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GENERATYVUMO PERSPEKTYVA VYRESNIO AMŽIAUS SUAUGUSIŲJŲ MOKYMESI: LITERATŪROS APŽVALGA
No full textIn the recent decades, in the theory and research of educational gerontology, generativity has been identified as a new perspective to view later life learning. Generativity as a context for informal learning may provide opportunities for older adults to gain competencies needed to achieve their developmental goals at this stage of life. Following Erikson’s theory, learning is embedded in an older person’s efforts to resolve the generativity-related developmental crisis, which leads to personal growth (Erikson et al., 1986). The developmental goals in later life are associated with personal development as psychological and spiritual growth, and self-actualization. Engagement in generativity is linked with an older person’s quest for meaning and desire to leave a legacy for future generations (McAdams et al., 1998). As an inner need, it is expressed in investing in the future through sharing the knowledge and wisdom with succeeding generations, and preserving and handing down traditions and values. The search for ways to significantly contribute to the world may lead to reflection and integrity of life continuity, purpose and meaning. Expressing oneself in generative activity may become a strong motivator for learning as generativity in later life is associated with older people contributing to the development of their social environment with their knowledge and skills. The learning experience may be connected with an older person’s engagement in generativity through teaching and mentoring young people, civil participation, productive activity, grandparenting, voluntary activity, or social participation. Engagement in generativity becomes an antecedent of learning in the way an older person aims at competently performing the roles they adopt in their generative environments.
This article presents the results of a literature review based on empirical research studies of generativity and learning in later life published in the past two decades. The aim of the review is to disclose how the context of generativity may influence informal learning in later life. The goals of the study included identifying generativity-related factors which may influence learning, the characteristics of the learning process, and the consequences of learning. Although the scholarship on later life learning indicates that informal learning is a common type of learning in later life, there has been limited research on informal learning of older adults in generativity contexts in the last decades. The review of empirical studies shows that researches provide substantial evidence on learning being an inherent part of older adults’ engagement in generativity. Learning stimulates informed participation in generative activities and competence development aiming at achievement of generativity goals. The literature review shows that there is a variety of learning paradigms associated with generativity context: instrumental learning, social learning, critical and political learning, communicative learning, transformative learning. The dynamics of the relationship between generativity and learning shows that generativity may stimulate the need for learning to be continued in later life. Learning may positively affect the quality of older people’s engagement in generativity, and enhance their performance. The factors influencing learning include older adults’ generative engagement, competences gained in previous learning through career, and the effects of the social environment. Informed generativity motivation, empowerment, informal learning experiences, and reflection are the main characteristics of the learning process. The consequences of generativity-related learning in an older person’s life include personal growth, competence development, and establishment of social roles. Generativity may provide an important perspective for research on learning in later life as an informal learning process. The research on older adults’ learning carried out in this perspective may focus on the dynamics of generativity and learning. The integrative nature of this perspective allows linking motivational, behavioral, and narrative elements of generativity with the motivation, strategies and outcomes of informal later life learning.Šiame straipsnyje, remiantis įvairių šalių mokslinės literatūros šaltiniais, analizuojamas vyresnio amžiaus žmonių savaiminis mokymasis generatyvumo kontekste. Analizuojant generatyvumo ir vyresnio amžiaus suaugusiųjų mokymosi sąsajas, siekiama atskleisti kaip generatyvumo kontekstas formuoja vyresnio amžiaus žmonių savaiminį mokymąsi. Literatūros apžvalga leido išskirti generatyvumo kontekste vykstančio mokymosi būdingus bruožus, apimančius mokymąsi įtakojančius veiksnius, pagrindinius mokymosi proceso ypatumus ir mokymosi reikšmę vyresnių žmonių gyvenimui. Vyresnio amžiaus žmonių įsitraukimas į generatyvumą, ankstesnio mokymosi kompetencija ir socialinė aplinka daro įtaką mokymuisi. Generatyvumo kontekste vykstančio vyresnio amžiaus suaugusiųjų mokymosi procesui yra būdinga informuotu dalyvavimu grįsta motyvacija, įgalinimas, savaiminio mokymosi patirčių įvairovė, refleksija. Asmenybės augimas, asmeninės kompetencijos tobulinimas, savo vaidmens įtvirtinimas yra mokymosi pasekmės, darančios įtaką vyresnių suaugusiųjų gyvenimui
MENTORIAUS VEIKLOS RAIŠKOS REALIJOS IR PERSPEKTYVOS: LIETUVOS POLICIJOS MOKYKLOS ATVEJO ANALIZĖ
No full textIn the analysis of the need for continuing vocational education and training, the problem of activity was observed: officials fail to convey the available professional knowledge and skills by training newly recruited officials on the spot, which superimposed the scientific problem: what are the possibilities of expressing the mentor\u27s activities in the territorial police establishment?Object: mentoring at the Lithuania police school.Purpose: to analyze theoretically the activities of the mentor and to empirically reveal the possibilities of expression of mentoring in the Lithuania police school.Tasks to achieve the purpose of the article: 1) describe the concept of mentoring and mentor, and describe the forms of mentoring, o reveal the peculiarities of the mentor\u27s activity, required characteristics and activity functions in the Lithuanian Police School; 2) to analyze the respondents\u27 attitudes towards the realities and perspectives of the expression of the mentor\u27s activity in the Lithuanian Police School.The analysis of scientific literature was done in order to theoretically describe and systematize and analyze the concept of mentoring and mentor in the context of a Lithuania police school.A questionnaire survey was conducted in order to examine the respondents\u27 attitude to the importance of mentoring in the Lithuanian Police School, to reveal the role of the mentor and his / her behavioral attitudes in the Lithuanian Police School. Data analysis is performed by collecting and organizing data using the Google Forms tool to create databases in MS Excel. The obtained results and data are interpreted using specialized statistical computer software SPSS (Social Sciences Statistics Package).The conclusions of the research: The concept of mentoring and mentoring in the context of professional activity, Lithuanian police school activity is based theoretically (formal, informal nature of mentoring) and acceptable in practice as support, assistance to less experienced officers (protected persons) in developing their career. Mentoring is a mentor\u27s activity, defined as the relationship, the relationship between an experienced and a less experienced officer, during which the mentor teaches, advises, helps and provides feedback. The mentor\u27s activities must be based on the functions of counseling, guidance, monitoring, evaluation, and consensus. The mentor must have the necessary skills: to be competent, respectful, flexible, self-confident and patronized, interested in helping, to be a real authority and example. Social, didactic, subject and personal mentor competencies are distinguished. Mentoring is associated with other areas of professional support and assistance: educational guidance, supervision, staff training, etc., which follow similar principles. Only the Lithuanian Police School itself can decide which of these measures is more useful for officers and the organization.After examining the competencies of a mentor\u27s activity through quantitative research, the respondents emphasize the importance of personal qualities. The main personal qualities that a mentor should have are communicability, flexibility, leadership skills, the ability to be a real role model for the person being protected. The application of all these qualities provides an opportunity for collaboration between the mentor and the protected person. The main functions of a mentor\u27s activity at the Lithuanian Police School are support, assistance to the protected person, development in professional activities, ensuring professional integration. Mentoring can provide the Lithuanian Police School not only with great benefits in terms of human resource development, but also in terms of knowledge management. Mentoring also benefits not only the professional development of the organization or the mentee, but also the mentor himself. The research revealed that it is possible to implement formal mentoring in a Lithuanian police school, because a positive attitude prevails and there are people who are able and willing to become mentors. The research highlighted that mentoring in the Lithuanian Police School focused on information, relationship development and the vision of the protected person is an area of the mentor\u27s activity and behavior that needs to be improved.Straipsnio pirmoji dalis – teorinė, skirta išanalizuoti mentoriaus veiklos teorines prielaidas, atskleidžiant mentorystės ir mentoriaus sampratą, mentorystės formas, mentoriaus veiklos ypatumus, reikalingas savybes, veiklos funkcijas ir kt. Antroje – empirinėje straipsnio dalyje kiekybiniu tyrimu siekiama atskleisti mentoriaus veiklos galimybes, raišką ir perspektyvą veiklos Lietuvos policijos mokykloje aspektu. Tyrimu nustatytas respondentų požiūris į mentorystės svarbą statutinėje valstybės tarnyboje, jos tendencijos ir ypatumai. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomas tyrimas yra aktualus, nes nuo mentoriaus kompetencijų ir gebėjimų didžia dalimi priklauso, ar būsimasis pareigūnas įsitvirtins Lietuvos policijos mokykloje. Straipsnio naujumą ir praktinį reikšmingumą atskleidžia atliktas įstaigoje tarnaujančių pareigūnų požiūrio į mentorystę tyrimas. Vieno atvejo tyrimas padėjo nustatyti ir išskirti pagrindinius mentoriaus veiklos Lietuvos policijos mokykloje elementus ir formalios mentorystės galimybes, siekiant ją įdiegti šioje organizacijoje. Pagrindiniai teorinio ir empirinio tyrimų rezultatai pagrindžia, jog Lietuvos policijos mokykloje formalios mentorystės įgyvendinimas vyks sėkmingai, jeigu sudaromos sąlygos sistemingam mentorių profesionalumo tobulinimui, yra pozityvus organizacijos vadovų požiūris į darbuotojų mokymą ir yra žmonės, gebantys ir pageidaujantys tapti mentoriais
THE IMPORTANCE OF INVENTORY IN MAKING TEAM MANAGERIAL DECISIONS
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to show the importance of inventory for a management team within a company in decision making. The main goal of the team is to maximize the company\u27s net profit. The paper will describe the most important functions of the inventory for the benefit of society and how last minute decisions can be made regarding important activities within the organization, as well as the positive influence of these decisions. In addition, the paper will include several methods of profit maximization that involve constant monitoring of stock levels and replenishment. Careful supervision like this will prevent losses for several reasons, such as damage to packaging, expired products or even theft. Additional benefits include organized inventory, as well as the most widely used strategies in reducing expenses and increasing sales within a company. The main purpose of this paper is to increase the fact that inventory is not only a procedure that companies are required to follow at least once a year, but also has multiple advantages that can radically change profits. The methodology consisted of an analysis of academic publications and specialized books of the authors: Dorel Mates, Veronica Grosu, Aura Domil, Daniela Pordea and Denisa Cretu, publications between 2018-2020 and lectures and papers by Monica Nedelcu and Constantin Bagu have were also used to understand the stock production process, as well as production management, published in 2017. Inventory is an indispensable step in the production and operation of a business, as stated by experts in their publications.Šio darbo tikslas – parodyti atsargų svarbą įmonės valdymo komandai priimant sprendimus. Pagrindinis komandos tikslas – maksimaliai padidinti įmonės grynąjį pelną. Straipsnyje bus aprašytos svarbiausios inventoriaus funkcijos visuomenės labui, kaip galima priimti paskutinės minutės sprendimus dėl svarbios veiklos organizacijoje, taip pat teigiama šių sprendimų įtaka. Be to, darbe bus pateikti keli pelno didinimo metodai, kurie apima nuolatinį atsargų lygio stebėjimą ir papildymą. Tokia kruopšti priežiūra padės išvengti nuostolių dėl kelių priežasčių, tokių kaip pakuotės pažeidimas, pasibaigusio galiojimo gaminiai ar net vagystė. Papildomi pranašumai apima organizuotas atsargas, taip pat plačiausiai naudojamas strategijas mažinant išlaidas ir didinant pardavimus įmonėje. Pagrindinis šio darbo tikslas – padidinti tai, kad inventorizacija yra ne tik procedūra, kurią įmonės privalo atlikti bent kartą per metus, bet ir turi daug privalumų, galinčių kardinaliai pakeisti pelną. Metodiką sudarė autorių Dorel Mates, Veronica Grosu, Aura Domil, Daniela Pordea ir Denisa Cretu akademinių publikacijų ir specializuotų knygų analizė, 2018-2020 m. publikacijos, Monikos Nedelcu ir Constantin Bagu paskaitos ir pranešimai. suprasti atsargų gamybos procesą, taip pat gamybos valdymą, paskelbtą 2017 m. Inventorizavimas yra nepakeičiamas žingsnis kuriant ir veikiant verslui, kaip teigia ekspertai savo leidiniuos
Azoto dujos padangose. Jų įtaka transporto priemonių eksploataciniam saugumui ir ekonomiškumui
No full textIn the operation of passenger vehicles, fuel economy is linked to the way the vehicle is operated. Economical control of the vehicle depends on the engine, transmission, aerodynamic resistance and rolling of the vehicle. Engine, transmission, and aerodynamic losses are usually associated with the construction of these vehicle parts, while rolling losses are related to the vehicle tires and are the only vehicle part in direct contact with the road. The rolling resistance of inflated tires is an important component of the resistance that affects the movement of the vehicle and contributes to the fuel consumption of the vehicle. Much of the research has focused on how various tire parameters (e.g., load, inflation pressure, and speed) affect rolling resistance to increase fuel economy. Recent researches show that tires inflated with nitrogen gas can maintain proper pressure and reduce rubber wear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the use of nitrogen-inflated tires on vehicle safety, performance improvement and reduction of operating costs.Eksploatuojant keleivines transporto priemones degalų suvartojimo ekonomiškumas siejamas su tuo, kaip yra valdoma transporto priemonė. Ekonomiškas transporto priemonės valdymas priklauso nuo variklio, transmisijos, aerodinaminio pasipriešinimo bei transporto priemonės riedėjimo. Variklio, transmisijos ir aerodinaminiai nuostoliai paprastai yra siejami su šių transporto priemonės dalių konstrukcija, o riedėjimo nuostoliai yra susiję su transporto priemonės padangomis ir tai yra vienintelė transporto priemonės dalis, turinti tiesioginį sąlytį su keliu. Pripūstų padangų pasipriešinimas riedėjimui yra svarbus atsparumo komponentas, lemiantis transporto priemonės judėjimą ir prisidedantis prie transporto priemonės degalų sąnaudų sumažėjimo. Daugelis tiriamųjų darbų buvo sutelkta į tai, kaip įvairūs padangų parametrai (pvz., apkrova, dujų slėgis padangoje ir transporto priemonės judėjimo greitis) lemia pasipriešinimą riedėjimui ir degalų sąnaudų ekonomiškumą. Naujausi tyrimai rodo, kad padangos, pripūstos azoto dujų, gali palaikyti tinkamą slėgį ir sumažinti gumos susidėvėjimą. Todėl šio tyrimo tikslas yra ištirti azoto dujomis pripūstų padangų naudojimo įtaką transporto priemonės saugumui, eksploatacinių savybių pagerinimui ir eksploatacinių išlaidų sumažinimui
TARPTAUTINIŲ PROJEKTŲ VYKDYMAS IKIMOKYKLINIO UGDYMO ĮSTAIGOSE: PEDAGOGŲ PATIRTIES ANALIZĖ
No full textDuring the implementation of projects in the educational process, there is updated the content of the education, developed universal abilities, perception, thinking, and values of the students; there is encouraged the ability to act in cooperation with others, acquired practical competence, it has a positive effect on cognitive, social and emotional development of the children. Curricula should include projects as one of the active approaches to a child’s education, creating a safe, stimulating environment that promotes emotional, social, and physical development.
Problem of the research. The websites of Klaipėda city pre-school education institutions and the eTwining platform have numerous descriptions of ongoing international projects, indicate project goals and objectives, and present project results, but there is a lack of research that would reveal teachers\u27 experience in preparing and organizing international projects. It is important to find out how project ideas arise, what methods are used, what problems are encountered in creating and implementing projects, and what competencies are developed for children participating in international projects?
Object of the research is the experience of the teachers in the preparation and implementation of international projects in pre-school education institutions.
Aim of the research is to find out the experience of the teachers the preparation and implementation of international projects in pre-school education institutions.
Methodology of the research.
Participants of the research. Preschool education teachers.
Method of selection of the participants of the research. Criteria of selection. Criteria for selection of research subjects: 1. pre-school education teachers had to work in Klaipėda city pre-school education institutions; 2. Teachers had to carry out international projects during 2019 - 2021; 3. Teachers had to been prepared international projects by themselves.
Sample of the research. Five teachers.
Methods of the research. Analysis of scientific literature, oral survey (semi-standardized interview), content analysis.
Ethics of the research. During the interview, there were observed general principles of ethics: goodwill, respect for personal dignity, justice, and confidentiality.
Conclusions: 1. Pre-school and pre-primary education is provided in the pre-school education institution. Lithuania complies with the essential principles of quality pre-school education provided by the European Union, as well as the general principles of pre-school education and the principles of the educational process. Children attending pre-school education institutions are also assigned to the “Alfa” generation of children who want answers to their questions immediately, who value relationships with peers, and this is successfully developed carrying out the projects. Projects are planned and organized activities of the teaching / learning process, during which children acquire knowledge closely related to real life practice, there are developed all competencies. Particularly important are international projects which develop children\u27s skills, global communication and cooperation as well as the sharing of experiential activities with other project participants. The most common platforms via which there are carried out international projects in pre-school institutions are eTwinning and Nordplus. The role of the teacher in project activities is not only to encourage and motivate students for proactive activities, but also to perform it, giving students the opportunity to choose activities according to their abilities, hobbies and competencies. 2. Summarizing the results of the research of interviews with teachers, it can be concluded that during the development of projects, there is consulted and cooperated with children in order to improve the missing and deepen existing abilities and competencies, therefore the goals and objectives of international projects are formulated based on these criteria. It should be noted that in the being developed international projects a lot of attention is paid not only to the development of all five, but also to the development of intercultural competence. Especially there is emphasized the importance of the use of ICT for both the teacher and the children. The interviewed teachers emphasize the importance of publicizing / disseminating the results of international projects. The teachers share good practices in various seminars, trainings, and science fairs either.Straipsnyje pristatomi ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigų ypatumai, aptariama mokslininkų ir praktikų siūloma projektų struktūra, tarptautinių projektų bruožai ir pedagogo vaidmuo rengiant ir vykdant tarptautinius projektus. Tyrimo metu buvo aktualu išsiaiškinti kaip kyla projektų idėjos, kokie taikomi metodai, su kokiomis problemomis susiduriama kuriant ir vykdant projektus bei kokios ugdomos vaikų kompetencijos dalyvaujant tarptautiniuose projektuose. Tyrimo objektas – pedagogų patirtis rengiant ir vykdant tarptautinius projektus ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigose. Tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti pedagogų patirtį rengiant ir vykdant tarptautinius projektus ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigose. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, apklausa žodžiu (pusiau standartizuotas interviu), turinio (content) analizė. Atliekant tyrimą buvo taikyta kriterinė atranka. Tiriamųjų atrankos kriterijai: 1. Ikimokyklinio ugdymo pedagogai turėjo dirbti Klaipėdos miesto ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigose; 2. Pedagogai, turėjo vykdyti tarptautinius projektus 2019-2021 metais; 3. Pedagogai turėjo būti patys rengę tarptautinius projektus. Tyrimo imtis – penki pedagogai. Vykdant interviu, buvo laikomasi bendrųjų etikos principų: geranoriškumo, pagarbos asmens orumui, teisingumo, konfidencialumo. Apibendrinus atlikto tyrimo rezultatus galima daryti išvadą, kad kuriant projektus yra bendraujama ir bendradarbiaujama su vaikais, siekiant tobulinti trūkstamus bei gilinti esamus gebėjimus, kompetencijas, todėl remiantis šiais kriterijais yra formuluojami tarptautinių projektų tikslai ir uždaviniai. Pažymėtina, kad kuriamuose tarptautiniuose projektuose nemažas dėmesys skiriamas ne tik visų penkių (komunikavimo, socialinės, pažinimo, sveikatos, meninės), bet ir tarpkultūrinės kompetencijos ugdymui. Ypatingai išskiriama informacinių priemonių ir įrankių naudojimo svarba tiek pedagogui, tiek vaikams. Apklaustieji pedagogai išskiria tarptautinių projektų rezultatų viešinimo/sklaidos svarbą. Vykdomi baigiamieji renginiai su partneriais, pateikiamos ataskaitos ,,eTwinning“ platformoje, socialiniuose tinkluose, internetinėse svetainėse. Taip pat pedagogai dalinasi gerąja patirtimi įvairiuose seminaruose, mokymuose, mokslo mugėse
Žinių valdymo modelis sveikatos technologijų ir biotechnologijų atvirųjų inovacijų ekosistemoje
No full textThis article describes knowledge management model in the open innovation ecosystem of health technologies and biotechnologies. The possibilities of theoretical knowledge management, health care technology and biotechnology open innovation ecosystem and knowledge management model for this ecosystem are reviewed.Straipsnyje pristatomas žinių valdymo modelis sveikatos technologijų ir biotechnologijų atvirųjų inovacijų ekosistemoje. Apžvelgiamos teorinės žinių valdymo galimybės, pristatoma sveikatos technologijų ir biotechnologijų atvirųjų inovacijų ekosistema bei šios ekosistemos žinių valdymo modelis
Vėjo elektrinių vizualinio poveikio kraštovaizdžiui vertinimo metodinės gairės
No full textVisual impact of wind turbines located in the region Anykščiai is analyzed in the paper. The main aim of the paper is after comparison of theoretical sizes of visual influence zones and degrees of visual significance with the results of empirical research, to establish possible ways of elaboration of methodology of visual impact assessment establishing visual influence zones. The main results of the research are established major factors of visual impact of wind farms, sizes of zones of visual influence and character of visual impact in different zones of visual influence.
The schemes of the nature of impact by degrees do not change: 1 – visually dominant, 2 – partially dominant, 3 – highlights, 4 – subdominants, 5 – background elements.
Even though the blade-tip height of the major wind turbines (up to 150-230 m) are observed at the distance of 30 km at good visibility, the visual effect on the landscape is produced only by background elements located at the distance of 15-20 km. Dėl didėjančių vėjo elektrinių erdvinių parametrų kinta ir vizualinis poveikis kraštovaizdžiui. Vertinant Anykščių rajone esančių vėjo elektrinių poveikį kraštovaizdžiui ir tikslinant vizualinio poveikio zonas, pirmiausia buvo išanalizuota kartografinė medžiaga ir inventorizuotos vėjo elektrinės (parengta elektrinių išdėstymo GIS duomenų bazė). Taip pat nustatyti elektrinių vizualiniai parametrai. Tyrimo metu įvertintos vėjo elektrinių vizualinio poveikio zonos, poveikio pobūdis, reikšmingumas ir kontrasto laipsnis.
Nustatytos poveikio pobūdžio schemos dėl didesnių vėjo elektrinių erdvinių parametrų nesikeičia: 1 – vizualiai dominuojančios; 2 – iš dalies dominuojančios; 3 – akcentai; 4 – subdominantės; 5 – foniniai elementai.
Didžiąsias vėjo elektrines, kurių bendras aukštis siekia iki 150–230 m, esant geram matomumui galime pastebėti iki 30 km atstumu, tačiau vizualinį poveikį kraštovaizdžiui turi iki 15–20 km (kraštovaizdžio foniniai elementai)
Amžiui draugiškas būstas - galimybės Lietuvoje
No full textThe article explores the concept of age-friendly housing, international experience in creating age-friendly housing, evaluating existing housing, its compliance with the concept of age-friendly housing and the possibility of having age-friendly housing in Lithuania. As society ages, it is necessary to ensure healthy independent aging for members of a productive society, especially the elderly. An age-friendly environment, and especially a living environment, creates opportunities for people to live in their own homes until deep old age. Aging is also possible at home when health is deteriorating and care needs arise, but homes need to adapt to the changing needs of older people.Straipsnyje aptariama amžiui draugiško būsto samprata, tarptautinė patirtis kuriant amžiui draugišką būstą, vertinant esamą būstą, jo atitikimą draugiško būsto sampratai ir galimybės turėti amžiui draugišką būstą Lietuvoje. Senėjant visuomenei reikia užtikrinti produktyvios visuomenės narių, ypač vyresnio amžiaus asmenų, sveiką nepriklausomą senėjimą. Amžiui draugiška aplinka, o ypač gyvenamoji aplinka, sukuria galimybes žmonėms iki gilios senatvės gyventi savo namuose. Namuose senėti galima ir tada, kai silpsta sveikata, iškyla priežiūros poreikių, tačiau namai turi būti tinkami kintantiems vyresnio amžiaus žmonių poreikiams
VERSLUMO UGDYMO IMITACINĖSE BENDROVĖSE EFEKTYVUMO DIDINIMAS, TAIKANT DALYKŲ INTEGRACIJĄ
No full textToday curricula integration is becoming an increasingly important phenomenon in the process of education system change. Integrated education makes sense when subjects are integrated taking into account the multifaceted structure of the intellect and the integrity of subjects. In 2021, research commissioned by the Lithuanian Association of Imitation Companies was completed, the aim of which was to reveal the possibilities of efficiency increase of entrepreneurship education in imitation companies by applying subjects integration.
During the research, it was decided to interview IB managers and lecturers/ teachers working in those study programs where IBs are active. The aim was to interview 84 respondents and the answers were received from 81 respondent.
The research was carried out in 2019-2021. In 2019, a research questionnaire, research methodology, research calendar were prepared.
Given that, there was insufficient number of respondents, the survey has been extended through the period of September-November, 2020. The results of the research were analyzed and a research report was prepared during January – March, 2021. The research method used is a questionnaire survey using a pre-prepared standardized questionnaire designed by the authors of the research. The questionnaire consisted of demographic questions and statements aimed at assessment the possibilities of subject integration in developing entrepreneurship competences in simulation companies.
Based on the analysis of literature review, the benefits of integrated education have been revealed, allowing to systematize information, linking it with practical activities, increasing learners\u27 motivation, encouraging cooperation between learners and teachers. Integration includes comprehensive personality development and integrated teaching/ learning, which uses knowledge of different subjects in various aspects related to the learner\u27s environment. According to the complexity of the connections of the integrated subjects, the levels of connection, correlation and integrated teaching and project integrated education are distinguished.
After analyzing the possibilities of subject integration into IB activities, it was found that the majority of respondents answered that possible integration of the taught subject into IB activities would be integrated at an integrated teaching level, when the chosen topic covers all or many disciplines. IB\u27s activities cover a very wide range of theoretical knowledge application in practice, so subject integration at an integrated teaching level into common practical tasks would lead to clearer interdisciplinary links. Teachers, evaluating the advantages of subject integration in IB activities, emphasize that integrated lectures/ lessons diversify the educational process, they are more interesting, promote independent learning, increase students\u27 learning motivation; integrated teaching promotes cooperation between teachers and students, develops communication and teamwork skills; integration deepens, expands, links knowledge and skills and fosters creativity; it also helps the student to master the complex curriculum as effectively as possible, deepens the acquisition of knowledge, develops systematic thinking and reveals the possibilities of practical applicability.
The analysis of ways to increase entrepreneurship education efficiency through the subject integration in IB activities revealed that collaboration between teachers should be encouraged during update of study programs, development of methodological materials and common practical tasks, employers and social partners should be involved in the process, real businesses should be visited or business representatives invited to lectures/ lessons and practical situations examined. It is proposed to create a shared virtual environment with other integrated study subjects, which would provide methodological material, integrated tasks, a system of cooperation and assessment tools, allowing flexible management of the integrated study process to improve the quality of learning focused on wider use of knowledge.2019 – 2021 metais atliktas Lietuvos imitacinių bendrovių asociacijos užsakytas tyrimas, kurio tikslas buvo atskleisti verslumo ugdymo imitacinėse bendrovėse efektyvumo didinimo galimybes, taikant dalykų integravimą. Tyrimo metodai: analitinė mokslinės literatūros analizė, kiekybinė reprezentatyvi apklausa raštu, statistinė duomenų analizė. Remiantis mokslinės literatūros šaltinių analize, atskleista dalykų integravimo nauda studijų/mokymo procesui. Išanalizavus dalykų integravimo galimybes į IB veiklą, nustatyta, kad dauguma respondentų atsakė, kad jų galima dėstomo/mokomo dalyko integracija į IB veiklą integruotųsi integruotu mokymo lygiu, kai pasirenkama tema apima visas arba daugelį disciplinų. IB veikla apima labai platų įgytų teorinių žinių pritaikomumą praktinėje veikloje, todėl integruojant dalykus integruotu mokymo lygiu rengiant bendras praktines užduotis, būtų aiškesnės tarpdalykinių ryšių sąsajos.
Analizuojant verslumo ugdymo efektyvumo didinimo būdus, taikant dalykų integravimą IB veikloje, buvo išsiaiškinta, kad reikėtų skatinti dėstytojų/ mokytojų tarpusavio bendradarbiavimą, atnaujinant studijų programas, rengiant metodinę medžiagą ir bendras praktines užduotis, reikėtų įtraukti darbdavius ir socialinius partnerius, lankytis tikrose verslo įmonėse ar kviesti verslo atstovus į paskaitas/pamokas ir nagrinėti praktines situacijas. Būtų galima pasiūlyti mokymo institucijose kurti bendrą su kitais dalykais integruotą virtualią aplinką, kurioje būtų pateikiama metodinė medžiaga, integruotos užduotys, bendradarbiavimo ir vertinimo priemonių sistema, leidžianti lanksčiai valdyti integruotą studijų procesą, siekiant gerinti mokymosi kokybę, orientuotą į platesnį žinių panaudojimą
KRITINIO MĄSTYMO TAIKYMAS KONSULTANTO VEIKLOJE
No full textInvestigation problem. This article seeks to answer the problematic questions: do enough employment service consultants understand the importance and meaning of applying critical thinking in counseling? what critical thinking skills affect the quality of a consultant’s performance and what factors determine the implementation of critical thinking? what techniques and tools do you use to apply critical thinking?
Object of research: application of critical thinking in the aspect of consultant activity.
The aim of the research: to reveal the application of critical thinking in the aspect of the activity of consultant in the employment service.
Objectives of the research: 1) to analyze the theoretical concepts of the concept of critical thinking; 2) examine the application of critical thinking to the experience of consultants working in the employment service.
Research methods: theoretical analysis; qualitative research (partially structured interview).
The survey sample. 9 recruitment and employment support consultants of the employment service were selected for the qualitative research. Study participants were selected using a non-probabilistic selection method using a targeted selection strategy. The age of the study participants varies from 36 to 56 years, the average age is 46 years. The gender of all study participants is female, all have higher education and all work experience in the employment service is more than five years, i. y. ranges from 6 to 26 years, which reveals their professionalism in their professional activities.
The main results and conclusions of theoretical and empirical research. Critical thinking is a higher level of thinking related to new experiences and new knowledge that promotes the modeling of future actions, reflective problem solving by making informed conclusions after analyzing operational problems. Maintaining a quality counseling service requires a continuous effort by the counselor to apply critical thinking, not only understanding the client’s attitude toward the job market or desire to change professions, but also helping to achieve his or her aspirations to avoid conflict situations and so on. The analysis of the research results shows that the meaning of critical thinking is perceived by the consultants working in the employment service, as it is related to improvement in practical activities, quality performance, self-assessment, client evaluation, gaining professional trust, and communicating important information to clients. Empirical data reveal that critical thinking in the activities of consultant is crucial to offer the client effective forms of learning, development, employment, methods, techniques, tools, helps to know the client and help him get to know himself, his strengths and weaknesses, available and missing resources, encourages the counselor to reflect, provide constructive and effective feedback, and continually learn and improve their performance. According to the research, the critical thinking of the consultants working in the employment service is important for the quality of counseling, providing effective feedback, reflection of experience, self-knowledge, analysis of one\u27s strengths, weaknesses and areas for improvement. In order to ensure the quality of counseling services, the counselor needs critical thinking skills that encourage him / her to continuously evaluate and improve his / her activities, and to provide a perspective for professional development. The quality of consultant\u27s work is determined by critical thinking skills: positive thinking, the ability to analyze emerging issues, assess the changing situation, perform their tasks professionally and responsibly, encourage the client to analyze the personal situation, listen and help make decisions. Effective factors of critical thinking implementation include professional reflection, self-education, self-education, rational analysis of information, and practical problem solving. Applying critical thinking, counselors reflect on their professional activities, share experiences with colleagues, consult clients, engage in self-education and self-education, plan, coordinate, implement counseling processes, meet the needs of clients, identify learning needs, provide feedback.Šio straipsnio reikšmė grindžiama darbo, socialiniu kontekstu, kadangi analizuojamas kritinio mąstymo taikymas užimtumo tarnyboje konsultanto veiklos aspektu. Atskleidžiami kritinio mąstymo taikymo aspektai konsultanto veiklos aspektu užimtumo tarnyboje, išanalizuojant kritinio mąstymo sampratos teorines koncepcijas bei išnagrinėjant kritinio mąstymo taikymą užimtumo tarnyboje dirbančių konsultantų patirties atžvilgiu. Įgyvendinant tyrimo tikslą, taikyta teorinė analizė ir kokybinis tyrimas (iš dalies struktūruotas interviu). Straipsnyje pateikiami atsakymai, ar pakankamai tirtos užimtumo tarnybos konsultantai supranta kritinio mąstymo taikymo konsultavimo metu svarbą ir prasmę, kokie kritinio mąstymo gebėjimai turi įtakos konsultanto veiklos kokybei, kokie veiksniai lemia kritinio mąstymo įgyvendinimą, kokius būdus ir priemones naudoja kritinio mąstymui taikymui ir kt. Pagrindiniai tyrimo rezultatai ir išvados pagrindžia tai, jog tirtoje užimtumo tarnyboje dirbančių konsultantų kritinis mąstymas svarbus konsultavimo kokybei, veiksmingo grįžtamojo ryšio teikimui, patirties refleksijai, savęs pažinimui, savo privalumų, trūkumų ir tobulintinų veiklos aspektų analizei