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In the name of human value. Religion and ethics in the business world
No full textInternational audienceIt is easy to imagine that during an economic boom, company leaders would focus on their organization's expansion and the opportunities brought by the favorable new environment and consequently disregard social issues, unemployment, and worker insecurity. This idea could be reinforced by our focus, in the third and fourth chapters, on the way in which the social movement opposed employers, brought the question of precarity into the public sphere and influenced the arenas of negotiation in which social policies were forged. In this last chapter, we approach the question from a different angle. By observing how employers and companies mobilized a religious type of discourse in response to the social question and the social movements it gave rise to, we are reversing the perspective adopted at the beginning of the book, which was to examine social precarity from the point of view of the workers' experience. We are also offering a counterpoint to the question of the relationship between precarity and working-class culture that we have addressed in the previous chapters. Without, of course, rejecting outright an approach to labor relations based on the confrontation of interests, we are seeking to enrich it. Our aim is not to show that all business leaders responded to workers' demands and proposed effective policies in response to these demands. We intend to point out that some of them were not indifferent to the working-class condition. Some even engaged in activist discourse and practices, demonstrating that they were attuned to social issues. We are looking at a few of these businessmen who felt concerned by the working-class condition, in one way or another, due to their religious beliefs. In different national contexts, chief executives have shown a sustained interest in business ethics, often tied to religious beliefs, even amid times of growth. In this chapter, we aim to contribute to the current renewal of historiography on business ethics, or the search for a form of ethical capitalism, by highlighting companies and their leaders who have sought to define their role in society and how they might merge business activity and religious faith. This has occurred during periods of extraordinary economic progress -in Japan and France, in the prosperous decades following the end of World War II, and in contemporary China. In each country, these efforts are rooted in a long history that reveals an ambivalence between economic individualism and, paradoxically, a desire to take human welfare and human relationships into account
Les années de fille d'un homme. Tapuscrit
No full textN.O Body, Aus eines Mannes Mädchenjahren, Hentrich & Hentrich, 2022https://www.hentrichhentrich.de/book-aus-eines-mannes-maedchenjahren.htmlRécit personnel de Karl M. Baer qui fut la première personne autorisée à changer de genre en 1907 à Berlin, avec l'aide de l'avocat Samy Gronemann et du médecin sexologue Magnus Hirschfeld
Tempo and mode in biological invasions: exotic rodents in the small mammal community of Bamako (Mali)
No full textInternational audienceSmall mammals are regular inhabitants of urban centres worldwide. The house mouse Mus musculus and rats of the genus Rattus, major invasive alien species, are increasingly present, particularly in West Africa where house mice and black rats (Rattus rattus) are frequently met in commensal small mammal communities. We studied the case of Bamako the capital of Mali, through intensive city-wide trapping, and found a strong dominance of invasive alien species over native ones, with house mouse representing more than half and the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) nearly one quarter of the captures. Shrews (Crocidura olivieri) and multimammate rats (Mastomys natalensis) represented the main native species still found in the city. The spatial and ecological determinants of these species’ distribution were analysed, showing segregation between species at different spatial scales. At the housing unit scale, M. musculus and M. natalensis appeared associated with inner parts of buildings, while R. norvegicus and C. olivieri occured at the interface between the indoor and outdoor environments. At the city scale, invasive species were more abundant in older quarters than in more recent peripheral ones. This was particularly true for the house mouse which probably colonized Bamako during the 21st century, while the brown and the black rats had done so a century before. This process of invasion of a native community of small mammals by cosmopolitan invasive species is discussed in a regional context, as are the potential consequences it may have in terms of public health and social well-being.</div
Corée du Sud: une lecture géographique de la crise
No full textNational audienceCe chapitre analyse les enjeux spatiaux de la crise politique de 2024-2025 qui, en Corée du Sud, a suivi la déclaration avortée de la loi martiale par le président Yoon Suk-yeol la nuit du 3 décembre 2024. Destitué et remplacé par le démocrate Lee Jae-myung élu le 3 juin 2025, Yoon Suk-yeol a fait face à plusieurs procès dont l’un pour insurrection pour laquelle certains procureurs ont réclamé la peine de mort. Ce chapitre propose une lecture synthétique des événements entre décembre 2024 et juin 2025, croisant une approche géographique avec la temporalité des évolutions socio-politiques en République de Corée. Il pointe les expressions spatiales de la polarisation politique croissante depuis la démocratisation du pays en 1987 (clivages régionaux et sociaux), ainsi que les conséquences de la situation géopolitique de la division coréenne dans la politique intérieure
La médiation par le livre comme dispositif capacitant : circulation des savoirs expérientiels dans les parcours en addictologie
No full textInternational audienceL’épidémie de sida a initié une évolution, les patients faisant entendre leur voix et leur droit à participer aux décisions médicales en s’appuyant sur la notion de « démocratie sanitaire » de la loi du 4 mars 2002 (Dodier, 2003). La pair-aidance s’inscrit dans cette dynamique de renforcement de la capacité d’agir des personnes concernées et de reconnaître le savoir expérientiel. Vivre avec une maladie chronique, permet de développer des compétences et des savoirs spécifiques, issus de l’expérience. Ces savoirs expérientiels sont largement mobilisés dans certaines activités du domaine de la santé (Cartron, 2021). L’implication des patients en addictologie est soutenue par les institutions et médié par différents supports. A partir de l'exemple d'un livre sur les addictions écrit par une personne concernée, nous nous demanderons en quoi ce type de production peut compléter les soins en addictologie Une étude d’approche qualitative, par le biais d’entretiens semi dirigés avant et après lecture du livre explore les effets sur le parcours de santé, de vie de personnes accompagnées dans un CSAPA (centre de soin, d’accompagnement et de prévention en addictologie) et dans une UHA (unité hospitalière d’addictologie). L’étude a été menée à l’aide d’une grille d’entretien avant lecture du livre et d’une autre 3 à 4 mois après la lecture du livre, ainsi qu’une double codification par un médecin addictologue pour en limiter les biais potentiels. Les guides abordaient successivement, pour le premier, le parcours de soin, les habitudes de lecture ainsi que l’appréhension et les attentes de la lecture à venir. Dans une logique de complémentarité, le second guide d’entretien abordait l’expérience de la lecture du livre, les informations tirées du livre et les recherches complémentaires suscités par la lecture, les rapports avec les professionnels ainsi que les partages réalisés suite à la lecture. Il en ressort que ce livre est facilitateur du soin, en renforçant les outils et les connaissances acquises au cours des soins, qu’il favorise une meilleure compréhension de sa maladie addiction, et que c’est une lecture qui permet de se mettre en action. Sans se jouer dans une relation directe, cette littérature issue d’une personne concernée peut ouvrir à une forme originale de pair-aidance. Ancrée dans le vécu, elle propose une temporalité asynchrone, favorable pour certaines personnes qui progresseraient par étapes ou qui ressentiraient le besoin de revenir sur certains apports, d’autant plus dans un contexte chronique qui peut connaître des périodes de rechutes
Opening the doors. Legal consequences of breaching international climate obligations in the ICJ Advisory Opinion
No full textInternational audienceIn its landmark advisory opinion on States' obligations regarding climate change, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) tackled the highly contentious issue of the legal consequences of unlawful acts and State responsibility. While the Court adopted a more cautious approach on this matter than it did when interpreting States' primary obligations, it strategically avoided addressing certain questions, arguing that they could only be fully examined in the context of a specific dispute or a more targeted request for an advisory opinion. Despite this prudence, the Opinion delivered groundbreaking insights into the content and scope of States' climate obligations, thereby enhancing legal certainty in this area of international law. By adopting a progressive stance, the ICJ's Opinion lays the foundation for holding States accountable for their climate inaction. It has the potential to act as a catalyst for change, not only by reshaping climate negotiations but also by empowering climate litigation worldwide.Although the Opinion is not formally binding, its persuasive authority could significantly influence State climate policies, particularly at a time when many governments, and by extension businesses, appear to be backtracking on their commitments.In doing so, the ICJ's Opinion may well redefine the legal and political landscape of global climate governance
New directions for interconnector research: drawing from social sciences and humanities perspectives to explore the Celtic Interconnector
No full textInternational audienceThe current discourse on interconnectors primarily centers on the technical and economic aspects necessary for delivering a stable grid infrastructure powered by renewable sources and for integrating energy markets. This article, therefore, explores opportunities to broaden definitions of energy grid interconnectivity beyond the techno-economic sphere. It considers multidisciplinary perspectives and presents novel exploratory viewpoints from the social sciences and humanities. It examines ideas of interconnection by drawing on the Celtic Interconnector, an Irish-French initiative, to explore the cultural, historical, political, and geographical dimensions of interconnectivity. Insights are derived from two workshops with academics in Ireland and France, encouraging a more contextual understanding of energy interconnections beyond their physical and economic dimensions. The article builds on these insights to set out an agenda for future research and reflect on frames of reference for describing, analysing, and engaging with emerging interconnector processes and the multiple stakeholders involved
Intégrer des méthodes créatives dans des pratiques de recherche auprès de personnes en situation de vulnérabilité
No full textInternational audienceThe presentation will explore the contribution of creative methods to research with vulnerable populations. The presentation will cover various methods, primarily visual, and their authors (photo elicitation; photo voice; documentary photography; critical cartography; mind maps; and sensory cartography).L'objet de la présentation est de s'interroger sur l'apport des méthodes créatives dans la recherche auprès de personnes en situation de vulnérabilité. L'exposé présente diverses méthodes essentiellement visuelles et leurs auteurs (photo élicitation; photo voice; photographie documentaire; cartographie critique; cartes mentales; cartographie sensible
