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THE PREDICTIVE CONTRIBUTION OF PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS TO THE NON-USE OF HEALTH SERVICES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
No full textBackground: The avoidance of medical examinations by patients with chronic diseases during the COVID-19pandemic has been well-documented in previous research. However, a notable shortcoming in existing studies is theneglect of psychological characteristics’ influence on the postponement of medical examinations.Objective: This study aimed to address the observed decline in patient response at Clinical Hospital Center Zagrebto diagnostic and control medical examinations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research sought to examine thepredictive contribution of anxiety, depression, stress, and coping strategies to the postponement of examinations, whilecontrolling for demographic variables.Methods: Utilizing a survey design, the researchers collected data by distributing a battery of questionnaires. Asample of 190 patients with chronic diseases from the Department of internal medicine in Clinical Hospital CenterZagreb was selected through a convenient non-probability sample technique.Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant gender-based difference in postponing health examinations, with womenexhibiting a higher tendency to delay examinations compared to men. The research also indicated a notable correlationbetween the postponement of health examinations and anxiety, depression and stress. Furthermore, data revealed thatanxiety, depression, stress and coping strategies were found to contribute substantially to explaining the variance in thepostponement of health examinations, while gender emerged as the sole significant independent predictor.Conclusion: The research findings pinpoint specific groups within the population requiring special attention fromthe healthcare system during crises like pandemics. The results showed that there is a significant difference inpostponing health check-ups according to gender, whereby women are more inclined to neglect health care. Also, itwas shown that demographic characteristics, stress, anxiety, depression and coping strategies are significant predictorsof postponing medical examinations, with gender being the only significant independent predictor The discussion delvesinto the limitations and implications of these findings
PRIKAZ BOGORODICE KROZ POVIJESNA RAZDOBLJA U SLIKARSTVU
No full textU ovom se članku govori o raznolikosti u prikazu Bogorodice kroz povijesna razdoblja. Svako razdoblje donosi novi način prikaza Bogorodice, koji je rezultat više čimbenika od povijesnih, društvenih, političkih, vjerskih i umjetničkih. Analiza članka krenula je od najstarijeg prikaza u katakombama, preko Bogorodice kao ikone na prijestolju u srednjem vijeku, do diptiha koji su bili karakteristični za razdoblje renesanse, te svijetlosnih efekata u manirizmu i baroku. Posebno je naglašena važnost intimnog prikaza u XX. stoljeću. Članak završava osobnom poetikom na istoimenu temu, gdje se stvara raznolikost u prikazu u različitom vremenskom periodu.U ovom se članku govori o raznolikosti u prikazu Bogorodice kroz povijesna razdoblja. Svako razdoblje donosi novi način prikaza Bogorodice, koji je rezultat više čimbenika od povijesnih, društvenih, političkih, vjerskih i umjetničkih. Analiza članka krenula je od najstarijeg prikaza u katakombama, preko Bogorodice kao ikone na prijestolju u srednjem vijeku, do diptiha koji su bili karakteristični za razdoblje renesanse, te svijetlosnih efekata u manirizmu i baroku. Posebno je naglašena važnost intimnog prikaza u XX. stoljeću. Članak završava osobnom poetikom na istoimenu temu, gdje se stvara raznolikost u prikazu u različitom vremenskom periodu
TRANSCENDENTNO U SUVREMENOJ LIKOVNOJ UMJETNOSTI – UMJETNIK IZMEĐU RELIGIOZNE I SAKRALNE UMJETNOSTI
No full textTranscendentnost u suvremenoj umjetnosti u kontekstu religiozne i sakralne umjetnosti otvara mogućnost izražavanja emocijom, gestom, tradicionalnim i suvremenim materijalima, a sve prema neiscrpnom izvoru ideja. Umjetnik stoga u suvremenu religioznu umjetnost unosi osobni doživljaj i emociju izražavajući ju kroz bogati jezik simbola i simbolike općenito prepoznajući transcendentnog Boga kao Logos. Religiozna umjetnost umjetnikov je osobni doživljaj i razmatranje o transcendentnome dok u kontekstu sakralne umjetnosti tomu biva pridružena i otajstvenost samog liturgijskog čina i stvaranje djela u plemenitom služenju.Transcendentnost u suvremenoj umjetnosti u kontekstu religiozne i sakralne umjetnosti otvara mogućnost izražavanja emocijom, gestom, tradicionalnim i suvremenim materijalima, a sve prema neiscrpnom izvoru ideja. Umjetnik stoga u suvremenu religioznu umjetnost unosi osobni doživljaj i emociju izražavajući ju kroz bogati jezik simbola i simbolike općenito prepoznajući transcendentnog Boga kao Logos. Religiozna umjetnost umjetnikov je osobni doživljaj i razmatranje o transcendentnome dok u kontekstu sakralne umjetnosti tomu biva pridružena i otajstvenost samog liturgijskog čina i stvaranje djela u plemenitom služenju
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
No full textMotor neuron diseases (MNDs) are a group of relatively rare, progressive neurodegenerative conditions (with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/ALS being the most common) characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons leading to motor and extra motor symptoms. The etiology of MND is believed to involve complex interactions of environmental, lifestyle, and genetic factors, but so far only a few convincing risk factors have been established. Several putative risk factors associated with sporadic cases have been suggested, including repetitive blows to the head and traumatic brain injury. ALS is considered a sporadic disorder in 90% of cases. The incidence of ALS in the United States is 1.5 to 2.2 per 100.000, but varies significantly by age, sex, and race. The incidence of ALS generally increases with age and peaks during the seventh decade of life. There is not a large number of relevant studies for reliable conclusions about the connection between sports and BMN. However, there is increasing interest in the role of contact sports (eg, American football and rugby) following the diagnosis of BMN in several high-profile professional athletes. Several case-control studies have found an increased risk of MND among people who engage in strenuous physical activity, but other studies of this type did not find this risk (association) or the association was negative. Several other studies have shown an increased risk of BMN with traumatic brain injury, while others have found no association. The risk of MND varies depending on the type of sport played. For many individual sports, no increased risk of BMN was observed, including cricket, basketball, tennis, swimming, hockey, volleyball, badminton, field hockey, sailing, rowing, diving and skiing. However, several meta-analyses have shown a 1.3 to 1.7 times higher risk of MND in athletes who suffer a head injury, compared to the general population. Experience shows that exercise can be physically and psychologically important for people with ALS. Although the results so far do not provide clear conclusions regarding physical therapy or/and exrecise regimens to maintain function and quality of life in people with ALS, we can say, for sure, that moderate exercise is not harmful. Regarding the type of exercise, moderate intensity and not very high frequency (two sessions per week), combining strength and aerobic resistance, may be the best option to see improvements in ALS patients and prevent fatigue that further impairs their quality of life
METHICILLIN SENSITIVE AND RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS: FREQUENCY, OUTCOME AND COST OF TREATMENT IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
No full textBackground: Bloodstream infections (BSI) encountered in hospitals are one of the most complex infections that pose a great challenge. Methicillin-sensitive and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are common causes of severe bloodstream infections that are associated with organ failure and septic shock. Hence, better knowledge of the incidence of BSI caused by MRSA and MSSA and adequate antibiotic treatment are important to reduce length of hospital stay and improve treatment outcomes.Subjects and methods: The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of BSI with MSSA and MRSA in adult patients who were hospitalized at the same time and same departments of the University Hospital Centre Mostar in the course of six years.Results: The incidence of BSI with MSSA and MRSA was shown to be 33,21% and 17,99%, respectively. Average age of patients infected with MRSA was 61.5 years and with MSSA was 67.5 years. MSSA and MRSA BSI were more common in men with average of 69,79% and 80,77%, respectively. In both groups of patients, one third had no associated diseases. Patients that had associated chronic disease with mild or moderately severe activity limitations constructed 41,67% with MSSA and 46,15% with MRSA. Cardiovascular diseases were most common chronic disease in both groups, 33.33% for MSSA and 40.38% for MRSA. Treatment of the of subjects with MSSA BSI averaged 15 days and lasted significantly shorter when compared to MRSA BSI treatment that averaged 36 days. Patients with MRSA BSI were more treated in middle and/or high-risk departments and with inadequate antibiotic therapy. MRSA BSI patients were more often mechanically ventilated (69,23%), which contributes to a higher cost of treatment (average of 8032.5€ in total) and higher drug consumption when compared to the MSSA BSI patients. The death rate was higher in patients treated for MRSA BSI and averaged 67.31%.Conclusions: The results of this study are promising since they can be used in practice by clinicians as a guideline for choosing adequate antibiotics, and improve course of treatment, length, outcome and cost
UMJETNOST PODREĐENA LITURGIJI SAKRALNOG PROSTORA
No full textU ovome je članku metodološko-istraživačkim pristupom predstavljen jedan umjetnički i osobni doprinos istraživanju umjetnosti podređene liturgiji sakralnog prostora. Istraživački rad sveden je na tri točke i podtočke u kojima je opisana ideja uređenja interijera crkve sv. Nikole Tavelića u Sivši, te njegova realizacija (Kristov korpus u prezbiteriju, sedam vitrajnih prozora, četrnaest križnih postaja). Idejno rješenje ambona samo je predstavljeno u skici, a do njegove realizacije nije došlo. Istraživački rad kreće od povijesne i općenite osnove u sakralnoj arhitekturi i umjetnosti, te se konkretizira i usmjerava na originalni vlastiti teorijski i slikarski doprinos na zadanu temu.U ovome je članku metodološko-istraživačkim pristupom predstavljen jedan umjetnički i osobni doprinos istraživanju umjetnosti podređene liturgiji sakralnog prostora. Istraživački rad sveden je na tri točke i podtočke u kojima je opisana ideja uređenja interijera crkve sv. Nikole Tavelića u Sivši, te njegova realizacija (Kristov korpus u prezbiteriju, sedam vitrajnih prozora, četrnaest križnih postaja). Idejno rješenje ambona samo je predstavljeno u skici, a do njegove realizacije nije došlo. Istraživački rad kreće od povijesne i općenite osnove u sakralnoj arhitekturi i umjetnosti, te se konkretizira i usmjerava na originalni vlastiti teorijski i slikarski doprinos na zadanu temu
ODRAZ STVARNOSTI KROZ DEFORMACIJU FIGURE
No full textPrikaz ljudske figure u umjetnosti je tema koja se beskonačno ponavlja kroz povijest. Kroz vjekove se ljudski lik pojavljivao u umjetničkim djelima, koristio se za pripovijedanje ili istraživanje onoga što znači biti čovjek. U ovom članku analizira se deformacija figure u njemačkom ekspresionizmu s naglaskom na umjetnost grafike. Krenulo se s kratkim prikazom deformacije figure u prapovijesti i manirizmu. Nadalje se obradio ekspresionizam i ekspresionistička grafika.Prikaz ljudske figure u umjetnosti je tema koja se beskonačno ponavlja kroz povijest. Kroz vjekove se ljudski lik pojavljivao u umjetničkim djelima, koristio se za pripovijedanje ili istraživanje onoga što znači biti čovjek. U ovom članku analizira se deformacija figure u njemačkom ekspresionizmu s naglaskom na umjetnost grafike. Krenulo se s kratkim prikazom deformacije figure u prapovijesti i manirizmu. Nadalje se obradio ekspresionizam i ekspresionistička grafika
FIGURACIJA U KONTEKSTU NOVIH MATERIJALA
No full textRad je temeljen na povijesnim činjenicama, metodološki se razvijao i sužavao prema što egzaktnijoj predstavi naslovljene teme s ciljem da se primarno obrazlože i predstave osnovni pojmovi kao što su: figura, figuracija u likovnoj umjetnosti, novi materijali, kanoni proporcija u prikazivanju figure u različitim civilizacijama i epohama kroz povijest. Rad pruža uvid u kronološki prikaz načina predstavljanja figuracije od prapovijesti do moderne umjetnosti, gdje se stječe potpuni uvid o figuraciji kao neiscrpnom motivu. Na koncu, rad se usmjerio i sužavao prema završnom dijelu, predstavljanju autora koji su se bavili likovnim problemom prikaza figure u kontekstu novih materijala.Rad je temeljen na povijesnim činjenicama, metodološki se razvijao i sužavao prema što egzaktnijoj predstavi naslovljene teme s ciljem da se primarno obrazlože i predstave osnovni pojmovi kao što su: figura, figuracija u likovnoj umjetnosti, novi materijali, kanoni proporcija u prikazivanju figure u različitim civilizacijama i epohama kroz povijest. Rad pruža uvid u kronološki prikaz načina predstavljanja figuracije od prapovijesti do moderne umjetnosti, gdje se stječe potpuni uvid o figuraciji kao neiscrpnom motivu. Na koncu, rad se usmjerio i sužavao prema završnom dijelu, predstavljanju autora koji su se bavili likovnim problemom prikaza figure u kontekstu novih materijala
INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE: BETWEEN WISHFUL THINKING AND REALITY
No full textIntegrative concepts of medicine and health have manifested in various forms through the history of medicine. There have been major transformations in understanding health care and integrative medicine in the past decades. Comorbidities and multimorbidities are indifferent to professional specialties and ever growing subspecialization in medicine so integrative medicine bringing separated branches of medicine close to each other is more and more important. Integrative medicine as a conceptual scientific frame and practical approach attempts to bring coherence to theory and practice of health care. There exists a lack of consensus regarding a clear and precise definition of integrative medicine. We suggest here a holistic definition which emphasizes transdisciplinarity of the field with aims of restoring body, cognitive, affective and behavioral functions, and the most varied methods that can contribute to achieving these aims. A clear definition of integrative medicine could help to unify the field of medicine and is very important for better understanding among policy makers, funding agencies and the general public, as well as from academic and clinical disciplines. Integrative medicine is a transdisciplinary holistic approach to healthcare that combines integrated conventional Western medicine with evidence-based complementary concepts therapeutic methods to provide optimal and person-centered care. The scientific background for integrative medicine includes a research physiological, psychological, social and spiritual factors that contribute to health and disease through processes of salutogenesis and pathogenesis
COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE IN PSYCHIATRY
No full textIn recent decades, conventional medicine has begun to include natural remedies and spiritual therapy in the treatment of people with mental disorders, and in recent years, physicians and healthcare professionals more often refer to alternative and complementary methods in the treatment of mental disorders. Alternative medicine includes “other treatments” and a more suitable term would be complementary medicine which supplements the definition of conventional medicine accepted by the World Health Organization. After the rise of pharmaceutical industry in the second half of the 20th century and significant advancement in the treatment of mental disorders, comes a period of disappointment and acceptance of the fact that synthetic drugs are not omnipotent and may have serious and unpleasant side-effects. Due to this fact, there is a growing interest in the treatment of mental disorders with the use of complementary methods. It is important to note that these methods are not a substitute for standard treatment procedures and their appropriate application does not diminish the importance of classical treatment of psychiatric disorders. Numerous patients refuse classical therapy and seek the help of complementary medicine methods. It is therefore important for physicians and healthcare professionals to have knowledge of complementary medicine which is science based and advises on treatment methods provided they are scientifically justified