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Hydrogel Containing an Oxygen Carrier With Hemoglobin From the Marine Worm Arenicola marina (M101) in the Management of Deep Burns
No full textInternational audienceA 34-year-old patient with no medical history was admitted following severe thermal burns (>85% of the body surface area), including deep second- and third-degree injuries. Surgical management aimed to heal the entire upper body (thorax, abdomen, and back) using topical oxygen therapy (TOT) on the deep second-degree burns, without burn excision or skin grafting, while processing conventional management of the remaining burned areas alongside specialized intensive care. TOT was performed using an innovative oxygenating dressing (HEMHealing, Hemarina SA, Morlaix, France) combined with conventional excisional, allograft, and autograft management (4 surgical steps) on the hands, upper limbs, and lower limbs; the protocol enabled graft-free healing of the abdomen, thorax, and back within around 5 weeks. Despite a prolonged healing time (47 d, beyond the dogma of 2–3 wk), at 12 months follow-up, the scars showed very little inflammation and no hypertrophy on the trunk and the back. The patient did not require compression garments on TOT-treated sites. We report the use of this innovative dressing—in parallel with resuscitation and conventional surgery—and the very favorable evolution of this patient confirms this choice in retrospect. We now need to consider other cases and studies to validate our initial clinical results
Implant number and distribution for implant-supported fixed complete dentures according to three-dimensional finite element analysis: a scoping review
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction The All-on-4 concept has been proposed in oral implantology to deal with the lack of jawbone.Aims The objective of this review was to determine whether there was a three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) model that could determine the implant positioning and implant number for full-arch, fixed, implant-supported rehabilitation, that would yield a stress distribution that limits peri-implant bone resorption.Material and Methods A scoping review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Studies performing FEA of implant-supported complete dentures and describing the type of FEA model were included.Results A total of 28 studies were included. The implant geometry was a monobloc in 12 studies. Of the 28 studies, 22 were based on simplified anatomy. A higher stress around the distal implants was found in all studies, but the results were heterogeneous.Discussion The main limitations of the FEA models were: 1) the digital model and its analysis contain inaccuracies; and 2) the forces applied resulted in stresses transmitted far below the stress limits of the prosthesis and the bone.Conclusions Further FEA studies with controlled parameters are required in order to enable a more accurate biomechanical analysis of the optimal number, angulation and location of implants
Brain lymphatic drainage pathways, deep cervical lymphatic surgery, and current insights: A systematic review
No full textInternational audienceThe discovery of the glymphatic system and the later rediscovery of the meningeal lymphatic network have significantly changed our understanding of central nervous system (CNS) waste clearance. Aging is linked to a gradual decline in these clearance pathways, resulting in waste buildup. As a result, therapeutic strategies targeting cerebral lymphatic function have garnered growing interest, with lymphatic surgery emerging as a promising option.We conducted a review until July 2025, providing an overview of the potential of lymphatic surgical techniques to enhance CNS metabolic waste clearance pathways as a therapeutic approach for brain lymphatic system disorders.Currently available data are limited, nine publications addressing this approach. These studies explore an innovative technique involving lymphatico-venous anastomoses (LVA) targeting deep cervical lymphatic vessels to promote clearance for the treatment of Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases.Cerebral lymphatic drainage is critical for effective brain waste elimination such as amyloid-β, phosphorylated tau, and α-synuclein, which are linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Viewing these lymphatic dysfunctions as a form of "cerebral lymphedema," LVA, already used in treating peripheral lymphedema, shows potential as a therapeutic approach. Although clinical evidence is still limited, lymphatic supermicrosurgery presents promising therapeutic possibilities for neurodegenerative diseases and other conditions related to impaired CNS lymphatic outflow
Physiopathologie de l’atteinte osseuse du diabète
No full textInternational audienceDiabetes is complicated by bone fragility, which increases the risk of fracture. Bone fragility in diabetic patients is multifactorial and involves, depending on the type of diabetes, insulin deficiency or insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia and advanced glycation end products, which have direct and indirect effects on osteoblastic bone cells, on the biomechanical properties of bone tissue and on bone microarchitecture.Le diabète se complique d’une fragilité osseuse responsable d’une augmentation du risque de fracture. La fragilité osseuse des diabétiques est multifactorielle faisant intervenir, selon le type du diabète, le manque d’insuline ou l’insulinorésistance, l’hyperglycémie et les produits avancés de la glycation responsables d’un effet direct et indirect sur les cellules osseuses ostéoformatrices, sur les propriétés biomécaniques du tissu osseux et sur la microarchitecture osseuse
Quels sont les bienfaits de l’activité physique dans la gonarthrose ?
No full textInternational audienceKnee osteoarthrosis is a very common multifactorial disease due to the aging population, as well as microtrauma and trauma caused by sports. Physical activities have been a treatment option for knee osteoarthrosis for several years, with the aim of increasing patients’ independence and quality of life while reducing pain and improving joint function. In an attempt to demonstrate the benefits of physical activity in knee osteoarthrosis, this narrative review aimed firstly to verify the significant effectiveness of physical activities, secondly to understand how physical activities can impact the knee joint, and thirdly to identify barriers of physical activity for patients and therapists in order to ultimately present an adaptation of the European recommendations.L’arthrose du genou représente une maladie d’origine multifactorielle très fréquente du fait du vieillissement de la population, mais également en raison des microtraumatismes et des traumatismes occasionnés par la pratique sportive. Les activités physiques font partie depuis quelques années des moyens thérapeutiques de l’arthrose du genou, avec pour objectif d’augmenter l’autonomie et la qualité de vie des patients tout en diminuant les douleurs et améliorant la fonction articulaire. Afin de tenter de démontrer les bienfaits des activités physiques dans la gonarthrose, cette revue narrative a eu pour objet premièrement de vérifier si l’efficacité des activités physiques était significative, deuxièmement de comprendre comment les activités physiques pouvaient avoir une action sur l’articulation du genou, et troisièmement d’identifier les barrières à l’activité physique des patients et thérapeutes, afin de présenter au final une adaptation des recommandations des sociétés savantes européennes
Enseignement de l'alimentation des ruminants en formation vétérinaire : analyse comparative des programmes et de leur efficacité ressentie
No full textL’alimentation des ruminants représente un pilier important de la pratique vétérinaire en élevage, à l’interface entre santé animale, performance et enjeux environnementaux. Dans les Écoles Nationales Vétérinaires Françaises (ENVF), cet enseignement est bien présent mais fait l’objet de modalités pédagogiques diverses, tant sur le plan des contenus abordés, des volumes horaires, de l’articulation des cours et des types d’enseignement proposés. Ce travail de thèse s’appuie sur une double approche. D’une part, une analyse comparative des programmes d’enseignement de l’alimentation des ruminants et de leurs prérequis (anatomie, physiologie digestive, biochimie, zootechnie) a été menée au sein des quatre ENVF. D’autre part, une enquête par questionnaire a été réalisée auprès de 237 étudiants de ces 4 écoles, afin d’établir un état des lieux de leur ressenti concernant leur formation, leur perception des compétences gagnées et leurs attentes en matière d’enseignement nutritionnel. L’étude met en évidence des contenus relativement homogènes entre les écoles en ce qui concerne les notions enseignées : bases de l’alimentation, besoins nutritionnels, bromatologie, rationnement, pathologie nutritionnelle. Toutefois, des disparités notables apparaissent quant au volume horaire global, à la construction des enseignements dans le temps, aux méthodes d’enseignement (cours magistraux, travaux dirigés, stages, audits). L’analyse des réponses étudiantes révèle une conscience élevée de l’importance de la nutrition des ruminants en pratique rurale. Néanmoins, une partie significative des étudiants ne se sent pas autonome à la sortie de l’école, en particulier pour certaines compétences telles que le rationnement, l’interprétation de documents nutritionnels ou la reconnaissance des aliments. Les modalités pédagogiques jugées les plus efficaces par les étudiants incluent des contenus mieux structurés, hiérarchisés, et articulés avec les prérequis, ainsi qu’un renforcement des approches pédagogiques concrètes, en particulier les études de cas, les mises en situation sur le terrain, les TP appliqués et les modules spécifiques en fin de cursus. Ce travail met en lumière les forces et les limites actuelles de l’enseignement de l’alimentation des ruminants en formation vétérinaire, et propose des perspectives concrètes pour optimiser l’acquisition de compétences essentielles à une pratique vétérinaire autonome et adaptée aux enjeux contemporains de l’élevage
Effects of host sex, age and behaviour on co-infection patterns in a wild ungulate
No full textInternational audienceRecent zoonotic disease emergences emphasize the importance of studying wildlife parasite communities. As wild hosts frequently harbour diverse parasite species, understanding the drivers of multiple infection patterns in free-ranging hosts is critical for elucidating the ecological and epidemiological dynamics of parasite communities. In this study, we analysed co-infection patterns in European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) inhabiting a fragmented rural landscape in southwestern France. Using data from 130 samples of GPS-tracked deer, we examined the influence of proximity to livestock, host activity levels, age, sex, and between-parasite interactions on the presence of 11 parasitic taxa. Hierarchical modelling of species communities (HMSC) revealed that proximity to livestock significantly increased the likelihood of infection with orofecally transmitted parasites (Toxoplasma gondii, gastrointestinal parasites). Sex and age were other key predictors, with males and juveniles exhibiting a higher frequency of parasite presence, likely influenced by hormonal and immune system differences. Activity levels showed distinct age-related effects, with higher activity levels being positively associated with increased parasite prevalence in yearlings, but not in adults. In contrast, parasite association patterns within individual hosts were weak, suggesting minimal interactions between parasite species. Our findings highlight the interplay between exposure and susceptibility in shaping co-infection patterns and underscore the value of hierarchical modelling approaches in multi-parasite systems
Étude de la stabilité du rapport protéines/créatinine urinaire chez le lapin selon les modalités de conservation de l’urine
No full textL’étude visait à évaluer la stabilité du rapport protéines/créatinine urinaire (RPCU) chez le lapin selon la durée et les conditions de conservation des échantillons. Le RPCU, recommandé mais encore peu étudié chez cette espèce, apparaît plus fiable que les bandelettes urinaires, souvent faussées par l’urine alcaline des lapins. Plusieurs facteurs influencent les résultats de l’analyse urinaire chez le lapin. Le RPCU ne semble pas influencé par l’âge, le statut sérologique vis-à-vis d'Encephalitozoon cuniculi, ni par la stérilisation, bien que l’urine des jeunes contient naturellement plus d’albumine. L’expérimentation, menée sur 20 lapins en prélevant les urines par cystocentèse, a comparé l’évolution du RPCU à température ambiante et à 4°C en 3 et 7 jours. Contrairement aux données d'autres espèces, le RPCU s’est révélé stable dans les deux conditions. Cependant une erreur de catégorisation aurait été commise pour l’un des lapins si le prélèvement avait été analysé à J3 ou J7 pour les deux températures. L’étude renforce donc la pertinence du RPCU pour diagnostiquer les affections urinaires chez le lapin, à condition de respecter des protocoles rigoureux de prélèvement et de conservation
Advancing PFASs monitoring in food: from targeted SPE-LC-MS/MS to non-targeted QuEChERS-LC-HRMS approaches
No full textInternational audiencePer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are increasingly recognized as emerging contaminants, with some classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and four recently regulated in food in the EU. However, due to the large structural diversity of PFASs, comprehensive monitoring remains essential. This study aimed to develop and apply a suspect and non-targeted screening approach to identify PFASs beyond those conventionally monitored in foodstuffs. The methodology combined optimized QuEChERS sample preparation, LC-HRMS acquisition, and prioritization of fluorinated signals, applying both suspect screening (SS) and non-targeted screening (NTS) strategies. Compared to targeted solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with MS/MS (QqQ) acquisition, this approach detected a broader range of PFASs in various food samples. Notably, as one of the first studies to apply NTS—a method typically used in environmental analysis—to food, it demonstrated the ability to detect both known and previously unlisted PFASs, such as PFPrA in an egg sample. This expanded approach enhances exposure assessment and supports the implementation of HRMS-based strategies for regulatory control and risk assessment
Model system for recovering nitrogen and phosphorus from yellow water to supply a microalgae culture on a building facade
No full textInternational audienceOne of the main aims of microalgae biofacades is to improve the sustainability of buildings by exchanging matter and energy between the building and the microalgae culture system installed on its facade. This study evaluates the potential for treating the yellow water from buildings (i.e. source-separated urine) as an added benefit to the biofacade concept of producing biomass from microalgae. To limit the impact on overall biomass productivity, only part of the biofacade was used for the urine treatment: urine was supplied to some of the PBRs while synthetic nutrients were supplied to the others. This chemical loop has the potential to reduce the environmental impact of both the microalgae culture process, by reducing the use of ammonium and phosphate salts, and the building itself, by recovering the urine before it is discharged as wastewater for further treatment.However, evaluating and optimizing the process is not straightforward because algae growth is closely linked with nutrient and light availability and purification efficiency. The objective of this study is to ascertain the optimal operating parameters for the system: the yellow water dilution rate (dWW) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the culture through simulation, to maximize the proportion of the biofacade supplied with urine, the purification efficiency, and the biomass productivity, taking into account the dynamics of relevant parameters such as day–night cycles and urine production profile. The results reveal that by adapting the operating parameters (dWW and HRT) to the location of the building and the season, the system can recycle all the urine produced using about 50% of the biofacade, thus increasing the potential of microalgae biofacades to achieve yellow water recycling solution for buildings. With this process, over 90% of the nitrogen and phosphorus in yellow water is consumed by the microalgae, although the overall biomass production capacity is reduced by 40%. Using yellow water as a source of nutrients therefore has potential for reducing the environmental footprint of biomass production, with 50% lessemissions than biofacades supplied entirely with synthetic nutrients