Repositorio Universidad Europea del Atlántico
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The Revisions of the First Autobiography of AT Still, the Founder of Osteopathy, as a Step towards Integration in the American Healthcare System: A Comparative and Historiographic Review
No full textIntroduction: Osteopathy was originally introduced in rural America in 1874 as a comprehensive therapeutic approach aimed at promoting health. This approach was distinct and often conflicting with conventional/allopathic therapeutic methods available at that time to fight disease. We argue that, in struggling to achieve recognition within the American healthcare system and within the educational academic field that was about to be structured, the American osteopathic profession tried to protect itself from the charges of sectarism by starting to embrace principles of the biomedical paradigm. Methods: A comparative and historiographic review of the second version of the autobiography of AT Still (1908), the founder of osteopathy, against the first (1897) was chosen as an example of the adaptation of the American osteopathic profession to its evolving academic environment. Results: Although there were only a few substantial variations, we argue that they aimed to dampen the non-biological components of osteopathy, namely, its philosophical, spiritual, religious, emotional, and Native American roots, in an effort to gain respect and recognition within the emerging gold standard of the Western medical system. The shift towards a distinct, fully integrated profession within regulated Western healthcare systems was perceived by many professionals as a threat to AT Still’s original ideas, and the trend started when he was alive. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a crucial conversation regarding the future of the professional identity must take place within the osteopathic community
The mediation effect of emotion dysregulation in the relationship between stress and aggression on the road
No full textIntroduction
Aggressive behaviour on the road is still one of the most studied constructs within human factor due to its strong relationship with crash-related events.
Objective
The aim of the current research was to analyse the relationship among vital stress, emotion dysregulation, and aggressive behaviour in this specific context.
Method
A sample composed of 410 Spanish drivers (62.8% female, Mage = 36.12, SDage = 12.99) taken from the general population was tested.
Results
The results showed positive and significant bivariate correlations among almost all of the variables. The multiple mediation model showed a partial mediation effect of emotion dysregulation, with a significant effect on the whole model, and more specifically, on both the lack of control and life interference.
Conclusion
The relevance of developing clinical interventions to improve emotion regulation abilities in aggressive drivers is discussed
Exploring parenthood in first episode of psychosis: the potential role of the offspring in the outcome of women
No full textPurpose
The study aimed to explore the role of parenthood at first episode of psychosis (FEP) on recovery, with a focus on potential sex differences.
Methods
Sociodemographic, clinical, and neurocognitive information was considered on 610 FEP patients form the PAFIP cohort (Spain). Baseline and three-year follow-up comparisons were carried out. Chi-square tests and ANCOVA analysis were performed controlling for the effect of age and years of education.
Results
Men comprised 57.54% of the sample, with only 5.41% having offspring when compared to 36.29% of women. Parenthood was related to shorter duration of untreated illness (DUI) in women with children (12.08 months mothers vs. 27.61 months no mothers), showing mothers better premorbid adjustment as well. Childless men presented the worst premorbid adjustment and the highest cannabis and tobacco consumption rates. Mothers presented better global cognitive function, particularly in attention, motor dexterity and executive function at three-year follow-up.
Conclusions
Diminished parental rates among FEP men could be suggested as a consequence of a younger age of illness onset. Sex roles in caregiving may explain the potential role of parenthood on premorbid phase, with a better and heathier profile, and a more favorable long-term outcome in women. These characteristics may be relevant when adjusting treatment specific needs in men and women with and without offspring
Effects of different strength and velocity training programs on physical performance in youth futsal players
No full textFutsal is a high intensity team sport with intermittent actions of short duration, so it is necessary to include different training strategies to improve explosive actions. There is a gap in the scientific literature regarding training programs that improve the performance of young futsal players. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different strength and velocity training programs on lower body physical performance in youth futsal players. Forty-two youth futsal players were divided into control group (CG, n = 14) and a strength intervention group (SG, n = 14), which included a weekly session for 8 weeks of eccentric strength training, plyometrics and core strengthening, and a velocity intervention group (VG, n = 14), which included a weekly session during 8 weeks of training with linear speed exercises and with change of direction, accelerations with resistance bands and core strengthening. SG significantly improved horizontal jump (HJ) (p:0.02), V-CUT (p:0.91) and change of direction deficit (CODD) (p:0.01). VG showed significant improvements in HJ (p:0.01), in 25 m sprint (p:0.01), in total repeated sprint ability time (p:0.01), in V-CUT (p:0.01) and in CODD (p:0.01). SG showed significant intergroup differences (p:0.01) in COD variables with respect to CG and VG. In conclusion, SG and VG showed significant improvements in lower body performance variables in youth futsal players. In addition, the SG has substantial changes in COD compared to the other two groups, so it has a greater effect
Efficient deep learning-based approach for malaria detection using red blood cell smears
No full textMalaria is an extremely malignant disease and is caused by the bites of infected female mosquitoes. This disease is not only infectious among humans, but among animals as well. Malaria causes mild symptoms like fever, headache, sweating and vomiting, and muscle discomfort; severe symptoms include coma, seizures, and kidney failure. The timely identification of malaria parasites is a challenging and chaotic endeavor for health staff. An expert technician examines the schematic blood smears of infected red blood cells through a microscope. The conventional methods for identifying malaria are not efficient. Machine learning approaches are effective for simple classification challenges but not for complex tasks. Furthermore, machine learning involves rigorous feature engineering to train the model and detect patterns in the features. On the other hand, deep learning works well with complex tasks and automatically extracts low and high-level features from the images to detect disease. In this paper, EfficientNet, a deep learning-based approach for detecting Malaria, is proposed that uses red blood cell images. Experiments are carried out and performance comparison is made with pre-trained deep learning models. In addition, k-fold cross-validation is also used to substantiate the results of the proposed approach. Experiments show that the proposed approach is 97.57% accurate in detecting Malaria from red blood cell images and can be beneficial practically for medical healthcare staff
Enhancing Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Through the Integration of Deep Learning Models and Explainable Artificial Intelligence
No full textHumans can carry various diseases, some of which are poorly understood and lack comprehensive solutions. Such a disease can exists in human eye that can affect one or both eyes is diabetic retinopathy (DR) which can impair function, vision, and eventually result in permanent blindness. It is one of those complex complexities. Therefore, early detection of DR can significantly reduce the risk of vision impairment by appropriate treatment and necessary precautions. The primary aim of this study is to leverage cutting-edge models trained on diverse image datasets and propose a CNN model that demonstrates comparable performance. Specifically, we employ transfer learning models such as DenseNet121, Xception, Resnet50, VGG16, VGG19, and InceptionV3, and machine learning models such as SVM, and neural network models like (RNN) for binary and multi-class classification. It has been shown that the proposed approach of multi-label classification with softmax functions and categorical cross-entropy works more effectively, yielding perfect accuracy, precision, and recall values. In particular, Xception achieved an impressive 82% accuracy among all the transfer learning models, setting a new benchmark for the dataset used. However, our proposed CNN model shows superior performance, achieving an accuracy of 95.27% on this dataset, surpassing the state-of-the-art Xception model. Moreover, for single-label (binary classifications), our proposed model achieved perfect accuracy as well. Through exploration of these advances, our objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of the leading methods for the early detection of DR. The aim is to discuss the challenges associated with these methods and highlight potential enhancements. In essence, this paper provides a high-level perspective on the integration of deep learning techniques and machine learning models, coupled with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) and gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM). We prese..
A Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics of Short-, Mid-, and Long-Term Mortality in Patients Attended by the Emergency Medical Services: An Observational Study
No full textAim: The development of predictive models for patients treated by emergency medical services (EMS) is on the rise in the emergency field. However, how these models evolve over time has not been studied. The objective of the present work is to compare the characteristics of patients who present mortality in the short, medium and long term, and to derive and validate a predictive model for each mortality time. Methods: A prospective multicenter study was conducted, which included adult patients with unselected acute illness who were treated by EMS. The primary outcome was noncumulative mortality from all causes by time windows including 30-day mortality, 31- to 180-day mortality, and 181- to 365-day mortality. Prehospital predictors included demographic variables, standard vital signs, prehospital laboratory tests, and comorbidities. Results: A total of 4830 patients were enrolled. The noncumulative mortalities at 30, 180, and 365 days were 10.8%, 6.6%, and 3.5%, respectively. The best predictive value was shown for 30-day mortality (AUC = 0.930; 95% CI: 0.919–0.940), followed by 180-day (AUC = 0.852; 95% CI: 0.832–0.871) and 365-day (AUC = 0.806; 95% CI: 0.778–0.833) mortality. Discussion: Rapid characterization of patients at risk of short-, medium-, or long-term mortality could help EMS to improve the treatment of patients suffering from acute illnesses
Reporte de feedback personalizado para la segunda toma de pruebas de habilidades lingüísticas estandarizadas en las sedes del British Council de Colombia
No full textLas pruebas internacionales y, más específicamente las que atañen a la proficiencia en término de lenguas, han tomado un mayor auge en la actual República de Colombia año tras año. Miles de colombianos se ven abocados a certificarse anualmente a fin de perseguir algún sueño, de cumplir con algún tipo de requisito a nivel laboral o de visado para migrar del país, como lo evidencia la prueba internacional de inglés IELTS. Dichas pruebas carecen de reportes que retroalimenten satisfactoriamente a los evaluados, lo cual conlleva a que tengan que presentarlas dos, y hasta tres veces más, cuando los resultados obtenidos no son favorables. Prepararse para responder determinado tipo de preguntas no es equivalente a afianzar las habilidades propias de una lengua (comprensión oral y lectora y, expresión oral y escrita), que es esencialmente lo que el IELTS evalúa. Por ello, se ha detectado la necesidad de diseñar un reporte de feedback personalizado que promueva un aprendizaje significativo y generativo en personas que toman la prueba estandarizada de habilidades lingüísticas IELTS por segunda vez, en las sedes del British Council de Colombia. Con el objeto de cristalizar esto, se ha enmarcado esta propuesta desde la tipología de diseño de proyecto con un enfoque profesionalizador, en aras de retroalimentar significativamente a los evaluados en dicha prueba, y, permitirles saber tanto sus fortalezas como sus oportunidades de mejora para una segunda toma de la misma prueba. En virtud de ello, se ha dispuesto un apartado dedicado al planteamiento del problema y a todos lo concerniente al mismo. En el segundo, se aborda todo el marco referencial con el cual se ha sustentado desde la teoría todo este proyecto. El tercero muestra toda la información referente a los exámenes internacionales y a aquello que le compete más exactamente al IELTS. Esta sección contrapone la teoría descrita y la realidad analizada. El cuarto se dedica a todos los aspectos relacionados a la metodología de recolección de la información. El quinto se enfoca en presentar los resultados obtenidos a través del análisis de datos del cuestionario aplicado, y su contraste con algunos de los referentes teóricos abordados. El sexto privilegia el diseño de la propuesta, y, finalmente, se llega al último apartado donde se hallan las conclusiones. En este, se establece que se le ha dado cumplimiento a cada uno de los objetivos trazados desde un inicio (general y específicos). También se concluye que, es menester considerar los conocimientos previos que un evaluado tiene vs aquellos que integra cuando toma consciencia de los mismos como resultado de un feedback/retroalimentación oportuno y significativo. Sin duda alguna, esto resignifica el aprendizaje y lo conduce a que sea también generativo. Aquí también se muestra cómo las emociones, los agentes internos y externos son determinantes a la hora de ser evaluado, y se señala la importancia de considerar la unicidad y autenticidad de cada ser humano, incluyendo por supuesto las habilidades, oportunidades de mejora, y estilos de aprendizaje propios de cada quien
External Load Evaluation in Elite Futsal: Influence of Match Results and Game Location with IMU Technology
No full textThe purpose of this study was to assess the external load demands in futsal, considering both home and away matches and their outcomes, in order to plan microcycles throughout the season based on the external load of each match. The external load of 10 players from a First Division team in the Spanish Futsal League was recorded throughout 15 official matches in the first half of the league championship. The players’ external load was monitored using OLIVER devices. To analyse the influence of the match outcome and location on the external load, a univariate general linear model (GLM) analysis was conducted with Bonferroni post hoc. There are no differences between the variables neither comparing results nor location factors, except for accelerations of 2 to 3 m/s2 (m) per minute and the number of accelerations of 2 to 3 m/s2 per minute, reporting higher value winnings at home than away (p < 0.05). The location and results are not factors that influence on external load in futsal matches, except the number and distance performed in accelerations and distance covered at a low to medium speed. These findings are important for planning microcycles and providing the appropriate dosage to each player to achieve optimal performance in matches
Real-world data (RWD) with avelumab in patients (pts) with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (la-mUC): The AVEBLADDER study.
No full textBackground: Current standard of care for la-mUC pts who show no progression after platinum-based chemotherapy is maintenance with avelumab based on survival improvement (JAVELIN 100; Powles et al. NEJM 2020). However, the available RWD evidence on the use of avelumab in the E.U. is limited and there are concerns about the low uptake of this strategy based on figures from American series (Mamtani R et al; JAMA Netw Open 2023). We present here data on the use of avelumab in a large cohort of pts from different centres in Spain within the academic group GO NORTE. Methods: AVEBLADDER is a retrospective observational analysis in which clinical information was retrieved from pts treated across 14 centres in 13 provinces in Northern Spain. The study population included adult pts diagnosed with la/mUC (January 1, 2021-June 30, 2023) followed from date of diagnosis until death, loss to follow-up or end of study. Median overall survival (OS) was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 419 pts were included. Median age was 71 [range 42-88]; 80% were males; 81% had primary bladder tumours and 94% predominant urothelial histology. Seventy three percent of pts had visceral/bony metastases and 59% were unfit for cisplatin. Most common 1st line treatment (tx) [88%] was platinum-based chemotherapy [median number of cycles 4]. Out of 369 pts who received platinum-based chemotherapy, non-progression (CR, PR or SD) was reported in 230 pts [62%], of whom only 85 pts [37%] received maintenance avelumab. Fifty-eight pts treated with avelumab were evaluable for response: 7 (10 %) achieved a CR, 12 (14%) PR, 22 (26%) SD and 17 (20%) PD. The most common reason for non-receiving avelumab in our series was lack of access/reimbursement according to country/region policy. Overall, 168 pts [40%] started 2nd line tx and atezolizumab was the most used agent, only 41 pts [24%] received third line tx. With a median follow-up of 11 months, 194 pts [46%] are still alive and median overall survival (OS) is estimated to be 28 months (95% CI 23-not reached) with maintenance avelumab vs 11 months (95% CI 9-13) for those who did not receive this drug. Conclusions: Despite the demonstrated improvement in OS for maintenance avelumab, its uptake in our series was low with roughly 40% of the pts. New policies and better access to the drug will most likely improve these figures and hopefully also the proportion of patients who progress to receive a third line where novel therapies are currently being implemented. AVEBLADDER is a study sponsored by GO NORTE a non-for-profit GU cooperative group