français) qui a été adapté d’une de mes contributions sur le droit américain pour l’atelier - "Les défis du numérique dans l’entreprise en Europe" qui s’est tenue à la Toulouse Business School le 27 février 2015. Il détaille certaines différences importantes entre le droit d’auteur américain et le droit d’auteur en France et en Europe. Cette discussion comprend les formalités et leur rôle dans les litiges en matière de droit d’auteur, la protection des bases de données et l’affaire Feist, les droits exclusifs en vertu de la loi sur le droit d’auteur et les droits moraux. L’affaire Aereo et l’affaire Pharrell Williams , « Blurred Lines » sont également évoquées. L’article se termine par plusieurs domaines d’étude pour la réforme de l’ancien Registre des droits d’auteur Maria Pallante

    Faire enfin cas de l’étude de cas en marketing

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