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Expérimentation in situ de ZheoPS-RTK, un système d'acquisition de microtopographie low-tech en milieu souterrain
No full textInternational audienceElectrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is an efficient tool to analyse environmental contexts but also to detect archaeological features like walls, cavities or ditches. For a better interpretation, the correlation of ERT measures with the microtopography of the profile is essential. In covered or undergrounds contexts, the use of the GNSS is often not possible.In the case of an ERT measurement, the positioning of each measurement point is generally expressed in two dimensions (x, z). A tape measure can materialize their x coordinate but the z coordinate remains to be measured to take into account the microtopography of the profile in data processing.The initial idea was inspired by the use of a decimetre precision barometric pressure sensor used by paragliders. The drawback of this method is that the measurements produced by this sensor did not only take the variation of altitude but also the variation due to weather conditions into account. Another approach is to use the principle of a real-time correction of spurious variations in the measurement by a reference station, transmitted by radio system as used by GNSS-RTK type positioning systems
Contemporary Pedagogical Innovation in Urdu Language Teaching :Theoretical Perspectives and Pedagogical Reflections
No full textInternational audienceDespite Urdu’s formal recognition in India and its designation as the national language of Pakistan, the language has witnessed limited pedagogical development. Among Urdu speakers, there is a discernible shift toward English —a language that carries considerable social capital and serves as the primary medium of socioeconomic mobility in both countries. In addition, Urdu’s association as a secondary linguistic medium of Islam in South Asia has increasingly confined its primary function to religious domains. Existing instructional resources for Urdu remain largely outdated, with a strong orientation toward Muslim audiences. Although the early decades of the twenty-first century have introduced modest innovations in Urdu pedagogy aimed at broader and more inclusive constituencies beyond religious affiliation, Islamic cultural framing continues to exert a significant influence. Recent advancements include the emergence of digital platforms featuring conciseaudiovisual materials and mobile applications that provide lexical tools to support language learning
Who Wakes the Waker: The Monastic Relationship to Time in Byzantium
No full textInternational audienceByzantine monks had close relationships with time, and they were intimately aware of how it was measured. Using both textual and material sources, this article examines the different ways the designated "timekeepers" of monasteries used time to signal prayer throughout the day and night. Concentrating on Middle Byzantine monasteries from Constantinople, it illustrates the different methods of telling time that would have been available to Byzantine monks and the objects they may have used, and it investigates the complications that came with the changing length of days, nights, and hours throughout the year, as well as the complicated liturgical organization of days and years laid out in typika and horologia. These aspects monastic life demonstrate that the monks understood how to work with time and manipulate it in order to conform to their liturgical and ascetic obligations.Les moines byzantins entretenaient une relation étroite avec le temps et maîtrisaient sa mesure. À partir de sources textuelles et matérielles, cet article examine les différentes manières dont les « timekeppers » des monastères utilisaient le temps pour signaler les prières, jour et nuit. En se concentrant sur les monastères médio-byzantins de Constantinople, il illustre les différentes méthodes de lecture du temps dont disposaient les moines byzantins et les objets qu'ils utilisaient. Il examine également les complications liées aux variations de la durée des jours, des nuits et des heures au cours de l'année, ainsi que l'organisation liturgique complexe des jours et des années, représentée par les typika et les horologia. Ces aspects de la vie monastique démontrent que les moines savaient manipuler le temps et le manipuler afin de se conformer à leurs obligations liturgiques et ascétiques
La débâcle des discours dominants : Sondage 1940 de César Fauxbras
No full textInternational audienceLa Débâcle is a reporting which records the speeches told by prisoners of war after the defeat of 1940. It discloses the hidden transcript of a disrespectful pacifism, which expresses the infrapolitics of the subaltern groups, faced with the pretences of the public transcript which forms the national narrative; the effect of that ironic, carnivalesque, popular polyphony is to depose all its self-constituting discourses: the military rhetoric, propaganda, press, School, great writers.La Débâcle se donne comme un reportage consignant les discours de prisonniers de guerre collectés juste après la défaite de 1940. Il met au jour le « texte caché » d’un pacifisme irrévérencieux exprimant l’infrapolitique des subalternes, face aux prétentions du « texte public » formant le récit national ; sa polyphonie populaire, ironique et carnavalesque, a pour effet d’en destituer tous les discours constituants : la rhétorique militaire, la propagande, la presse, l’École, les grands auteurs
Encountering Universals in Cambodia and Indonesia—Translations Across Historical Multiplicity
No full textInternational audienceUniversals are abstract aspirations that claim to transform the status quo to a better future. They are particulars born in specific cultural, socio-political, and economic settings that aim to generalise across difference as they travel globally. While the contemporary grand schemes under scrutiny in this special issue circulate in Cambodia and Indonesia as part of economic neo-liberalism, rights-based liberalism, or environmental crisis management, they encounter other universals that predate the current era of development. It is thus necessary to carefully consider the influence of previous models to grasp how universals are translated across the region today. Based on the assumption that the universal is multiple, we argue that it is important to focus on these dimensions of its multiplicity and historicity in order to study how processes of (dis)engagement unfold. To grapple this complexity, this special issue brings forth novel forms of translation that will enrich the dynamic reflections on this concept
Editorial of the Special Issue “Flood Risk and Resilience in Coastal Zones and Tropical Islands”
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La politique agricole de l'Inde. Des succès aux impasses de la révolution verte
No full textInternational audienceAgricultural policies have always been the subject of theoretical and political controversy. Their history alternates between the legitimacy of intervention in agricultural markets and the withdrawal of the State from these markets. This book examines the complex notion of agricultural policy.Les politiques agricoles ont toujours fait l’objet de controverses théoriques ou politiques. Leur histoire alterne entre légitimité accordée à l’interventionnisme sur les marchés agricoles et retrait de l’État de ces marchés. Cet ouvrage revient sur cette notion complexe de politique agricole
L'instrumentalisation de l'article 2 TUE, La « guerre des Dieux » par la Cour de justice
No full textInternational audienceLes valeurs énoncées à l'article 2 TUE sont de plus en plus souvent mobilisées par la Cour de justice dans la motivation de ses décisions. Il y a là une forme d'instrumentalisation du droit dans la mesure où cet argument apparaît totalement superfétatoire et traduit plutôt une moralisation du discours juridictionnel. Concevoir l'État de Droit ou la démocratie comme des valeurs, i.e. comme des objets susceptibles d'une évaluation ne mènent qu'à leur dévalorisation et par là-même à une sorte de nihilisme
The Eemian tufa of Resson (La Saulsotte): The climate and environment of the Eemian period (130,000–115,000 years ago, MIS 5e) at Resson
No full textInternational audienceSedimentary archives from the Eemian interglacial period are rare in north-western Europe. The aim of the climate and palaeoenvironment reconstruction at Resson is to address the lack of knowledge about this period and to provide context for the archaeological levels unearthed on the site.An approach combining isotope geochemistry and malacology, which has already proven effective on other Pleistocene calcareous tufa sequences (i.e. La Celle, Caours), is used here to reconstruct the paleoenvironments and paleoclimates.The results obtained at Resson confirm:•a unique record of the initial phase of the Eemian, dilated on almost 7 m, by the gradual appearance of forest species (Figs. 1 and 2).•the identification of a maximum in forest development contemporaneous with the climatic optimum at the top of the sequence (Fig. 2). •the chronological attribution of the site to the Eemian, indicated by the presence of Daudebardia rufa outside its current range (Fig. 3)