Portail HAL HEC
Not a member yet
4784 research outputs found
Sort by
Resource Reconfiguration in Human-Capital-Intensive Firms
No full textExtant research has highlighted the importance of resource reconfiguration for firm performance and has identified important drivers of the reconfiguration of macro-level resources, e.g. business units, focusing primarily on supply-side factors. Yet less is known about drivers of the reconfiguration of micro-level resources, e.g. human assets, and about the role which demand-side factors play in resource reconfiguration. We address these gaps and investigate how client-related factors influence the reconfiguration of micro-level resources in human-asset-intensive firms. Using fine-grained data on law firms advising on M&A mandates, we find that law firms are less likely to reconfigure their human assets (lawyers) on mandates for high-status clients, but more likely to reconfigure them when a client has a greater proclivity to switch business between multiple suppliers. Law firms also reconfigure their human assets less for incoming client projects when they have provided prior M&A services to the client, but they are more likely to reconfigure them when the client relationship has a broader scope. Finally, we also show that the size of a firm’s client portfolio lowers reconfiguration. Our paper extends the literature on resource reconfiguration by explicating antecedents of the reconfiguration of micro-level resources and by highlighting the role demand-side factors play in it. We also contribute to the strategic human capital literature by showing how demand-side factors shape human capital deployment. Finally, we also add to the micro-foundations of resource-based theory by studying important micro-foundational processes underlying a firm’s capacity to reconfigure its resources
Increasing consumer well-being: risk as potential driver of happiness
No full textInternational audienceThis article investigates the relation between risk and individual well-being. We propose a theoretical model of happiness that makes a distinction between ex ante evaluations of happiness and ex post assessments. The main assumptions of the model are tested through three studies based on anchoring vignettes. We show that, even if, ex ante, consumers fear high risk and do not associate it to a high level of happiness, their ex post evaluation of well-being is generally higher when identical consequences result from a high-risk situation than from a low-risk situation. Control over risk-taking reinforces the gap between ex ante and ex post measures of happiness. Thus, our article provides empirical evidence about a positive relation between risk and individual well-being, suggesting that risky experiences have the potential to increase consumer well-bein
Pitfalls in Systemic-Risk Scoring
No full textWe identify several shortcomings in the systemic-risk scoring methodology currently used to identify and regulate Systemically Important Financial Institutions (SIFIs). Using newly-disclosed regulatory data for 119 US and international banks, we show that the current scoring methodology severely distorts the allocation of regulatory capital among banks. We then propose and implement a methodology that corrects for these short-comings and increases incentives for banks to reduce their risk contributions. Unlike the current scores, our adjusted scores are mainly driven by risk indicators directly under the control of the regulated bank and not by factors that are exogenous to the bank, such as exchange rates or other banks' actions
Better to Have Led and Lost than Never to Have Led at All? Competitive Dethronement, the Endowment Effect, and Risk Taking
No full textIn this paper, we develop a theoretical model and offer a first empirical test of how competitive dethronement affects managerial risk taking. Drawing on the mechanism of endowment effect and reference-dependent utility theory, we predict that former market leaders take more risks compared to, otherwise identical, competitors. We empirically test this prediction using two contexts allowing us to use different methods to operationalize risk. The first setting draws on field data from a two-month banking sales contest. The second, quasi-laboratory, data comes from an educational game. Consistent with model’s prediction, we find that dethronement is associated with increased risk taking but that the endowment effect leading to such response decays over time. In contrast, a mere decline in performance ranking does not have the same effect
NGOs and the Creation of Value in Supply Chains
No full textFirms and NGOs often collaborate to establish new supply chains. With a formal model, we analyze how NGOs can alleviate market failures and improve supplier economic inclusion while strategically interacting with firms. We account for the specific goals of the NGO and the need to induce collaboration between firms and their suppliers. The analysis reveals a "valley of disappointment", when NGO efforts benefit all actors but only marginally the firm. We also show that more powerful firms might prefer to internalize NGO functions, while firms with lower bargaining power and higher investment requirements are better off collaborating with NGOs. Finally, we study NGOs-firms matching patterns and find that firms with higher bargaining power match with NGOs holding stronger capabilities
The Effects of Acquisitions on the Value of Rivals in a Winner-Take-Mostt Economy
No full textAverage stock price reactions of industry rivals in horizontal U.S. mergers and acquisitions around deal announcements are robustly negative. This finding is in contrast to the results in the existing literature, which focuses on smaller samples of deals involving mostly publicly listed firms. Rivals’ returns are more negative in growing and concentrated industries. Moreover, the negative rivals’ stock price reactions are related to future decreases in operating performance, increased probability of bankruptcy and challenges by antitrust authorities, and increased probability of rivals’ future acquisitions. Overall, these results suggest that M&As have strong competitive effects for the rivals of target companies
Herding in Equity Crowdfunding
No full textDo equity crowdfunding investors herd? We build a model where informed and uninformed investors arrive sequentially and choose whether and how much to invest. We test the model using data of investments on a leading European equity crowdfunding platform. We show theoretically and find empirically that the size and likelihood of a pledge is affected positively by the size of the most recent pledges, and negatively by the time elapsed since the most recent pledge. The empirical analysis is inconsistent with naive herding, independent investments, or exogenously correlated investments
Persuasion Bayésienne pour la Coordination Stratégique d'Appareils Autonomes ayant des Objectifs Non-Alignés
No full textInternational audienceThis paper investigates the strategic coordination of autonomous devices endowed with non-aligned utility functions for a source-channel point-to-point scenario. This problem is related to Game Theory, more precisely to " Bayesian Persuasion " investigated in [1]. The objectif of the encoder is not to transmit information, but to control the posterior beliefs of the decoder, in order it chooses the most favorable action. This work was presented in part at the 54th Allerton Conference 2016 [2].Cet article s'intéresse à la coordination stratégique que des appareils autonomes peuvent mettre en oeuvre. Nous considérons le problème source-canal point-à-point lorsque l'encodeur et le décodeur sont munis de fonction d'utilité non-alignées. Ce problème fait appel aux outils de la Théorie des Jeux, notamment à la " Persuasion Bayésienne" étudiée dans [1]. L'objectif de l'encodeur n'est plus de transmettre de l'information mais de contrôler les croyance du décodeur afin de l'amener à choisir l'action la plus favorable. Ce travail a été présenté en partie, à la 54ème conférence d'Allerton en 2016 [2]
Regularized Generalized Canonical Correlation Analysis: A Framework for Sequential Multiblock Component Methods
No full textInternational audienceA new framework for sequential multiblock component methods is presented. This framework relies on a new version of regularized generalized canonical correlation analysis (RGCCA) where various scheme functions and shrinkage constants are considered. Two types of between block connections are considered: blocks are either fully connected or connected to the superblock (concatenation of all blocks). The proposed iterative algorithm is monotone convergent and guarantees obtaining at convergence a stationary point of RGCCA. In some cases, the solution of RGCCA is the first eigenvalue/eigenvector of a certain matrix. For the scheme functions x, |x|, x^2 or x^4 and shrinkage constants 0 or 1, many multiblock component methods are recovered
Performance-Based Contracts for Energy Efficiency Projects
No full textEnergy efficiency projects are often executed by specialized entities, namely energy service companies (ESCOs). A typical ESCO's core business is conducted using performance-based contracts, whereby payment terms depend on the energy savings achieved. Despite their success in public, commercial, and industrial sectors, ESCOs in the residential sector are involved in fewer projects and face several challenges. First, an energy efficiency project often leads to changed consumption behavior; hence it is more difficult to evaluate the energy savings that are due to the project itself. The second challenge is that residential clients are more risk averse and, thus, less willing to contract for projects whose outcomes are uncertain. Third, a lack of monitoring protocols leads to ESCO's moral hazard problems. This paper studies ESCO contract design issues, focusing primarily on the residential market for energy efficiency. As opposed to other sectors, coordinating contracts do not exist. We show, however, that simple piecewise linear contracts work reasonably well. To improve their profitability, ESCOs can reduce uncertainty about the technology employed and/or develop ways of verifying post-project energy efficiency. Since policy makers are understandably keen to promote energy efficiency, we show also how regulations and monetary incentives can reduce inefficiencies in ESCOs' relationships and thereby maximize environmental benefits