Portail HAL - Campus AAR
Not a member yet
163387 research outputs found
Sort by
The interactions between the Syriac, Arabic and Greek traditions
No full textThis article examines the correlations and mutual influences of the Syriac, Arabic and Greek grammatical traditions, in a historical and chronological approach. The spreading of Greek culture in the Middle East during Late Antiquity provides the context for the assimilation of the Greek grammatical theories, first and more clearly by Syriac scholars and translators and later on, through a less certain path, by Arabic grammarians and philosophers. Evidences of contacts among the three traditions grow during the Abbasid rule of the Middle East, from the 9th to the 13th cent., with the progressive infiltration of Arabic linguistic ideas in the works of Syriac grammarians
Tenir dans un monde en transformation : la résilience communautaire comme cadre pour penser les sociétés numériques
No full textComment « tenir » dans un monde numériquement accéléré, où les algorithmes fragmentent le temps, les plateformes instrumentalisent les liens et les paradigmes civilisationnels s'affrontent ? Cet article propose un déplacement épistémologique : mobiliser les pratiques de résilience communautaire bamiléké (ethnie du Cameroun) comme grille primaire de lecture des transformations contemporaines, en dialogue avec des trajectoires biographiques occidentales (France). Ancré dans la théorie de l'accélération et de la résonance (Rosa, 2010, 2018) et dans l'analyse paradigmatique de la transmodernité (Luyckx, 2001), le cadre théorique montre que la crise contemporaine ne relève pas d'un simple changement technique mais d'une érosion des conditions relationnelles, symboliques et temporelles de la continuité humaine. À partir d'une méthodologie qualitative interprétative croisant une ethnographie et des récits biographiques, triangulée avec les travaux cliniques de Braud (2017), l'étude identifie trois invariants anthropologiques — centralité des liens, production de sens, temporalité non linéaire — et une tension structurante entre résilience infrastructurée (communautaire, anticipatrice) et résilience reconstruite (individualisée, réflexive). Cinq dimensions d'enrichissement émergent de l'analyse des données : subjectivation réflexive, fluidité temporelle, mobilité relationnelle, plasticité émotionnelle et sacralité choisie. L'architecture transculturelle qui en résulte est proposée comme cadre conceptuel pour penser les transformations contemporaines, notamment numériques, en introduisant la notion de résilience numérique communautaire : la capacité collective à maintenir liens, sens et continuité temporelle dans et malgré les environnements numériques
Welfare of two cats in a nursing home: impact of the admission of a new resident in a disability unit
No full textInternational audienceObjective: In 2024, domestic cats ( Felis sylvestris catus ) are the most common pets in French homes and nursing homes. In nursing homes, older adults often experience limited social networks, social isolation, and loneliness. The permanent presence of a cat can have positive effects (i.e., reduction in feelings of loneliness and depressive symptoms). As a result, many French nursing homes include resident cats. However, few studies assess the welfare of these animals in such contexts. A cat’s welfare can be impacted by disruptions in the animal’s routine, as observed in nursing homes (i.e., social interactions or environmental changes). This study aimed to assess how the arrival of a new resident in a disability unit of a nursing home affects the welfare and social network of resident cats (Gizmo and Felix). Methods: The study was carried out in a unit with 12 residents, 9 caregivers, and 2 cats. Observations were made over 45 h during a 30-day period, covering three periods: before, during, and after the arrival of a new resident. The cats’ activities and the areas they frequented were recorded using the method of all occurrences sampling. Social proximities between cats, residents, and caregivers were recorded every 10 min using scan sampling to visualize social networks (e.g., for physical contact). Results: Our study showed that the two cats reacted differently to this change. Gizmo spent more time alerting and avoiding others while occupying a new space: the residents’ bedrooms. In contrast, Felix spent less time being active but more time outside the unit. Social network analysis revealed that interactions between caregivers, residents, and the cats were affected. Individuals had the same number of interactions, but not with the same partners. After approximately 10 days, several behaviors showed signs of stabilization; however, not all measures returned to pre−arrival levels, indicating that the adjustment process was still ongoing. Conclusion: Cats and humans began to adjust to environmental changes through behavioral shifts and spatial use, creating feedback loops. Tracking these dynamics via social networks highlights cats as welfare stakeholders. The One Welfare approach emphasizes the importance of architectural flexibility and behavior monitoring to improve multispecies care in nursing homes
Des scènes musicales « fascistes » ? Les scènes musicales identitaires en France (2010-2022)
No full textChapitre paru dans l’ouvrage Vous avez dit fasciste? Formes et traces des fascismes aujourd’hui coordonné par Guilia Chielli, Émilia Héry et Coralie Razous, paru aux Presses universitaires du Midi en mars 2026. Ce chapitre est issu d’une communication faite au colloque toulousain 1922-2022 : que reste-t-il du fascisme? (13 et 14 octobre 2022). Le chapitre a été écrit en 2023 et révisé en 2024. La partie très courte consacrée au Rock against communism a été depuis largement retravaillée et a donné lieu à une publication en français et en anglais en 2025 dans le numéro thématique « La musique et les droites » de la revue Transposition.National audienc
ESCAPING THE WORK-FAMILY BALANCE NORM Stay-at-Home Mothers and Women Who Forgo Motherhood
No full textInternational audienceThis research examines the evolution of the work–family balance norm in France by focusing on women who deviate from it: those who remain childless and those who leave the labour market for childcare. Combining quantitative analysis of the Generations and Gender Survey with qualitative interviews, it explores how social norms, public policies, and gendered constraints shape these trajectories, often framed as individual choices. The study contributes to understanding contemporary changes in fertility behaviours and gender norms in a European perspective
« Veritas occultum revelat » Réflexions autour d'un acte d'ingérence contemporaine
No full textThis text examines a major act of foreign interference that occurred in 2026—the extraterritorial arrest of the Venezuelan president by the United States—to show how it exposes the erosion of the foundational principles of the contemporary international legal order. The author argues that this action violates several core norms of international law (territorial sovereignty, personal immunities of heads of state, and exclusive territorial jurisdiction) and reveals the fluctuating and selective normativity of a system long criticized for its fragmentation, limited effectiveness, and structural dependence on power politics. Through a comparative analysis of regional conceptions of sovereignty (Europe, Asia, Africa, Latin America) and an in‑depth examination of the historical and doctrinal role of the United States, the article demonstrates that the post‑1945 order functions less as a universally binding legal framework than as a flexible structure shaped to a significant extent by American power. The recent events thus appear not as a rupture but as a stark revelation of an intrinsically asymmetrical and politically constructed international system.Ce texte analyse un acte d’ingérence majeur survenu en 2026 — l’arrestation extraterritoriale du président du Venezuela par les États‑Unis — pour montrer qu’il révèle l’effritement des fondements juridiques de l’ordre international contemporain. L’auteure souligne que cette action viole plusieurs principes centraux du droit international (souveraineté territoriale, immunité des chefs d’État, compétence territoriale exclusive) et illustre la normativité fluctuante d’un système longtemps critiqué pour sa fragmentation, son manque d’effectivité et sa dépendance aux rapports de puissance. À travers une comparaison globale des conceptions régionales de la souveraineté (Europe, Asie, Afrique, Amérique latine) et une analyse approfondie du rôle historique et doctrinal des États‑Unis, cet article démontre que l’ordre international façonné après 1945 fonctionne moins comme un cadre juridique universel contraignant que comme un ensemble adaptable, modelé par la puissance américaine. Les événements récents apparaissent ainsi non comme une rupture, mais comme la mise en lumière d’un système intrinsèquement asymétrique et politiquement structuré
Un modèle de dynamique de résilience pour l'agroécologie: théorie et applications
No full textNational audienceL’agroécologie désigne un ensemble de concepts et de pratiques dans lesquels les connaissances de l’écologie scientifique sont utilisées pour la production agricole : s’inspirer de la nature pour favoriser la biodiversité. Nous tenterons de modéliser ici les pratiques de l'agroécologie comme parties prenantes de la résilience des territoires
The Anointing of the Kings and the Liturgy of Hosanna in Aksum: Two Mirroring Rites, Witnesses of Medieval Times
No full textInternational audienceThis article explores the historical and symbolic significance of two unique rites in Aksum, Ethiopia: the anointing of kings and the Palm Sunday (Hosanna) liturgy. These rites, deeply rooted in Aksum’s ancient Christian tradition, served as vehicles for preserving memory, legitimizing power, and structuring urban society over centuries.The anointing of kings was a rare but highly symbolic ceremony, performed sporadically from the 13th to the 19th century, primarily in Aksum. Unlike coronations, this rite was optional and emphasized the divine election of the king, linking Ethiopian kingship to the biblical Davidic model. The protocol, described in the Śər’atā qʷərḥat (Regulation for the Shaving), involved twelve Aksumite dignitaries—descendants of figures said to have accompanied the Ark of the Covenant from Jerusalem—who performed the anointing, shaving, and blessing of the king. The rite’s archaic features and conservative nature helped perpetuate Aksum’s prestige, even as the city’s political centrality waned.The Hosanna liturgy, celebrated annually during Palm Sunday, mirrors the anointing rite. It reenacts Christ’s entry into Jerusalem, with Aksum symbolically cast as the "Ethiopian Jerusalem." The liturgy includes processions, the blessing of palm branches, and the chanting of "Qeros, meros"—a fossilized remnant of a Coptic hymn—highlighting Aksum’s ancient ties to Coptic Christianity. The rite is organized by seven elite lineages (balabbat), who preserve their privileges and social memory through this annual ceremony.Wion argues that both rites reflect a symbiotic relationship: the anointing rite, though infrequent, reinforced royal legitimacy, while the annual Hosanna liturgy ensured the continuity of Aksum’s elite and their connection to the city’s sacred past. The Book of Aksum, a compilation of texts including the Śər’atā qʷərḥat, served as a written record of these traditions, linking Aksum’s history to biblical narratives and the Solomonic dynasty.The article underscores how rites, texts, and monuments collectively preserved Aksum’s identity as a sacred and royal city, despite its marginalization in later Ethiopian history. By analyzing these rites in their historical and social contexts, Wion reveals how Aksum’s elite adapted to changing power structures while maintaining their ritual and symbolic authority
"Infoxicated" Feelings? How Affective Polarization and Misinformation Reinforce Each Other in the US and France
No full textInternational audienceThis review suggests that affective polarization and mis-/disinformation do not simply unfold side by side but often reinforce one another within a saturated information environment, forming what has been described as a polarization loop. We highlight research distinguishing affective from ideological polarization, alongside increasingly prominent concepts of misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation. We argue that this interaction is exacerbated in “infoxicated” environments, characterized by information overload and the pervasive circulation of false, misleading, or ambiguous political content, which undermines citizens' discernment. We then outline the main mechanisms that connect these phenomena, including social identity and in-group norms, cognitive biases amplified by emotion, incentives for elites and media, and platform designs that reward engagement. Using examples from the United States and France, we identify common psychological and technological dynamics playing out under different political conditions. In the United States, two-party competition and a highly partisan media ecosystem dominate, whereas France features multiparty dynamics withing a centre- periphery media structure. Three themes stand out: the influence of perceived in-group norms, the paradox that greater political sophistication can strengthen partisan-consistent belief, and the way online narratives translate into offline conflict. We conclude by discussing potential interventions. While cross- partisan contact, media literacy, and platform reforms may mitigate these dynamics, isolated measures are unlikely to be sufficient. Breaking the polarization loop requires identity-aware communication strategies and adjustments to recommendation systems capable of reducing informational saturation and gradually rebuilding trust
Usage des modèles pour l’aménagement
No full textInternational audienceLes modèles sont des objets polymorphes et de nombreux travaux en ont souligné la variété : la nature des modèles a fait l’objet d’une grande attention, leur usage dans l’aménagement a été moins étudié. Ce chapitre analyse les discours produits par les utilisateurs de modèles sur leur propre utilisation et propose une grille de lecture des usages des modèles numériques en aménagement