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INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE: COMORBIDITY AND MULTIMORBIDITY BRING SEPARATED BRANCHES OF MEDICINE CLOSER TO EACH OTHER
No full textEditorial - Medicina Academica Integrativa, Vol. 1., No. 2., 2024.
The simultaneous presence of multiple diseases and illnesses in the form of multi-comorbidity and comorbidity is more a rule than an exception, particularly in the elderly (see Jakovljevic & Ostojic 2012). According to some authors 60-80% of adults over 65 years suffer from two or more diseases. Comorbidity, multi-morbidity and multisystem diseases represent huge problems and challenges to contemporary medicine in theory and practice. Medical specialization and specialist fragmentation, disease-centered approach, clinical guidelines developed for single diseases and fragmentary approach reducing complex disease problems to their biological aspects demand holistic approaches thatoffer a promising framework for increasing effectiveness and efficiency in contemporary medicine. Trans-disciplinary integrative medicine addresses the challenges, problems and complications posed by multi-morbidity and comorbidity in a new way. It also offers all health scientists and practitioners a common language that may bridge epistemic gaps and facilitates the exchange of insights and paradigms across academic borders
SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION IN BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTH: UNIVERSITY TEXTBOOK REVIEW
No full textThe University of Mostar recently published the university textbook "Znanstvena komunikacija u biomedicini i zdravstvu" ("Scientific Communication in Biomedicine and Health") by Professor Josip Šimić and Professor Branko Krišto.The authors have been noted for many years as excellent and renowned experts in the scientific and professional fields they deal with, and this textbook is the result of the need to professionally and scientifically process and present all the most important concepts of scientific communication with a focus on the field of biomedicine and health in one place and at the University of Mostar.The reviewers of the textbook were: Professor Miro Leventić from the University of Mostar, Professor Sonja Špiranec and Professor Slobodan Mihaljević from the University of Zagreb.In the author\u27s preface and introductory part, the authors discuss science and bring into context the entire system of scientific information whose development cannot be separated from the development of scientific activity and modern science in the field of biomedicine and health. The textbook consists of a total of nine chapters – “Science”, “Scientific Communication”, “ScientificCommunication Systems”, “Scientific Productivity”, “Information Literacy as a Basis for the Implementation of Scientific Communication”, “Characteristics of Scientific Information in Biomedicine and Healthcare”, “Artificial Intelligence and Scientific Publishing in Medicine”, “The Role of Libraries in Strengthening Scientific Research Infrastructure"
BREAST RADIOLOGICAL TREATMENT IN THE SCREENING PROGRAM
No full textIntroduction: The breast is a symmetrical, paired organ located in the chest. Complete development of the breast occurs during pregnancy. There are many different pathological processes that occur in the breast including malignancy. The Cantonal Breast Cancer Early Detection Program is the first such program implemented in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Objective: The main objective of this paper is to define and explain radiological diagnostic procedures used in the detection of various diseases and changes in the breast. To prove that mammography remains the gold standard in the early detection of breast cancer, despite newer methods and imaging techniques. The paper will also present the results and advantages of the "Breast Cancer Early Detection Program".Materials and methods: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study. Data were collected retrospectively from official data sources provided by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Social Welfare through the Radiological Information System for the University Clinical Hospital in Mostar for our county.Results: In the first and second phases from 2019 to 2022, mammography was performed on 933 patients at the University Clinical Hospital Mostar, of whom 9 had a positive result. In the third phase of the program (2022-2024), mammography was performed on 2,499 patients. Of these, 18 had positive results.Conclusions: Despite technological advances, mammography remains the gold standard in early detection of breast cancer. Similar breast cancer screening programs are being implemented in a few countries, including Turkey, Morocco, India, and Saudi Arabia. The results of these programs, as well as the challenges they face, further emphasize the importance and relevance of our county-level program implemented in HNZ/K County
HOW WELL DO WE SLEEP? – REVIEW OF SLEEP QUALITY AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS
No full textIntroduction: Sleep quality as a basic physiological need can be challenged in patients diagnosed with serious mental health disorders. Sleep disorders such as nightmares and insomnia can affect individuals greatly and in various ways, in some cases resulting in exacerbation of their primary mental health disorder. We took a closer look into the treatment of sleep disorders, focusing mainly on pharmacological treatment.Methods: This review included three international databases were searched, with appropriate key words (sleep quality, sleep disorder, mental health disorder, pharmacological treatment, medicine). Literature no older than 10 years was consulted, limited to English language.Results: Seven articles matched our search, where we got a closer look into pharmacological approaches in the treatment of sleep disorders. Results show the effects of variety of medicaments. In the treatment of insomnia olanzapine, quetiapine, zolpidem, trazodone and dimdazenil showed to be effective. Gabapentin has shown to be as effective as clonazepam in the treatment of sleep disturbances in depression. For the treatment of nightmares, prazosine and hydroxyzine showed effect in certain trials. However, this type of treatment combined with other, non-pharmacological approaches, such as cognitive behavioral therapy shows to be much more effective.Conclusion: Effective treatment often combines pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, with a wide range of medications, including antipsychotics, antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and non-psychopharmacologic drugs, tailored to the specific disorder and sleep issue
THE ARGUMENT FOR ESTABLISHING A NEW JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA AND INTENSIVE CARE
No full textThe field of anesthesia and intensive care is an essential component of modern healthcare. It significantly impacts patient outcomes in elective and emergency medical settings. Integrating anesthesia and intensive care practices is crucial for patient survival, recovery, and overall healthcare efficiency.Despite their importance in clinical settings, there is a lack of scientific and published work in this field of expertise, particularly in smaller countries. This significant gap requires establishing a new national and regional journal focused on anesthesia and intensive care medicine. Such a journal should address specific national and regional issues, encourage and promote research, and facilitate collaboration within the community.This article makes a compelling case for establishing a New Journal of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (NJAIC), the Academic Alliance for Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine. It outlines its benefits for practitioners, researchers, and healthcare institutions
PHENOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF ALLERGIC PLANTS AND IMPACT ON HEALTH
No full textBackground: For the last 40 years, allergies have been presented as diseases of modern lifestyle, which affect more and more people. Furthermore, they are becoming an increasing social problem, burdening society economically, through absence from work, school, daily activities, but also through treatment costs. Allergies are becoming a reason for difficult social contact for an increasing number of people.Subjects and methods: The materials used are the results of laboratory research and data collected during 2021, 2022 and 2023 from patients allergic to pollen at the Mostar Health Center. The Microsoft Excel 2013 software system was used to process the results.Results: The most common disease during 2021, 2022 and 2023 in the city of Mostar was vasomotor and allergic rhinitis, followed by rhinitis, nasopharyngitis and pharyngitis. The age group from 19 to 64 years was most susceptible to these diseases, and the age group from 7 to 14 years had a high percentage of these diseases. The other age groups studied did not stand out in terms of the frequency of the disease in any of the diseases.Conclusion: The research found that the most common disease during 2021, 2022 and 2023 was vasomotor and allergic rhinitis. The use of the globe protocol can help people suffering from pollen allergies. When monitoring phenological changes, no major deviations in the occurrence of leafing and flowering were found, except for the church grass, which is high in June. All other grasses had moderate concentrations during 2021, 2022 and 2023. There is a connection between the time of appearance of allergens in the air (spring) and the appearance of allergy symptoms
EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY AND YOGA IN MANAGING ANXIETY AND STRESS IN SCHOOL GOING CHILD WITH PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA
No full textDear Editor, We would like to share our experience with the Medicina Academica Integrativa audience regarding the common symptoms of anxiety and stress experienced by adolescent girls during menstruation due to dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is categorized into primary and secondary types. Primary dysmenorrhea involves severe cramping in the lower abdomen before or during menstruation, lasting 8-72 hours and peaking on the first or second day. Additionally, the pain is often accompanied by systemic symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fatigue, and insomnia. In contrast, a number of distinct pathological conditions, such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, fibroids (myomas), and pelvic inflammatory disease, can cause secondary dysmenorrhea pain. (Iacovides, Avidon & Baker 2015
ROLE OF PSYCHEDELIC DRUGS IN MENTAL HEALTH CARE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
No full textGood mental health is foundational for individual and societal well-being, enabling resilience, personal growth, and active community engagement. Despite the availability of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, many individuals experience partial or non-response, delayed therapeutic effects, and adverse side effects. Increasingly, individuals are exploring the use of psychedelics for self-guided psychotherapy beyond clinical settings, highlighting their potential for transformative mental health benefits. However, the definition and application of psychedelics vary across contexts, underscoring the need for nuanced understanding and cautious use. While earlier prohibition was driven by exaggerated perceptions of harm, modern evidence recognizes psychedelics as powerful substances capable of eliciting profound positive and negative outcomes. Safety remains a paramount concern, and current research is constrained by methodological limitations.
Addressing these gaps is essential to advancing the therapeutic potential of psychedelics, ensuring their responsible integration into mental health care while mitigating risks
HERBAL THERAPIES IN THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES: A HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY REVIEW
No full textInflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis and Crohn\u27s disease) are chronic, relapsing disorders of the digestive tract, the etiology of which is complex and includes genetic, immunological, microbiological and environmental factors. Standard therapeutic options often have limited efficacy and significant side effects, which is why interest in complementary and alternative approaches, especially phytotherapy, is growing. Historically, medicinal plants have played a key role in the medical traditions of many civilizations, and modern research confirms the effectiveness of some herbal preparations in modulating the immune response, anti-inflammatory effects and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. This paper presents a historical overview of the use of plants in traditional medicine and modern knowledge about their role in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Special emphasis is placed on plants such as marshmallow, plantain, flax, licorice, sage, mint, cannabis and turmeric. Although the results of numerous studies confirm their potential in symptomatic relief and reducing inflammatory markers, additional randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm their safety and efficacy. The integration of phytotherapy into standard therapeutic protocols could represent a significant step forward in the holistic approach to patients with IBD
SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA-INDUCED CARDIOGENIC SHOCK IN A NEONATE: A CASE REPORT
No full textShock is defined as the failure to deliver adequate oxygenated blood to tissues, resulting in a mismatch between oxygen supply and demand. Oxygen delivery is primarily determined by arterial oxygen content (dependent on hemoglobin con-centration and oxygensaturation) and cardiac output, which is the product of stroke volume and heart rate (Marcdante et Kliegman, 2019). Shock can be broadly classified into three progressive phases: compensated, uncompensated, and irreversible. In the compensated phase, cardiac output is maintained via sympathetic activation, increasing heart rate and systemic vascular resistance (Mardešić et al., 2016). Based on the underlying pathogenesis, shock can be classified: hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive (septic) and obstructive shock. Cardiogenic shock is pathophysiologically characterized by impaired systolic function and reduced cardiac output, typically resultingfrom congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathies, or arrhythmias (Brissaud et al., 2016).We report the case of a neonate admitted to our clinic in a state of cardiogenic shock caused by supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). On admission, the infant presented in sinus rhythm, which initially masked the underlying arrhythmia and complicated the diagnostic process. The diagnosis of SVT was confirmed only after haemodynamic stabilization, emphasizing the diagnostic challenges associated with undifferentiated shock in neonates