Portail HAL Paris School of Economics (PSE)
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The limits of behavioral nudges to increase youth turnout: Experimental evidence from two French elections
No full textInternational audienceThere is a significant gap in turnout between young people and older voters. The failure to instill a voting habit at an early age may have long term consequences in terms of future political participation as well as on other civic behaviors. Using a pre-registered online experiment with 3790 subjects, we implemented behavioral interventions aiming to stimulate youth turnout in the 2022 French presidential election. We rely on an innovative incentive scheme to measure their consequences on (self-reported) actual voting behavior. We also provide evidence on the effect of one behavioral intervention on youth turnout in a less salient election, the French legislative election that took place two months after the Presidential one. The results from the two experiments show the absence of any differences in turnout between the baseline and the treatment conditions. We investigate several mechanisms that can explain our results
Is Migration Good for the Public Finances
No full textInternational audienceIs Migration Good for the Public Finances
Sick of Working from Home?
No full textInternational audienceWe explore the consequences of the development of home working for wages, hours worked and employee health in the post COVID era. We base our research strategy on a French law passed in 2017 to encourage telework agreements between employers and employees. In the months following the law, many establishments signed telework agreements, and we show that this subsequently led to a much greater development of home working in these establishments after the epidemic shock in 2020. This increase was particularly significant in mid-level occupations, and was followed by a deterioration in the health of the employees concerned, particularly men
Free Trade Agreements and the movement of business people
No full textInternational audienceUsing provisions to ease the movement of business visitors in trade agreements, we show that removing barriers to the movement of business people promotes trade. We document the increasing complexity of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and develop an algorithm that combines machine learning and text analysis techniques to examine the content of FTAs. We use the algorithm to determine which FTAs include provisions to facilitate the movement of business people and whether these are included in dispute settlement mechanisms. We show that provisions facilitating business travel are effective in promoting them and eventually increase bilateral trade flows. The paper provides (indirect) evidence of the role of face-to-face interaction on aggregate bilateral trade flows
Macroeconomic Instability, Migration, and the Option Value of Education
No full textInternational audienceMacroeconomic Instability, Migration, and the Option Value of Educatio
A Simple Theory of Deep Trade Integration
No full textInternational audienceWhich countries should aim for regulatory cooperation, and to what extent should they pursue it? We develop an imperfectly competitive trade model that accounts for differences in technology and regulatory preferences regarding local consumption externalities across countries. Each country sets unique product standards, and firms incur costs when tailoring products to different markets. Trade occurs when the benefits of comparative advantages outweigh the desire for asymmetric regulations. Our findings indicate that regulatory cooperation, defined as the cooperative setting of standards, is most advantageous for countries with moderate differences in regulatory preferences. Shallow integration, however, falls short of achieving the optimal planner’s solution. Countries with strong comparative advantages in distinct externality-generating goods can pursue deeper regulatory cooperation through mutual regulatory concessions. Additionally, when regulatory preferences are highly dispersed, international cooperation tends to form regulatory blocs
Diversity and social capital within the workplace: Evidence from Britain
No full textInternational audienceThis article uses the British Workplace Employee Relations Survey to investigate the links between gender or ethnic diversity and workers' level of trust in managers or the extent of identity with the values and objectives of the firm – dimensions of what we might call social capital within the workplace. These are both factors that one might expect to make firms more cooperative and, hence, productive. Controlling for plants workforce composition, we find an opposite effect of females and ethnic minorities: a higher female share in the plant is associated with higher trust and identity for both men and women (men much more than women), while a higher minority share is associated with lower trust and identity
Strategic Fertility, Education Choices, and Conflicts in Deeply Divided Societies
No full textInternational audienceFertility becomes a strategic choice for minorities when having a larger share of the population helps to increase power. If parents invest resources to educate their children, then raising fertility for strategic reasons might be at the cost of future human capital. We dispel this view using census data from several developing countries. We show that religious and ethnic minorities in Indonesia, China, and Malaysia tend to invest more in both education and fertility compared to larger groups. Solving for the Nash equilibrium of an appropriation game between two groups with education and fertility being prescribed as group-specific behavioral norms, we offer a rationale for the observed patterns provided that human capital is an important input to appropriation
L'indice d'efficacité des dépenses publiques appliqué à l'internat d'excellence de Sourdun
No full textCe Focus présente un outil d'évaluation des politiques publiques appelé indice d'efficacité des dépenses publiques (EDP) — Marginal Value of Public Funds (MVPF) en anglais. Cet outil mesure les bénéfices sociaux générés par euro net investi dans une politique donnée. Il s'agit donc d'une métrique utile pour éclairer les choix publics : en permettant de comparer différentes politiques publiques selon la valeur qu'elles créent pour la société, l'EDP offre un cadre rigoureux pour prioriser l'allocation des ressources. En guise d'illustration, l'analyse s'appuie sur le cas de l'internat d'excellence de Sourdun, un dispositif qui vise à offrir de meilleures conditions de scolarisation à des jeunes issus de milieux défavorisés