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Principes FAIR : Jeu coopératif pour comprendre comment rendre ses données le plus FAIR possible et découvrir des bonnes pratiques de gestion et de standardisation des données et métadonnées
No full textInternational audienceDans le cadre de l'école thématique Data SEE-Life, ce jeu coopératif et éducatif vise à introduire les 15 principes FAIR selon Wilkinson et al. 2016 auprès des personnels impliqués dans les suivis à long terme en écologie et évolution (https://www.inee.cnrs.fr/fr/see-life-suivis-long-terme-en-ecologie-et-evolution). Ces principes internationalement reconnus permettent d'optimiser la trouvabilité (F - Findable), l'accessibilité (A - Accessible), l'interopérabilité (I - Interoperable) et la réutilisation (R - Reusable) des données de la recherche. A travers un cas fictif de deux jeux de données d'occurrences de biodiversité, le jeu se déroule en deux manches : 1) manche "Quick FAIR" où les participants coopèrent dans le dépôt fictif d'un jeu de données dans un entrepôt institutionnel et dressent un bilan du niveau FAIR des données et métadonnées associées ; 2) manche "Full FAIR" où les participants accompagnent les joueurs virtuels dans la démarche de dépôt dans un entrepôt thématique (ici le GBIF) et obtenir un résultat proche du 100% FAIR.Tout au long du jeu, des bonnes pratiques sont dispensées et validées interactivement via des quiz avec les participants.Ces bonnes pratiques concernent la structuration d'un tableur, les règles de nommage des fichiers, les formats ouverts à privilégier pour la diffusion, l'utilisation d'identifiants persistants, de vocabulaires contrôlés et de standards de données et métadonnées, avec des focus sur le standard Darwin Core, les outils IPT et MTD du GBIF
Effects of lakeshore hydromorphological alterations on isoetids and invasive species in two Lobelia lakes in south-western France
No full textInternational audienceThe sandy, shallow natural lakes along the southern Atlantic coast of France support a remarkable diversity of aquatic plants. They are home to rare isoetid species, including one endemic, related to lake habitats of boreo-Atlantic regions. These lakes also experience the development of several invasive species when local biotope conditions are favourable. Isoetid and invasive macrophytes primarily colonise lakeshore zones where recreational and economic activities are concentrated. The occurrence of these activities can lead to both direct and indirect physical impacts on plants and their aquatic environment. The present study aims to determine the influence of lakeshore hydromorphological alterations on the occurrence, abundance, and species composition of aquatic plants. To this end, floristic surveys were initially conducted across 976 sectors distributed along the entire shoreline of Carcans- Hourtin Lake (60 km2) and Lacanau Lake (18 km2). In each sector, an inventory of anthropogenic disturbances was also conducted. Three grids (10,000 m2 each), differently impacted by the passage of 4x4 vehicles, were surveyed. Each grid contained one hundred quadrats (100 m2 each) where macrophyte species were recorded and the density of Lobelia dortmanna measured. The main findings indicate that isoetids were predominantly present in areas that had not undergone hydromorphological alterations. However, they were occasionally abundant in some slightly modified areas. The occurrence of invasive species was higher in areas affected by human activities, although their abundance did not differ significantly from that in areas not affected by physical alterations. A negative effect of vehicle traffic on the density of Lobelia dortmanna was observed. These results provide valuable insights to support management strategies aimed at preventing the artificialisation and simplification of lakeshore zones
Distribution spatiale et temporelle des éléments du groupe du platine dans les zones rurales de France métropolitaine à l'aide de mousses forestières
No full textInternational audienceAlthough emissions of platinum group elements (PGEs) have been increasing since the 1970s, their levels in rural areas are often considered negligible. We will demonstrate that there is long-distance contamination of forest ecosystems, and that palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt) and rhodium (Rh) levels are increasing over a 5-year period. PGEs levels were analyzed in mosses collected from 371 of the same forest sites in 2016 and 2021.Our results show that concentrations follow the order: Pd > Pt > Rh. Pd levels are all above the limits of quantification in 2016 and 2021, but they have increased over 5 years. Pt and Rh concentrations in mosses were respectively above the limit of quantification (LOQ) at 234 and 71 sites in 2016 and at 371 and 348 sites in 2021. We have shown that Pt is the element with the highest rate of increase, followed by Rh and Pd. This rate of change over 5 years correlates significantly with the initial concentration in 2016. A study of the Pt/Pd, Pt/Rh and Rh/Pd ratios shows a significant increase, confirming a greater increase in Pt and Rh than in Pd over the period.The study of spatial distribution tends to show that the sources of emissions of the elements are different. Nevertheless, it is necessary to work on the forms of PGEs emissions to gain a better understanding of their bioavailability and their impact on organisms, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
Innovative low-tech solutions for marine conservation: Phosphorescent plates reduce sea turtle bycatch and boost fishery yields
No full textInternational audienceGillnet fisheries, widely used in the Mediterranean, pose a significant threat to sea turtle populations due to high bycatch rates. This study evaluates the effectiveness of phosphorescent plates as a cost-effective, low-tech solution to mitigate sea turtle bycatch in the Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia. A paired experimental approach was conducted from 2018 to 2022 under real fishing conditions, comparing gillnets equipped with phosphorescent plates to non-illuminated control nets. Results revealed a 65 % reduction (95 %CI [51.22 % - 78.78 %]) in sea turtle bycatch in illuminated nets, with no adverse effect on target species catch rates; in fact, target fish captures increased by 25.8 % (95 %CI [13.16 % - 38.44 %]). Phosphorescent plates offer practical advantages, including long-lasting luminescence, durability, and minimal maintenance, making them an accessible solution for small-scale fisheries. Compared to LED lights, phosphorescent plates are more affordable, environmentally friendly, and easier to integrate into existing fishing practices. However, the potential environmental impact of PVC materials used in the plates warrants further investigation. These findings suggest that phosphorescent plates can enhance marine conservation efforts and fishery productivity, presenting a promising alternative for sustainable fisheries management in the Mediterranean and beyond
Mise en oeuvre des indicateurs EBQI pour l'évaluation des habitats marins d'intérêt communautaire en Méditerranée - Guide méthodologique
No full textWithin the framework of the integrated Life Marha program (2018–2025), coordinated by the l’Office Français de la Biodiversité (OFB), and the GECORISK program (2022–2024), GIS Posidonie has developed a methodological guide for the implementation of EBQI (Ecosystem-based Quality Index) indicators to assess marine habitats of community interest in the northwestern Mediterranean. This document presents the ecosystem-based approach and details the indicators developed for five key ecosystems: Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows, shallow rocky reefs, coralligenous reefs, undersea caves, and coastal detrital bottoms. Based on an ecosystem approach, the methodology considers both the structure and functioning of ecosystems, providing operational protocols to support the management and conservation of Mediterranean coastal ecosystems. This guide is an updated version of the first reference published in 2017 (Ruitton et al.), incorporating feedback from managers and identified needs for improvement to enhance its field applicability and better align with the objectives of European directives, notably the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) and the Habitat Directive. The guide is primarily intended for managers of marine protected areas, as well as for the scientific community and environmental consulting firms wishing to implement EBQI indicators for the monitoring and assessment of Mediterranean coastal ecosystems.Dans le cadre du programme Life intégré Marha (2018-2025), coordonné par l’Office Français de la Biodiversité, et du programme GECORISK (2022-2024), le GIS Posidonie a rédigé un guide méthodologique pour la mise en œuvre des indicateurs EBQI (Ecosystem-based Quality Index) dans l’évaluation des habitats marins d’intérêt communautaire en Méditerranée. Ce document présente l’approche écosystémique et détaille les indicateurs développés pour cinq écosystèmes clés : l’herbier à Posidonia oceanica, la roche infralittorale à algues photophiles, le coralligène, les grottes sous-marines et le détritique côtier. Fondée sur une approche écosystémique, la démarche prend en compte la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes, en proposant des protocoles opérationnels pour la gestion et la conservation des écosystèmes côtiers méditerranéens. Ce guide constitue une version actualisée du premier référentiel publié en 2017 (Ruitton et al.), intégrant les retours d’expérience des gestionnaires et les besoins d’amélioration identifiés, afin de renforcer son applicabilité sur le terrain et de répondre plus étroitement aux objectifs des directives européennes, notamment la Directive Cadre Stratégie pour le Milieu Marin (DCSMM) et la Directive Habitats-Faune-Flore (DHFF). Ce document s’adresse en priorité aux gestionnaires d’aires marines protégées, ainsi qu’à la communauté scientifique et aux bureaux d’études en environnement souhaitant mettre en œuvre les indicateurs EBQI pour la surveillance et le suivi des écosystèmes côtiers méditerranéens
Enjeux de biodiversité sur les carrières réaménagées de la butte de l'Aulnoye
No full textFocus thématique sur les enjeux de biodiversité portés par les carrières réaménagées de la butte de l'Aulnoye. Partenariat scientifique Placoplatre / MNHN 2022-2025
Corrigendum to “Oak regeneration facing deer browsing: Can competition between saplings offset the diversion effect? A simulation experiment” [Ecological Modelling 489 (2024) 110608]
No full textInternational audienc
Water Wars: competition between native and exotic isoetid species
No full textInternational audienceAmong several global changes, invasion by exotic species is often pointed out as responsible for the decline of native species. Indeed, in the competition for space and resources, fast-growing species are generally more efficient than native ones. The natural lakes along the Aquitaine coast are home to unique and protected populations of isoetid macrophytes, which are declining in the last decades. The present study aims at testing the potential competition between the native isoetid Lobelia dortmanna and the exotic isoetid Sagittaria graminea, both coexisting in Lake Cazaux-Sanguinet, France. To achieve this, we set up a multi-year monitoring program across 1x1m quadrats, with three conditions: native species only, exotic species only, and mixed condition when both species occurred. Each individual in the quadrat was spatially mapped and its photosynthetic activity was measured, as well as its leaf length and width. Sediment samples were also collected to analyze differences in organic matter content and granulometry between the quadrats. Preliminary results show that, while substrate analysis indicates similar biotopes for both species, their co-occurrence triggered significant physiological and morphological responses. Additionally, the native and exotic species appeared to follow different patterns of spatial distribution. However, these first results did not necessarily indicate a negative effect of the exotic species on the native one. Further field sampling in the coming years will help clarify the temporal spatial dynamics of the two species
Defining Soil Quality and Soil Health, together with some of their operational indicators: Insights from the French IndiQuaSols project
No full textInternational audienc
Population dynamics of the potentially invasive Asian date mussel, Arcuatula senhousia, in Arcachon Bay, France
No full textInternational audienceOriginated from Asia, Arcuatula senhousia has spread globally and is often reported as an invasive species that alters benthic communities and ecosystem functioning. However, very few studies have focused on the population dynamics of this ecosystem-engineering mytilid, partly due to the difficulty in monitoring cohorts of this short-lived, fast-growing species. Through a one-year monthly monitoring of mussel in two distinct locations in Arcachon Bay, France, we observed higher growth performance and P/B ratio at the station closer to the main river mouth, confirming the species preference for brackish, estuarine conditions. Post-recruitment mortality was particularly high, exceeding typical bivalve mortality rates, likely due to the vulnerability of this small species at the sediment surface. Trematode parasites, absent in our samples, were not implicated in mortality. In both locations, the reproductive phenology was similar, with a prolonged spawning season centred in the warmer months. As of 2024, A. senhousia remains a colonizing introduced species in Arcachon Bay with relatively low densities. However, vigilance is necessary, as its population dynamics resemble those observed in the few areas where these data are available and where this species has become invasive