Collection HAL Kedge Business School
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Framework for selecting carbon emission abatement projects in supply chains
No full textInternational audienceThis article addresses the challenges for companies that seek to invest in carbon abatement projects. Traditionally, such companies would address their own operations, but it might be more efficient to invest in improving the operations of a supplier or customer. By adopting a supply chain perspective on carbon abatement projects, this study proposes a way to account for activities beyond the company’s boundaries. First, the proposed decision-support framework enables companies to define the appropriate boundaries for carbon emission measurement and abatement and identify the relevant optimisation problem. Second, this framework describes options for optimising the level of abatement effort linked to each selected action. Third, an application of the framework to the Eastman Chemical Company reveals several real-world implications, including recommendations for where to exert carbon abatement efforts in a supply chain. As this illustrative case shows, external abatement efforts can be worthwhile in practice
Assembly line balancing and worker assignment considering workers’ expertise and perceived physical effort
No full textInternational audienceIn manual assembly systems, workers’ differences in terms of skills, level of expertise and perceived physical effort largely affect the assembly line balancing and system performance. Traditional long-term strategic decisions may not respond to workforce changes and needs, resulting in frequent requests for line rebalancing. In this study, we propose a methodological framework and an easy-to-use Assembly Line Worker Assignment and Rebalancing Problem with different options: workers’ assignment considering their performance variability, integration of worker dependent physical exertion constraints and possibility to use trainers to assist inexperienced workers. A bi-objective linear programming model is proposed aiming to minimise the cycle time and the number of reassigned tasks to respect the initial design while integrating new workers with different characteristics. The ?-constraint approach is used to build Pareto frontiers for this bi-objective problem. This approach is applied to three real cases. The obtained results show that the developed model can be successfully used in manufacturing companies to help the production managers to deal with workforce turnover and skills heterogeneity
Governance quality and international accounting standards adoption by microfinance institutions
No full textNational audienceThis research posits that strong corporate governance leads managers to make accounting decisions that enhance transparency and financial reporting quality. Using a sample of rated microfinance institutions over the period 2005-2012, our study shows that microfinance institutions with higher corporate governance quality are more likely to adopt international financial reporting standards. This effect is stronger for financially dependent institutions
The past, present and future of research on emotions in cross-cultural management
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Design of a robust waste recycling network integrating social and environmental pillars of sustainability
No full textInternational audienceThe design of an efficient Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management network can reduce the network costs, such as investment, operational and recycling costs, and improve its sustainability, from economic to environmental and social perspectives. In this paper, a multi-objective scenario-based robust stochastic optimization model for designing a sustainable MSW management network under uncertainty is proposed. The proposed model has four objectives to seek sustainability from two quantitative and qualitative aspects. Considering the dynamicity of the factors affecting an MSW management network as well as the multiplicity of sustainability perspectives, the proposed model allows, on one hand, reaching a robust solution considering the potential scenarios, and on the other hand, integrating sustainability indicators while creating a balance between the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of such indicators. Moreover, the waste treatment technologies, as the highest added-value echelon of the MSW management network, which also distinguishes the network from a generic waste recycling network, has been investigated in the model. Finally, fuel consumption, have been particularly emphasized as critical factor, highly contributing to transportation costs and Co2 emission that are decisive criteria from both economic and environmental points of view. The proposed model and solution approach are validated through a real case study
Designing fast-charge urban electric bus services: An Integer Linear Programming model
No full textInternational audienceCurrently, there is serious political support for the decarbonization of transport locally, nationally and even internationally. Public transport operators are focusing on the use of electric buses as an opportunity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality. However, using electric buses requires a functional infrastructure of urban charging points. Fast-charging can be made available thanks to the progress made on the major technological charging devices in recent years. In this study, we consider an optimization problem of the design of an infrastructure for a fast-charge city electric bus service. The decisions which have to be made include determining a mixed fleet of conventional and electric buses, points for electric chargers and power stations, quantities of charging plug devices, a distribution of electric buses between the routes, and matching chargers with power stations. The objective is to maximize the route-weighted total passenger capacity of electric buses. An Integer Linear Programming model has been developed to complement the existing non-linear model. The new model is efficient if the number of possible charging spots is small, which is natural and frequent in practice. Extensive computer experiments demonstrate that our approach delivers near-optimal solutions of the studied problem in ten minutes for real-world instances on a standard PC and it outperforms the earlier approach on every instance
Ship-owner response to carbon taxes: Industry and environmental implications
No full textInternational audienceWe consider the effects of a maritime bunker levy on ship-owner profits, trade, and emissions. Standard and augmented gravity models are employed using data from 2016 to estimate the impact of a change in transit time and transit cost on grain and soybean trade flows and on vessel speed. Results for a bunker levy of 50 USD per tonne of fuel, or less, stress that it will not trigger a change in the optimal speed of the vessel which is contrary to most theoretical models that predict an increase in fuel costs will always lead to a reduction in speed and carbon emissions. Bunker levies exceeding 100 USD per tonne may be needed to reduce carbon emissions when trade flows are sensitive to trade costs and transport time, as may be the case for many agricultural commodities
How to Be More Innovative in Clusters? The Influence of Geographical Agglomerations on Its Firms.
No full textInternational audienceThis study aims to understand how clusters influence the innovation of firms. Clustered firms have consistently been considered more innovative than isolated firms. However, how geographic clusters influence firms to innovate is still a black box in the literature. To fill this gap, we conducted an exploratory study of four firms in two clusters: the emerging cluster Alto do Camaquã in Brazil and the growing cluster Sisteron in France. We identify the elements of the cluster that influence the innovation of firms: context, collective strategy, public policy, commercialization, proactivity, external relations, collaboration, assimilation, transformation and application of knowledge, governance, infrastructure, and financial and human resources. We compare these elements with field research and offer four propositions in relation to how clusters influence firms in terms of innovation strategy, culture, management, and infrastructure. The findings indicate that the influence of the cluster varies according to the development stage. We thus identify two development stages and propose a model to understand the relationship between clusters and the innovation of their firms
Pandemic Buying: Covid-19 & Purchasing Behaviour of French Households
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