Portail HAL de TBS Education
Not a member yet
594 research outputs found
Sort by
“So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy
No full textInternational audienceTransformative artificially intelligent tools, such as ChatGPT, designed to generate sophisticated text indistin-guishable from that produced by a human, are applicable across a wide range of contexts. The technologypresents opportunities as well as, often ethical and legal, challenges, and has the potential for both positive andnegative impacts for organisations, society, and individuals. Offering multi-disciplinary insight into some ofthese, this article brings together 43 contributions from experts in fields such as computer science, marketing,information systems, education, policy, hospitality and tourism, management, publishing, and nursing. Thecontributors acknowledge ChatGPT’s capabilities to enhance productivity and suggest that it is likely to offer significant gains in the banking, hospitality and tourism, and information technology industries, and enhancebusiness activities, such as management and marketing. Nevertheless, they also consider its limitations, dis-ruptions to practices, threats to privacy and security, and consequences of biases, misuse, and misinformation.However, opinion is split on whether ChatGPT’s use should be restricted or legislated. Drawing on these con-tributions, the article identifies questions requiring further research across three thematic areas: knowledge,transparency, and ethics; digital transformation of organisations and societies; and teaching, learning, andscholarly research. The avenues for further research include: identifying skills, resources, and capabilities neededto handle generative AI; examining biases of generative AI attributable to training datasets and processes;exploring business and societal contexts best suited for generative AI implementation; determining optimalcombinations of human and generative AI for various tasks; identifying ways to assess accuracy of text producedby generative AI; and uncovering the ethical and legal issues in using generative AI across different contexts
Hedging Against Uncertainty in Transportation Network Design Through Flexible Scheduling
No full textWe consider the planning problem of a consolidation carrier that seeks to plan effective transportation operations in the presence of uncertainty in shipment sizes. We presume the carrier seeks to execute regular operations with respect to the geographical routing of vehicles and shipments. However, the carrier can respond to volatility in shipment sizes by effectively scheduling shipment and vehicle dispatches, as well as acquiring additional vehicle capacity at a premium. We present a mathematical model of this planning problem as well as of a related planning problem wherein vehicle and shipment dispatch scheduling decisions must be made before shipment sizes are known. Based on an extensive computational study, we estimate the savings potential of scheduling flexibility and characterize situations when those savings may be significant. Finally, we identify tactics for designing a transportation network that will position it to benefit from schedule flexibility
Introduction to the minitrack on Digital and Hyperconnected Supply Chain Systems.
No full textInternational audienc
Dette publique, banques centrales et inflation: c’est reparti comme en 40 ?
No full textInternational audienc
Asymmetric information, strategic transfers and the design of long-term care policies
No full textNational audienceWe study the optimal design of social long-term care (LTC) insurance when the utility of informal caregivers is taken into account. Informal care is exchange-based. Children’s cost of providing care is continuously distributed over some interval and is not observable. Parents choose a rule specifying transfers conditional on the level of informal care. We study first uniform provision of LTC and then a nonlinear policy depending on family transfers. In both cases, informal care increases with the children’s welfare weight. Our theoretical analysis is completed by calibrated numerical solutions. Uniform public care should represent up to 40% of total care but its share decreases to about 30% as the weight of children increases. In the nonlinear case, public care increases with the children’s cost of providing care at a faster rate when children’s weight in social welfare is higher. It represents 100% of total care for families with high-cost children
Distance to innovations, kinship intensity, and psychological traits
No full textInternational audiencePsychological traits display substantial variation worldwide. These psychological variations could be explained by the intensity of kinship ties which, we hypothesize, depends on the reception of innovations that gradually complexified family organizations. These innovations originated from several centers across the world that also spread other crucial novelties such as agriculture. Less exposed to these family innovations, areas far from centers of innovation should exhibit lower kinship intensity. Indeed, we show that distance to innovation centers is strongly associated with kinship intensity. This distance is also associated with psychological traits especially outside Western Europe in which exposure to the Church seems to play an additional role
Navigating Governance in a Complex World: Ownership, Directorship and Management
No full textInternational audienc
Modelling and simulation of new regulatory measures in prospective scenarios for air transport
No full textInternational audienceAir transport contribution to annual anthropogenic CO2 emissions is evaluated at 2.6%, as well as additional climate impacts. In order to assess the future environmental impacts of air transport, the AeroMAPS open-source framework was previously developed for simulating prospective scenarios, including a specific module to evaluate the costs of alternative fuels. This paper presents additional cost models to evaluate the direct operating cost at the fleet level, as well as the manufacturing non-recurring and recurring costs. The potential role played by regulatory measures for aviation decarbonization is assessed, considering two examples. First, the consequences of setting low-carbon fuels blending mandates are investigated, and options available to design them are reviewed, highlighting the need to find a compromise between deep decarbonization over time and economic efficiency. Secondly, setting stringent aircraft energy intensity rules can be used to ensure the fleet is renewed at the right moment to respect a given cumulative CO2 emissions target, or other objectives. An illustrative example shows the interest of an early introduction of a given new aircraft type.<br /
Blockchain Diffusion in Business Ecosystems: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Carbon Emission Management
No full textInternational audienc
Une analyse des relations science – industrie au travers de la notion de couplage : vers un modele a double-impact simultané
No full textInternational audienceCet article conceptuel vise à définir la notion de couplage science-industrie, une lecture gestionnaire et cognitive des relations entre ces deux sphères, plutôt qu’une approche institutionnelle ou économique. En se basant sur des découvertes majeures, leurs liens divers avec l’industrie et des données d’archives, l’article examine les couplages dans trois contextes typiques : transfert, recherche industrielle et recherche partenariale. L’organisation, les couplages et les performances de chaque cas sont détaillés. L’article suggère un modèle alternatif, le couplage à double impact simultané, décrivant des relations d’exploration et d’enrichissement mutuel entre les acteurs, adapté pour analyser certaines tendances actuelles et passées entre science et industrie. Notamment la théorie C-K, permet de décrire ce couplage, offrant une voie prometteuse pour comprendre les relations science-industrie