Collection HAL Kedge Business School
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Ergonomic design of Human-Robot collaborative workstation in the Era of Industry 5.0
No full textInternational audienceThe increasing adoption of collaborative robots to support job execution in manufacturing has catalyzed companies’ attention to safety and well-being issues. Sharing the human-centric perspective and harmonious human–machine collaboration concepts emphasized by Industry 5.0, the design phase of a collaborative workstation must integrate both psychological and physical risk evaluations to provide a safe and inclusive work environment suitable for a diversified workforce. Accelerating the pre-deployment phase to quickly reconfigure workstation design and assess its impact on workload balancing and task sequencing during the deployment of assembly lines still represents a challenging task considering the available software tools. This research proposes a new mathematical model to accelerate the design of ergonomic human-robot collaborative workstations based on task alternatives and the combined consideration of postural assessment and fatigue analyses for each of them to design an ergo-friendly collaborative environment. Surface electromyography analysis is jointly adopted with postural risk assessment measured with inertial measurement units and developed by a digital ergonomic platform to determine the optimal workplace configuration for tools, equipment, and resources to promote physical well-being while considering station productivity. Experimental tests are performed to investigate arm muscles and postural risk assessment for different configurations of workstation design and collaborative human-robot job progression. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility, and the advantages of the proposed approach compared to existing simulation software to quickly generate and assess alternative scenarios and find a trade-off between ergo-quality levels and system performance. The final discussion offers valuable information for decision-makers and practitioners to facilitate the integration of human factors throughout the early stages of ergo-friendly workspace design, while effectively managing the complexity generated by resource allocation and collaborative robots
Organizational Justice towards citizens and readiness for change in local authorities: role of pride and prosocial motivations
No full textInternational audienceLocal authorities are undergoing significant change, driven by political, democratic and financial considerations. It is thus crucial to understand how to foster change in those organizations. Drawing on intergroup emotion theory, the paper explores the effects of organizational justice towards citizens on organizational pride and subsequently examines the influence of pride on readiness for change. Additionally, the paper introduces the moderating role of prosocial motivations, presenting competing hypotheses regarding the relationship between organizational justice towards citizens and pride. The empirical study, conducted with local authority employees in France, employs a three-wave data collection approach. The results aim to contribute to the understanding of the psychological dynamics underlying organizational change readiness, shedding light on the interplay between organizational justice, pride, and prosocial motivations in the context of public administration
Factors affecting the adoption of circular economy in mining companies of developing economies — A Namibian stakeholder perspective
No full textInternational audienceThe factors influencing the adoption and implementation of CE in developing countries are not yet fully examined. By focusing on the Namibian mining sector, this study highlights the perspectives of local stakeholders on CE adoption in a developing country. The mine managers recognized that waste is problematic and that CE practices are beneficial for mining companies and Namibia at large. Our findings also indicated that stronger academic institutions providing CE training and helping develop CE solutions, public awareness campaigns, financial support for CE practices, cooperation among industry stakeholders, and clear CE policy would all help drive the implementation of CE
The great expansion: The exceptional spread of bank branches in interwar France
No full textInternational audienceUsing newly collected data at the city level between 1910 and 1938, this article shows that, after World War I, France experienced an unprecedented expansion in bank branches mostly due to the creation of temporary branches in rural areas. The banking crisis in early 1930s paused this expansion. Nevertheless, the number of bank branches per capita remained four times higher than before the war. Also, the expansion of bank branches was not associated with an increase in the ratio of bank assets to national income. These findings re-evaluate the Great Reversal hypothesis in banking and reveal the disconnection between geographical expansion of banks and standard measures of financial development. Both trends can be reconciled if one considers that banks are multi-product firms-not just lenders-and that competition for new customers is not always associated with greater credit activity
Macroeconomic policy evaluation in an SFC econometric model: the case of the investment program for climate action in France
No full textInternational audienceWe study the macroeconomic impact of climate action policy that would allow France to reach its net zero objective by 2050. This policy, detailed in a report commissioned by the French Prime Minister, requires significant additional investments to be made by firms, households and the public sector. Contrary to the findings of the report, our simulations show that these investments are likely to generate economic growth and reduce public debt. However, since growth increases import demand the trade balance and foreign debt worsen significantly, showing that the foreign sector benefits from France undertaking climate finance domestically. Unfortunately, the cost of climate action is borne mainly by firms and households whose financial position worsens considerably. Our tool for the analysis is a medium-scale empirical stock-flow consistent model built for the French economy (SFC FR)
Multisensory experiences and technology in the context of wine experiences
No full textInternational audienceIn the context of the experience economy, multisensoryexperiences have certainly received growing attention andinterest from both researchers and practitioners to guide the designand management of experiences. Importantly, multisensoryexperiences are increasingly influenced and transformed by anumber of technologies such as those in extended reality (e.g. AR,VR), IoTs, Web 3.0, and multisensory technologies. Here, we present abrief review of how multisensory experiences and these newtechnologies are shaping the way in which we understand, conceive,and design wine experiences. Whilst many examples of multisensoryexperiences and wine can be found in research, most of thetechnology-related examples are observed in industry initiatives. Assuch, more academic research will be needed to clarify when andhow specific technologies might be the right experiential tools in thecontext of wine experience design. Our article ends with some ethicalreflections about the implications of both multisensory experiencesand technology
The march for gender equality of Algerian women: The struggle for spatial and historical recognition
No full textInternational audienceSocial and political anti-government movements have been major headlines across the globe in recent years, with a noticeable participation of women. In the MENA region, such movements spanned Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, and Lebanon among others. Through an ethnographic inquiry into the Algerian pro-democracy movement Hirak (2019–2021), we delve into women's experiences of the Hirak to show how women remain marginalized politically, economically, and socially despite their heavy and praised participation. Using a recognition theory lens, we unveil dialectics of unity and division in the struggle for recognition among women in Algeria, a post-colonial context charged with conflicting ideological stances. We detect two structural dimensions of the struggle, a spatial/physical dimension and a historical/temporal dimension that help surface different gender positionalities and their dynamics as they vie for recognition. We stress the importance of not homogenizing women's political struggles, especially in the Global South
Paradigm shift in sustained employability: relevance of workaholism, job insecurity, job crafting, and presenteeism
No full textInternational audienceDrawing on regulatory focus theory, we contend that work-aholism (a pull factor) and job insecurity (a push factor) con-stitute two critical antecedents that predict sustainedemployability. Moreover, we investigate the mediating rolesof job crafting and presenteeism. To explain and test thesepredictions, we employed a mixed-methods approach andconducted two studies. Study 1 was an exploratory study toexplore the hidden motives behind presenteeism that canpredict sustained employability. The findings (themes) fromthis study guide the conceptual framework tested in the sec-ond study. In Study 2, we conducted a field survey acrosstwo waves on 498 employees from private sector educa-tional institutions. The results reveal that both the pull factor(workaholism) and push factor (job insecurity) predict sus-tained employability through two distinct paths. Furthermore,promotion-oriented job crafting and approach-motivespresenteeism serially mediate the relationship betweenworkaholism and sustained employability, whereas prevention-oriented job crafting and avoidance-motives presenteeismserially mediate the relationship between job insecurity andsustained employability. These findings offer valuableinsights for organizations and HR managers, enabling themto create more supportive and adaptive work environmentsthat align with varied employee approaches to sustainedemployability
Linking Spanish wine farmers to international markets: Is direct export better than indirect export in improving farm performance?
No full textInternational audienceSelecting an appropriate export channel is one of farmers' most important strategic decisions as it determines farm performance. Although direct and indirect exports are two important channels linking farmers to international markets, little is known about whether direct export is better than indirect export in improving farm performance. This study addresses this research gap by analyzing the impact of export channel choice on wine export farm performance, utilizing data collected from 479 wine-exporting farmers from Spain. An inverse probability-weighted regression adjustment estimator addresses the selection bias issue of export channel choice. The results show that the wine export price received by the direct exporters is significantly lower than that received by the indirect exports. Using domestic intermediaries for exportation (i.e. indirect export) can reduce information asymmetry and transaction costs, which enable indirect wine exporters to sell their products at higher prices. However, there are no significant differences between direct and indirect exporters in export volume, value, diversity, and satisfaction. The findings highlight that direct and indirect exports do not generate differentiated profits, and wine farmers should choose one of them that can facilitate their access to international market
Commit professional suicide or take up my pilgrim’s staff again?’: A cultural examination of how female managers resolve shock events in developing regions
No full textInternational audienceHow do key cultural aspects of individualism/collectivism and gender egalitarianism shape the decision making of female managers from developing regions when handling major work–family conflicts (WFC)? We address this question by drawing on a qualitative study of 50 female managers from developing countries in Asia, Latin America, and sub-Saharan Africa who work in one particular male-dominated industry. We examine the major WFC incidents experienced by our study participants through the theoretical lens of work–life shock events outlined by Crawford et al. We contribute to the episodic approach to WFC research by shedding light on important aspects of the sociocultural role of extended families and the collectivistic values prevalent in developing regions, as well as on pervasive (low) gender egalitarian norms. The accounts of our female managers reveal how major events are perceived and how women use multifaceted methods to handle them, allowing us to propose a decision-making framework and associated cues with three broad types of decision making: (1) self-directed—choosing work; (2) consultative—choosing work; and (3) consultative—choosing family. Alongside this, we offer revealing insights into how the abovementioned cultural aspects help to shape the logic of consequences (through which people assess the impact of alternative actions) and the logic of appropriateness (through which people act according to their identity), thereby influencing WFC decision making during major episodes of conflict