Klaipėdos Valstybinė Kolegija OJS
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The Form of the Objects Presenting Vegetation as an Element of Urban Development on the Example of a Greenhouse Design in the Wroclaw\u27s Botanical Garden
No full textThe issue of the palm house or arboretum project in the botanical garden in Wroclaw was directly connected with the need to implement this function for the time, when Wroclaw fulfilled the honorable function of "Wroclaw – a city of meetings " and in 2016 "Wroclaw – a European city of culture".
Existing Wroclaw\u27s botanical garden is an area with much natural beauty, which is one of the major tourist destinations in the town. A large number of visitors, the surrounding nature, numerous trails and water contact possibilities were among the main factors that determined the topic and location of this work.
The aim of this article is the presentation of the discussion on the subject of form of the buildings presenting vegetation in the botanical gardens. During the discussion, I will try to prove correctness of the choice of the amorphous form about the sense of maintaining the form over the function in the case of botanical gardens, or introducing the form as the superior, further defined it as a symbol of the function designed inside of the object
Urbanistinės akupunktūros koncepcijos ekologinis aspektas
No full textThe article deals with contemporary social-ecological concept of urban acupuncture, which proposes small-scale low-cost catalyzing interventions for solving entrenched social and ecological problems of urban environment and changing the wider urban contexts. The work introduces the above-mentioned concept highlighting and illustrating its ecological aspect using the examples designed and implemented in different urban spaces by the French landscape architecture company Wagon Landscaping.Straipsnyje analizuojama šiuolaikinė socialinė-ekologinė urbanistinės akupunktūros koncepcija, kurioje siūloma keisti platesnius urbanistinius kontekstus mažo mastelio ir nedidelių kaštų katalizuojančiomis intervencijomis pašalinant tam tikras įsisenėjusias socialines ar ekologines urbanistinės aplinkos problemas. Darbe pristatoma minėta koncepcija, akcentuojant ir pasirinktais praktiniais prancūzų kraštovaizdžio architektų biuro Wagon Landscaping sukurtais ir įgyvendintais miesto kraštovaizdžio architektūros darbais iliustruojant jos ekologinį komponent
Hangdžou istorinių sodų–parkų kompozicijos ypatumai
No full textHistorical gardens and parks are just one of the most important manifestations of the aesthetics, philosophy and lifestyle of subtle cultures in the Eastern cultures. In the Chinese concept, the function of a garden is simple – to improve the quality of life, to help balance the spiritual and material life, to experience harmony. On October 19, 2017 – November 4, 2017, the author of this paper, Petras Grecevičius, did his internship in China\u27s Hangzhou and Shanghai cities. During the internship, studies on historic classic gardens and other landscape architectural objects were performed, the space structure, plant composition features, plant relationship with building architecture, objects of small architecture were analyzed. We were looking for links with Korean and Japanese historic gardens–parks, and also looked for the origins of the parks of angels. This article presents the study of visitor activity in historical gardens, trends in their current management, the features of plant compositions and the continuity of rich historical experience in contemporary urban space compositions. The main focus is on the planned structure and spatial analysis, gardens and parks in visual and functional relations with the urbanized areas and the lake area. This article provides summaries that may be useful not only for oriental garden designers in the Baltic region, but also for designing various landscape objects in Lithuanian farmsteads or urban spaces.Istoriniai sodai ir parkai – tai tik viena svarbiausių subtilios rytų kultūrų estetikos, filosofijos ir gyvensenos apraiškų. Kinų sampratoje sodo funkcija vienaprasmė – pagerinti gyvenimo kokybę, padėti pajusti pusiausvyrą tarp dvasinio ir materialaus gyvenimo, patirti harmoniją. 2017 metų spalio 19 – lapkričio 4 dienomis šio tyrimo autorius Petras Grecevičius stažavosi Kinijoje Hangdžou ir Šanchajaus miestuose. Stažuotės metu atlikti istorinių klasikinių sodų ir kitų kraštovaizdžio architektūros objektų tyrimai, analizuota erdvių struktūra, augalų komponavimo ypatumai, augalų santykis su pastatų architektūra. Ieškota sąsajų su korėjiečių ir japonų istoriniais sodais–parkais, o taip pat ieškota angeliškųjų parkų kompozicijos ištakų. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiamos tyrimo metu stebėta lankytojų veikla istoriniuose soduose, jų dabartinio tvarkymo tendencijos, augalų komponavimo ypatumai ir turtingos istorinės patirties perimamumo šiuolaikinėse miesto erdvių kompozicijose. Pagrindinis dėmesys skirtas planinės ir erdvinės struktūros analizei, sodų ir parkų vizualiniams bei funkciniams ryšiams su urbanizuotomis teritorijomis ir ežero erdvėmis. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiami apibendrinimai, kurie gali būti naudingi ne tik rytietiškų sodų kūrėjams Baltijos regione, bet ir projektuojant įvairius kraštovaizdžio objektus Lietuvos sodybose ar miestų erdvėse
Исследование насекомых и болезней зеленных насаждений г. Тбилиси, Грузия
No full textEnvironment protection is a very difficult and important problem and it covers many interconnected aspects. Among these aspects green planting management of a modern city is to be mentioned. Since green plantings are a sort of “lungs” of a city, therefore, especially today it is important to protect them from damage by pests and diseases. Our aim was to carry out a pathological research on green plantings of Tbilisi and to estimate a condition of the most common plants on this territory. With this end in view it was necessary to study the species composition of the pests (insects and diseases) on plants in Tbilisi plantings (parks, squares and roadside areas). The pathological monitoring of plants has been carried out in various districts of Tbilisi; visual observation has established that the plants of planes and box tree were the most damaged species. The detailed research also has revealed the pests: sycamore bug Corythucha ciliata and box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis. The bushes of box tree also were diseased by the phytopathogen organisms Volutella buxi and Alternaria alternata. Frequency of spread of plant pests and diseases, their pathological status, and condition have been studied.Защита природы – трудная и значительная проблема, которая содержит много связанных между собой аспектов. Один из таких аспектов – проблема сохранения зеленных насаждений в современных городах. Так как зеленные насаждения «легкие» города, особенно важно защитить их от разных болезней и вредителей. Нашей целью является проводить патологическое исследования зеленных насаждений города Тбилиси и выявление патологии значительных растений на этих территориях. Для этого нужно было выявить видовой состав вредителей (насекомых и болезней) на растениях в Тбилисских парках и скверах. Патологический мониторинг растений был проведен на разных участках г. Тбилиси. Было выявлено, что самыми зараженными были деревья платана и самшита, после детального исследования были выявлены вредители: Платановый клоп-кружевница Corythucha ciliata и Самшитовая огневка Cydalima perspectalis. Самшит был также поврежден фитопатологическими организмами Volutella buxi и Alternaria alternata. Была изучена частота распространения вредителей и болезней, их патологический статус и состояние
Экологическая целесообразность лесовосстановления на отвалах шахт Западного Донбасса
No full textThe content of heavy metals in different structure elements from aboveground phytomass and of some tree species on the mining rock within the Steppe of Ukraine was analyzed. The investigation values of aboveground phytomass for experimental cultures on the recultivation plot were better than for those growing on the mine rock. Heavy metals accumulation by the functional parts of plants largely depended on soil or substrate contamination rate. The concentration of manganese decreased in the leaves of the trees in the reclamation site in comparison with the trees grown on the mine dump.Проанализировано содержание тяжелых металлов структурных элементов надземной фитомассы, некоторых видов деревьев на горном отвале в Степи Украины. Исследуемые показатели надземной фитомассы экспериментальных культур на участке рекультивации были лучшими, чем для деревьев, растущих на горной породе. Накопление тяжелых металлов в функциональных частях растений в значительной степени зависело от степени загрязнения субстрата произрастания. Концентрация марганца уменьшилась в листьях деревьев на участке рекультивации по сравнению с деревьями, выросшими на шахтном отвале
Žalieji stogai ir aplinkos kokybė
No full textThe article discusses the importance of green roofs to the quality of environment, their advantages in the growth of urban areas. The main roof garden "task" is to reduce urban activities, to create a healthier living environment for human, re-built green areas. Green roofs examined in four aspects: ecological, construction-cost, aesthetic and psychological. There is review of the experience of Western countries, in the sprout of public, residential and industrial building roofsStraipsnyje aptariama žaliųjų stogų reikšmė aplinkos kokybei, jų privalumai, didėjant urbanizuotų teritorijų plotams. Pagrindinė apželdinto stogo „užduotis“ – sušvelninti urbanistinę veiklą, sukurti sveikesnę erdvę žmonėms, atkuriant užstatytus žaliuosius plotus. Apželdinti stogai nagrinėjami keturiais aspektais: ekologiniu, statybiniu-ekonominiu, estetiniu ir psichologiniu. Apžvelgiama Vakarų valstybių patirtis apželdinant visuomeninės, gyvenamosios ir pramoninės paskirties pastatų stogus
Gyvatvorės Meškuičių miestelio želdiniuose
No full textOne of the green plantation type is hedges which are not only the plants, but also protects and restricts the territory, separates the plots one from another, fides from the strangers and of course, decorates the houses. Research with plant species, their ornamentality and tolerance to low temperature growing in hedges in Meškuičiai village individual places were done in 2008-2009. Evergreen plant – Thuja occidentalis and deciduos plants – Cotoneaster lucidus, Ligustrum vulgare, Caragana arborescens and Crataegus monogyna are comonly growing in village hedges.Vienas iš želdinių tipų yra gyvatvorės, kurios atlieka ne tik augalams būdingas funkcijas, bet apriboja bei saugo teritoriją, atskiria vieną sklypo plotą nuo kito, paslepia nuo nepageidautinų žvilgsnių, puošia sodybą ir formuoja erdves. 2008-2009 m. Meškuičių miestelyje (Šiaulių raj.) tirtos individualiose sodybose auginamos gyvatvorėse augalų rūšys, taip pat jų dekoratyvumas bei pakantumas žemoms temperatūroms. Miestelio gyvatvorėse dažniausiai auginamos iš visžalių – vakarinės tujos (Thuja occidentalis) bei iš vasaržalių – blizgančiojo kaulenio (Cotoneaster lucidus), paprastojo ligustro (Ligustrum vulgare), paprastosios karaganos (Caragana arborescens), vienapiestės gudobelės (Crataegus monogyna) augalų
Minsko Sevastopolio parko kraštovaizdžio dekoratyvumo ir funkcionalumo vertinimas
No full textThe article treats information about as green areas are never finished as, let’s say, buildings are, planning and creating of green areas as well as their maintenance is a continuous and complicated process. Maintaining a stable state of city green areas in conditions of a high anthropogenic load of a big city is possible only when the needs and the possibilities of its natural ecosystem are taken into account and only on the basis of studying and analyzing the previous theoretical and practical experience in the fields of ecology, green areas development and landscape design.Straipsnyje yra iškelta viena iš svarbiausių žmonijos problemų, kaip išsaugoti aplinką ir racionaliai panaudoti gamtinius išteklius. Svarbus šios problemos aspektas, kaip pagerinti želdynų planavimo, šiuolaikinių miestų apželdinimo kokybę bei sukurti palankias gyvenimo sąlygas juose. Tinkama želdynų priežiūra miesto, turinčio didelį antropologinį krūvį, galima tik tada, kai yra atsižvelgiama į jo natūralias ekosistemas, jų poreikius ir galimybes, remiantis ankstesnės teorinės ir praktinės patirties tyrimu ir analize ekologijos, želdynų vystymo ir želdynų dizaino sritys
Kraštovaizdžio meno raiškos mieste svarba pagal tikslinės apklausos rezultatus
No full textThe article reviews and analyzes the importance of landscape architecture objects in the structure of the city. The research was conducted and the article was prepared based on a survey of participants at the Rietavas Professional Workshop in 2016. The article presents the results and conclusions of the analysis of opinions produced by three groups of respondents (architects, landscape architects and other professions) on the importance of the elements of urban landscape in the spatial structures of the city, of streets and neighborhoods, as well as on the concept of creative field of landscape architecture.Straipsnyje apžvelgiama ir analizuojama kraštovaizdžio architektūros objektų reikšmė miesto struktūroje. Tyrimas atliktas ir straipsnis parengtas vieno profesinio seminaro 2016 m. Rietave dalyvių apklausos pagrindu. Straipsnyje pateikiama trijų respondentų grupių (architektų, kraštovaizdžio specialistų ir kitų profesijų atstovų) nuomonių analizė ir išvados dėl urbanistinio kraštovaizdžio elementų reikšmingumo miesto, gatvių ir kvartalų erdvinėse struktūrose bei kraštovaizdžio architektūros kūrybinio objekto sampratos ir jo vaidmens
Revitalization of Degraded Urban Space of the Town in the Context of Biologically Active Space – the Architect\u27s Points of View
No full textGreenery is an important element of urban content. Its importance was noticed and taken into account during the implementation of many urban revitalization projects around the world. The revitalization of degraded areas through the revival of their by greenery is not only consistent with the policy of sustainable development, but is a contribution to the revival of public space, thus raising its value on the socio-economic level.
Urban areas are degraded mainly due to the natural effect of industrial restructuring in all countries. Economic transformations have left the European countries with a heavy burden of degraded areas and with the weakened market capacity to \u27recycle\u27 them and use them for other purposes. Revitalization of these areas is important for local development, but also refers to social and environmental issues, especially in regions with high unemployment rates. This situation is a serious problem that affects the competitiveness of cities. Degraded areas have not only a negative impact on the image of a given space, but also become a good place for the development of negative social phenomena, in extreme cases even criminogenic. The balance of a complex, multi-layered system that is public space is shaken in such circumstances.
Through skillfully conducted comprehensive analyzes, architects acquire knowledge allowing them to propose a revitalization project that, by showing the values of a given place, is able to convince the investor to become interested in a given space and to heal the urban tissue.
Investors should be offered a solution that reconciles their requirements with the needs of the local community. The solution corresponds with the whole urban layout, smoothly cooperating with it and fits into the socio-historical-cultural context. New urban quality should be proposed as a response to the existing situation.
In the case of revitalization with greenery, a large part of the concepts presented by architects has a significant impact on changing the perception of a certain urban space, its character and quality of life of people living in the area. Most often in cases of post-industrial areas, they change their character significantly through the introduction of greenery and enter into a dialogue with the past of the place.
The very attempt to define, let alone create ideal living conditions, is not an easy task. Such a place should provide not only safe and comfortable living conditions, but also create a common space, allowing for the creation and strengthening of social ties, conducive to the emergence of a sense of local identity, but also friendly to outsiders. The city, which is revitalized with green areas, is able to approach the above-mentioned ideals due to the softening value of greenery and the possibility of creating zones affecting positively the well-being of people and the socialization of residents.
The following study contains examples of various attempts to heal degraded spaces, using the resources of green areas