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Persuasion with limited communication capacity
No full textInternational audienceWe consider a Bayesian persuasion problem where the persuader and the decision maker communicate through an imperfect channel which has a fixed and limited number of messages and is subject to exogenous noise. Imperfect communication entails a loss of payoff for the persuader. We establish an upper bound on the payoffs the persuader can secure by communicating through the channel. We also show that the bound is tight: if the persuasion problem consists of a large number of independent copies of the same base problem, then the persuader can achieve this bound arbitrarily closely by using strategies which tie all the problems together. We characterize this optimal payoff as a function of the information-theoretic capacity of the communication channel
Local Ratcheting Phenomena in the Cyclic Behavior of Polycrystalline Tantalum
No full textInternational audienceA direct numerical simulation of the cyclic response of a 250 grain polycrys-talline aggregate over more than 1000 cycles is presented, which belongs to the few available simulations including a significant number of cycles. It provides unique results on the evolution of accumulated plastic strain and ratcheting phenomena inside the grains. Even though the average stress strain response is stabilized after 500 cycles, unlimited ratchet-ing is observed at some locations close to grain boundaries and triple junctions. A clear surface effect of the ratcheting behavior is evidenced based on an appropriate combination of Dirichlet, Neumann and periodic boundary conditions. The magnitude of the ratcheting indicator is found to be significantly higher at the free surface than in the middle section of the aggregate. The studied material is pure tantalum tested at room temperature for both single and polycrystalline samples used for parameter identification of the crystal plasticity model. Special attention is dedicated to the modeling of static strain aging effects observed in this material
Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent
No full textInternational audienceGenome-wide analysis of 67 ancient Near Eastern cattle, Bos taurus, remains reveals regional variation that has since been obscured by admixture in modern populations. Comparisons of genomes of early domestic cattle to their aurochs progenitors identify diverse origins with separate introgressions of wild stock. A later region-wide Bronze Age shift indicates rapid and widespread introgression of zebu, Bos indicus, from the Indus Valley. This process was likely stimulated at the onset of the current geological age, ~4.2 thousand years ago, by a widespread multicentury drought. In contrast to genome-wide admixture, mitochondrial DNA stasis supports that this introgression was male-driven, suggesting that selection of arid-adapted zebu bulls enhanced herd survival. This human-mediated migration of zebu-derived genetics has continued through millennia, altering tropical herding on each continent.Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works
Se souvenir ensemble : la mémoire collective à travers le prisme de la psychologie sociale
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Pitfalls in systemic-risk scoring
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, we identify several shortcomings in the systemic-risk scoring methodology currently used to identify and regulate Systemically Important Financial Institutions (SIFIs). Using newly-disclosed regulatory data for 119 US and international banks, we show that the current scoring methodology severely distorts the allocation of regulatory capital among banks. We then propose and implement a methodology that corrects for these shortcomings and increases incentives for banks to reduce their risk contributions
Does technology enabled design-thinking influence digital innovation? An innovation affordance perspective
No full textInternational audienceThough prior research recognizes the vital role of the ‘innovation agents’ in effectuating digital innovation, little attention has been given to examine the role of ‘innovation affordances’. Drawing on digital innovation literature, we conceptualize the influence of both —‘innovation agent’ and ‘innovation affordance’ factors on the extent of digital innovation. We then test the theorized model via a quasi-experimental study, where the extent of digital innovation from a technology enabled design-thinking creative process is examined. Though the results from our study demonstrate the salience of both ‘innovation agent’ and ‘innovation affordance’ factors, the latter operationalized through technology enabled design-thinking process, the construct for which is developed in our study, has a stronger influence on digital innovation. Our research emphasizes the need for having a well-structured technology enabled creative process to actualize the innovation affordances. The findings have significant theoretical and practical implications
VizieR Online Data Catalog: High-precision radial velocities for HD 221416 (Huber+, 2019)
No full textStellar date: radial velocitiesWe obtained high-resolution spectra of HD 221416 using several facilities within the TESS Follow-up Observation Program (TFOP), including HIRES (Vogt et al. 1994SPIE.2198..362V) on the 10 m telescope at Keck Observatory (Maunakea, Hawai'i); the Hertzsprung SONG Telescope at Teide Observatory (Tenerife; Grundahl et al. 2017ApJ...836..142G); HARPS (Mayor et al. 2003Msngr.114...20M), FEROS (Kaufer et al. 1999Msngr..95....8K), Coralie (Queloz et al. 2001Msngr.105....1Q), and FIDEOS (Vanzi et al. 2018MNRAS.477.5041V) on the MPG/ESO 3.6 m, 2.2 m, 1.2 m, and 1 m telescopes at La Silla Observatory (Chile); Veloce (Gilbert et al. 2018SPIE10702E..0YG) on the 3.9 m Anglo-Australian Telescope at Siding Spring Observatory (Australia); TRES (Furesz 2008, PhD thesis Univ. Szeged) on the 1.5 m Tillinghast reflector at the F. L. Whipple Observatory (Mt. Hopkins, Arizona); and iSHELL (Rayner et al. 2012SPIE.8446E..2CR) on the NASA IRTF Telescope (Maunakea, Hawai'i). All spectra used in this paper were obtained between 2018 November 11 and December 30 and have a minimum spectral resolution of R~44000. (1 data file)
