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Vowel Harmony in Dogon Verbal Stems
No full textInternational audienceVowel Harmony in Dogon Verbal StemsThe purpose of this paper is to present further evidence in favor of a Proto-Dogon 10-vowel systemwith contrasts for [±ATR] at all heights, notably drawing upon comparative data from the other 20+related Dogon languages of Mali. Additionally, we report the first analysis of two vowel harmonyprocesses of the proto-language: progressive [ATR] and backness harmony.Vowel Harmony is widespread and varied among the Dogon languages; the direction of harmony andvowel quality have been the subject of debate. Hantgan et al. (2012; 2019; 2024) have analyzed theDogon language Bondu So as demonstrating bidirectional vowel-harmony and an underlying 10-vowelsystem with contrasts for [±ATR] at all heights /i ɪ e ɛ a a̟ ɔ o u/.Within this analysis, the typologically unusual [+High -ATR] /ɪ ʊ/ and [+Low +ATR] /a̘/ vowel phonemes surface as their more common counterparts [i u] and [a] respectively, resulting in a surface-true 7-vowel system. Evidence for the reduction of 10 underlying to seven surface contrasts is seen in the behavior of suffixal vowels on verbs and nouns. While mid-vowel suffixes transparently agree in[±ATR] with the value of the root vowel, roots containing high or low vowels are opaque. That is, astem-final mid vowel emerges as [ɛ e] or [ɔ o] depending on the underlying [±ATR] value of the rootvowel even though only [i u a] appear on the surface.Verbs in the Dogon languages are composed of a root, generally of a CVC shape accompanied by athematic TAM-marking stem vowel: -O for the imperative, -E for the perfective, underspecified -V inthe chaining form, etc. Table 1 illustrates the stability of mid root vowels’ progressive harmony.Dogon Language *téɡé DRIP *tómbé JUMP *kɛ́rɛ́BITE *dʒɔ̀bɔ́RUNBondu So téɡé tómbó kɛ́rɛ́ dʒɔ̀bɛ́Tommo So téɡé tómbó kɛ́rɛ́ dʒɔ̀bɔ́Yorno So téɡé tómɔ́ kɛ́rɛ́ dʒɔ̀bɔ́Tebul Ure téɡé tómbó cɛ́rɛ́ zɔ̀bɔ́Dogul Dom tèné tómbé kɛ̀rɛ́ dʒɔ̀bɛ́Yanda Dom téɡé tómbé kɛ́dɛ́ zɔ̀bɔ́Toro Tegu lékú-rú tóró cɛ́rú zɔ̌wTable 1: Synchronic Dogon stems across themes are harmonic for [±ATR] mid vowelsWhile the stems in Table 1 are comparable, these are no longer synchronically equivalent due to soundchange and paradigmatic leveling. For example, in Yorno So, stems with nasal-final roots can bedisharmonic for [±ATR] features even among mid vowels: see JUMP (Table 1). Furthermore, as seenin the synchronic paradigms in Table 2, the -E stem has been generalized to the chaining form in DogulDom, yet, the postulated ATR harmony remains visible both in the chaining and imperative forms.JUMP Bondu So Tommo So Dogul Dom Toro TeguChaining tómb-í tomb-ó tomb-è tór-úImperative tomb-ó tomb-ó tomb-ò tór-óRUN Bondu So Tommo So Dogul Dom Toro TeguChaining dʒɔ̀b-ɛ́ dʒɔ̀b-ɔ́ dʒɔ̀b-ɛ́ zɔ̌-wImperative dʒób-á dʒɔ̀b-ɔ́ dʒɔ́b-à zɔ̀-ɔ́Table 2: Imperative and Chaining paradigmsThe excerpts from the comparative dataset shown in Tables 1 and 2 illustrate that the same processespostulated for Bondu So can be applied to the other Dogon languages. That is, we believe that the ATRand backness values of the final vowels of the verb stems are the result of inherited root-controlledprogressive vowel harmony processes in the proto-language.ReferencesHantgan, Abbie, and Stuart Davis. 2012. “Bondu-so Vowel Harmony: A Descriptive Analysis with Theoretical Implications.” Studies in African Linguistics 41 (2).Green, Christopher, and Abbie Hantgan. 2019. “A Feature Geometric Approach to Bondu-so Vowel Harmony.” Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics 4 (1): 1–29.Hantgan, Abbie, Christopher R. Green, and Leonardo Contreras Roa. 2024. “Coerced Weight and Its Consequences in Bondu So Verbs. In: Green, Christopher R. and Lotven, Samson (Eds.). The Ghanaian Linguistics Nexus. (Contemporary African Linguistics). Berlin: Language Science Press.” In The Ghanaian Linguistics Nexus, edited by Christopher R. Green and Samson Lotven, 8:213–42. Contemporary African Linguistics. Berlin: Language Science Press. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10949012.McPherson, Laura. 2013. A Grammar of Tommo So. De Gruyter: Mouton, Berlin.Sandstedt, Jade. 2020. A reanalysis of abstract contrasts and opacity in Bondu-so tongue root harmony.Glossa: a journal of general linguistics 5(1): 91. 1–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/gjgl.112
Temps, Aspect et négation en tamang
No full textTemps, aspect et négation en tamang. in Temps et aspects, ed. by N. Tersis and A. Kihm, Paris: Peeters/SELAF. 1988. p. 179-185. Proceedings of the conference “Temps et aspect” Paris, 25 October 1985The paper analyzes the verbal suffixes of a dialect of Eastern Tamang (Tibeto-Burman, Nepal) and draws argument of the possibility or impossibility of negating some forms to argue for and against an interpretation of the verbal system as tense-based or aspect-based.L'étude considère les trois suffixes verbaux principaux qui se rencontrent les propositions indépendantes ou principales du tamang de Risiangku (Tamang de l'Est, parlé au Népal) dans leur relation avec la négation. On évalue les mérites respectifs d'une analyse en terme de temps et en terme d'aspect
Rituals of inauguration: Temporalities and Spatialities in the Maya Area and Mesoamerica
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Да отворим очи и да се вслушаме: деконструирането на речта на омразата в съвременната българска литература
No full textInternational audienceRelatively new in the Bulgarian public arena, the expression “hate speech” is helping to give greater recognition to hateful feelings as a basis for certain forms of discrimination in society. The literary production of the last ten years has also marked a significant change in this direction, taking up subjects that were previously marginal or completely absent from books of fiction and works of literary history. Alongside the large body of stories about conflicts between ideological opponents, there are now novels and poetry books that openly address issues of collective intolerance towards ethnic and sexual minorities. Hate, however, manifests itself in different forms which, paradoxically, produce a similar effect: the invisibilisation of otherness and, in some cases, the denial of its existence. In this article, I examine the various aspects of hatred through their representation in the most recent Bulgarian literature, while placing them in a historical perspective. The aim is to show that, after having helped to forge the prejudices that fuel fear and intolerance, literature can also contribute to their deconstruction.Relativement nouvelle dans l’espace public bulgare, l’expression « discours de haine » contribue à mieux reconnaître les sentiments haineux comme fondement de certaines discriminations au sein de la société. La production littéraire des dix dernières années marque aussi un changement notable dans ce sens en s’emparant de sujets jusqu’alors marginaux, voire totalement absents des livres de fiction et des ouvrages d’histoire littéraire. Aussi trouve-t-on désormais, à côté du large corpus d’histoires de conflits opposant des adversaires idéologiques, des romans et des recueils de poésie traitant ouvertement de problématiques liées à l’intolérance collective à l’égard des minorités ethniques et sexuelles. La haine, cependant, se manifeste sous différentes formes qui, paradoxalement, produisent un effet similaire : l’invisibilisation de l’altérité, quand ce n’est pas le déni de son existence. Je me propose dans cet article d’examiner les divers aspects de la haine à travers leurs représentations dans la production littéraire bulgare la plus récente, tout en les plaçant dans une perspective historique. Il s’agit de montrer que, après avoir aidé à forger les préjugés nourrissant la peur et l’intolérance, la littérature peut tout autant contribuer à les déconstruire.Cравнително нов в българското публично пространство, изразът „реч на омразата“ спомага за по-доброто припознаване на ненавистните чувства като основа за определени форми на дискриминация в обществото. Литературната продукция от последните десет години също бележи значителна промяна в тази насока, като работи с теми, които преди са били маргинални или дори напълно отсъстващи от художествената литература и литературната история. Така наред с големия брой разкази за конфликти между идеологически врагове, вече има романи и стихосбирки, които открито разглеждат проблемите на колективната нетърпимост към етническите и сексуалните малцинства. Омразата обаче се проявява в различни форми, които парадоксално водят до сходен ефект: другостта остава невидима, а в определени случаи се стига и до отричане на нейното съществуване. В статията разглеждам различните аспекти на омразата през нейните въплъщения в най-новата българска литература, като същевременно ги поставям в историческа перспектива. Целта е да се покаже, че след като е спомогнала за формирането на предразсъдъците, подхранващи страха и нетолерантността, литературата може да допринесе и за тяхното деконструиране
Tropical Nature. Colonial and Post-Colonial Conservation in Africa and Asia
No full textInternational audienceAcross Africa and South-East Asia, the impulse to protect nature often dovetails with the domination of local people. From mass displacement to severe restrictions on land use and daily acts of violence, conservation work risks reproducing Eurocentric modes of colonialism and worsening the effects of the climate crisis. In this insightful and wide-ranging study of the colonial history of conservation, Tropical Nature seeks to provide a much-needed history of the Global South from its own perspective. Comparing case studies ranging from Ali Bongo’s Gabon, to the postcolonial African itinerary of the agronomist Arthur Bunting, this volume advances a “small-scale global history” that deciphers the relations binding human societies to the non-human world
La traduction littéraire: l’étranger comme refuge et "patrie"
No full textSéminaire "La part de l’étranger", 3 avril 2025 (coordination Eve de Dampierre-Noiray et Isabelle Poulin (Université Bordeaux Montaigne, UR Plurielles, équipe Littératures & Mondes)Rencontre avec Marie Vrinat-Nikolov dans le cadre du séminaire "La part de l’étranger", 3 avril 2025 (coordination Eve de Dampierre-Noiray et Isabelle Poulin (Université Bordeaux Montaigne, UR Plurielles, équipe Littératures Mondes).Sa communication porte sur sa trajectoire, son refus d’un lieu racine et du refuge de la traduction, de ce qu’être en lien avec des étudiants traduisant à partir de ou dans des langues différentes apporte à sa réflexion et à sa pratique
"Speech to which no one says mhmm is an orphan": Backchanneling in Kambaata conversations: Paper presented at the online meeting of the Rift Valley Network
No full textIn our talk, we present an overview of backchanneling devices as they are attested in interactive language data from the Ethiopian language Kambaata (Cushitic). Backchannels signal to interlocutors that one is listening and waiting for them to continue (see, e.g., Dingemanse, Liesenfeld; Woensdregt 2022), and as the proverb in our title (quoted from Alamu & Alamaayyo 2017: 152) is meant to illustrate, Kambaata speakers actually expect their interlocutors to engage in backchanneling when they are speaking. Kambaata backchannels belong to the word class of interjections. In a first step, we identify them in our recorded texts according to their function and distinguish them from other responses (e.g. gárita ‘(it’s) true’, ekku ‘okay, I agree’, ishshi & Amharic loan ‘okay, I agree’). Then we classify them according to their phonetic forms. The following preliminary types are proposed: 1. a closed, nasal mhmm ~ ũhũũ,* 2. an open, nasal ɑ̃ɑ̃ ~ ɑ̃hɑ̃ɑ̃, 3. a front-vowel, non- nasal ee, and, most notably, 4. an ingressive (inhaled) feedback signal [↓] (Eklund 2008) . Our paper tries to formulate hypotheses about their distribution and discusses in how far they are exchangeable or expressions of subtle differences in the type of feedback they provide. The paper is based on recorded, transcribed and translated two- and three-party conversations, about such diverse topics as beekeeping, blessing and cursing traditions, and exchanges about picture stories (cf. Kambaata deposit of Treis 2024-2025). At the moment of writing this abstract, the transcribed sample texts feature altogether 13 different speakers and contain 5221 annotated backchannels
Introduction : Unité et diversité des littératures d’Asie du Sud : délimitations, circulations, périodisation
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Verbless Sentences: An English and Russian Multidimensional Contrastive Corpus Study
No full textAutre titre : Verbless Sentences: A Contrastive Corpus Approach to Absence in English and Russian.National audienceCentral to any theory of language is the question of what precisely constitutes a sentence. This seminar explores the theoretically controversial and often marginalized phenomenon of the verbless sentence, i.e. structures in which the typical syntactic marker of sentential status – the verbal predicate – is absent. Although such structures exist in many languages (e.g. Bertinetto et al., forthcoming; Goldberg & Perek, 2019; Bîlbîie, 2017; Landolfi et al., 2010; Merle, 2009; Elugardo & Stainton, 2005; Behr et al., 2005; Guillemin-Flescher, 2005; Fernández & Ginzburg, 2002; Lefeuvre, 2001; Benveniste, 1971), their study has been limited by challenges in automatic retrieval. We develop their processing and take a contrastive corpus approach to the phenomenon. Persuaded that linguistic constraints hidden from a monolingual perspective can emerge in cross-linguistic comparison, we examine the structures in two languages that have profoundly different typological characteristics regarding the verb: English and Russian (e.g. Stassen, 2013; Weiss, 2013; Kopotev, 2007; McShane, 2000). We develop a multidimensional methodological framework that combines contrastive linguistics with corpus-driven methods and enunciative analysis, with the goal of (a) providing a corpus-based description of the semantico-pragmatic features associated with the absence of the verb in English and Russian and (b) exploring the theoretical implications of the results for linguistic models of the ‘sentence’
Liberal adaptation or literal rendition? Two distinct approaches to translation in the case of a 17th-century manual of craftsmanship, the Mecmū‘atü’ṣ-Ṣanāyi‘
No full textInternational audienceThe Majmū‘at al-Ṣanāyi‘ is a compendium of arts, crafts, and techniques composed in Persian by an unidentified author. The book is provisionally dated to the late 16th century and connected to both Safavid Iran and Mughal India; the details of its composition and circulation, however, remain to be elucidated. In the late 17th century, this book was translated twice into Ottoman Turkish. Extant in 9 manuscripts, the first translation was realised at the request of Abdāl Khān (r. ca. 1622–64), Kurdish emir of Bidlīs, whereas the second translation, extant in 13 manuscripts, was possibly produced in Gülşenī circles, wherein it notably circulated.Taken together, both translations were widely diffused in Ottoman lands, from the shores of Lake Van to the Aegean Sea, Egypt, and the Balkans. Composed in different milieus, they also display different attitudes towards translation, one being a literal rendition and the other a liberal adaptation. Can these distinctive approaches be explained by contextual elements? Did the translations thus produced serve similar purposes? On the basis of insights gained from both textual analysis and paratextual examination, I will try and address these and other related questions, as a contribution to broader debates on the theory and practice of Ottoman translation