HNUE Journal of Science Hanoi National University of Education
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THE SOLUTION TO THE PROJECT SCHEDULING PROBLEM BY USING AN IMPROVED GENETIC ALGORITHM
Get PDFNowadays, managing and allocating resources for projects has become increasingly essential for managers. A critical factor affecting the success of a project is the work assignment plan for workers to optimize the completion time. Current solutions to project scheduling problems have not been thoroughly addressed; thus, in this study, we model the labor assignment process in project production as a scheduling problem. To solve this problem, we use an improved genetic algorithm named GA-RT (Genetic Algorithm with Random Crossover and Negative Tournament Selection) and conduct experiments on the iMOPSE standard dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed GA-RT algorithm can effectively solve the project scheduling problem, achieving better performance compared to existing algorithms.Nowadays, managing and allocating resources for projects has become increasingly essential for managers. A critical factor affecting the success of a project is the work assignment plan for workers to optimize the completion time. Current solutions to project scheduling problems have not been thoroughly addressed; thus, in this study, we model the labor assignment process in project production as a scheduling problem. To solve this problem, we use an improved genetic algorithm named GA-RT (Genetic Algorithm with Random Crossover and Negative Tournament Selection) and conduct experiments on the iMOPSE standard dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed GA-RT algorithm can effectively solve the project scheduling problem, achieving better performance compared to existing algorithms
SOLUTIONS FOR RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT TOWARD USTAINABILITY IN HANOI CITY
Get PDFDu lịch nông thôn là động lực quan trọng cho sự phát triển các đô thị và vùng nông thôn thường phải đối mặt với nhiều thách thức về kinh tế, xã hội và môi trường. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là đề xuất các giải pháp phát triển du lịch nông thôn theo hướng bền vững trên cơ sở phân tích lợi thế và thực trạng trong phát triển du lịch nông thôn trên địa bàn thành phố Hà Nội. Kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng Hà Nội là địa phương có nhiều tiềm năng cho phát triển du lịch nông thôn và bước đầu loại hình này có sự phát triển khá khả quan. Tuy nhiên, việc phát triển hoạt động này cũng còn gặp nhiều hạn chế bộc lộ tính thiếu bền vững về sản phẩm du lịch, nguồn nhân lực, liên kết phát triển, hoạt động xúc tiến, quảng bá cũng như cơ chế chính sách hỗ trợ,… cần phải có các biện pháp phát triển hữu hiệu trong tương lai. Kết quả nghiên cứu được xem là một tài liệu tham khảo hữu ích cho các cơ quan quản lí du lịch trong việc tìm kiếm các giải pháp mới để tăng cường phát triển du lịch nông thôn theo hướng bền vững ở Hà Nội trong tương lai.Rural tourism is a significant driver for the development of both urban and rural areas, often facing numerous challenges related to economics, society, and the environment. The purpose of this study is to propose sustainable rural tourism development solutions based on the analysis of advantages and current situations in rural tourism development in Hanoi. The research findings indicate that Hanoi has considerable potential for rural tourism development, and this sector has shown promising growth. However, rural tourism development still encounters various constraints, revealing unsustainable aspects regarding tourism products, human resources, development linkages, promotional activities, and support policy mechanisms so effective development measures are necessary for the future. The research results serve as a valuable reference for tourism management authorities seeking new solutions to enhance sustainable rural tourism development in Hanoi
REFERENCE OF PRAGMATICS IN THE CHARACTERS IN THE SHORT STORY A DROPS OF BLOOD BY NGUYEN HUY THIEP
Get PDFBài viết sử dụng lí thuyết quy chiếu của ngữ dụng học để hướng tới việc làm rõ cách thức ngôn ngữ quy chiếu vào nhân vật trong một tác phẩm văn chương cụ thể. Đây là một hướng đi mới trên nền tảng những thành tựu đã có trước đó trong nghiên cứu đặc điểm và chức năng của ngôn ngữ truyện. Sử dụng nguyên lí trên để nghiên cứu cách thức định lượng hóa các thuộc tính trong xây dựng nhân vật của truyện ngắn Giọt máu có thể giúp người thưởng thức và nghiên cứu nhận ra những vẻ đẹp của ngôn từ và sức sáng tạo của nhà văn. Bên cạnh đó, hướng đi này cũng giúp cho người viết hoàn thiện thêm bộ công cụ lí thuyết để tiếp tục đóng góp nhiều hơn nữa cho quá trình nghiên cứu truyện từ phương diện ngôn ngữ.The article uses the Reference Theory of Pragmatics to clarify how language refers to characters in a specific literary work. This is a new direction based on previous achievements in researching the characteristics and functions of story language. Using the above principle to study the quantification of the attributes in character building of the short story Drops of Blood can help readers and researchers recognize the beauty of the words and the writer\u27s creativity. Besides, this direction also helps the writer improve the theoretical toolkit to continue to contribute more to the story research process from the linguistic perspective
OBSTACLES TOWARD SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN SA PA TOWN OF LAO CAI PROVINCE
Get PDFSa Pa là một khu du lịch nổi tiếng tại Việt Nam nhưng sự phát triển nhanh chóng của ngành du lịch đã và đang mang lại cho Sa Pa cả những tác động tích cực và tiêu cực. Nghiên cứu này sử dụng phương pháp phỏng vấn và thảo luận nhóm tập trung với các đối tác địa phương nhằm đánh giá thực trạng phát triển du lịch bền vững của Sa Pa một cách toàn diện dựa trên các tiêu chí của Tổ chức Du lịch thế giới (UNWTO). Nghiên cứu chỉ ra các thách thức đa chiều đối với phát triển du lịch bền vững ở thị trấn Sa Pa trong đó có một số vấn đề nổi cộm như khả năng tiếp cận chính sách, thiếu hụt các sản phẩm du lịch chất lượng, chất lượng nguồn nhân lực, sự phân chia không đồng đều các nguồn lợi từ du lịch giữa các doanh nghiệp và người dân địa phương, hay các tác động tiêu cực đến tài nguyên thiên nhiên và văn hóa địa phương. Trên cơ sở đó, tác giả đã đưa ra các giải pháp nhằm giải quyết một cách toàn diện các vấn đề phát triển bền vững của Sa Pa như: củng cố mô hình tổ chức quản lí điểm đến, xây dựng bộ quy tắc ứng xử ngành du lịch Sa Pa, thiết lập kênh giao tiếp trực tuyến giữa cơ quan quản lí du lịch địa phương với người dân cũng như du khách. Cuối cùng, để ngành du lịch Sa Pa phát triển bền vững trong dài hạn, cần chú trọng nâng cao năng lực cho người dân tộc thiểu số địa phương và tăng cường tiếng nói của cộng đồng bản địa trong chính sách.Sa Pa is a famous tourist area in Vietnam but the rapid development of the tourism industry has been bringing both positive and negative impacts to Sa Pa. This study uses in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with key stakeholders of local tourism sector to comprehensively assess the current state of sustainable tourism development in Sa Pa based on the criteria of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). The study points out multidimensional challenges for sustainable tourism development in Sa Pa town, including some critical issues such as policy accessibility, lack of adequate tourism products, incompetence human resources, uneven distribution of tourism resources between businesses and local people, or negative impacts on natural resources and local culture. On that basis, the author has proposed solutions to Sa Pa\u27s sustainable development issues such as strengthening the destination management organization model, building a code of conduct for Sa Pa tourism, and establishing an online communication channel between local tourism management agencies and residents and tourists. Finally, for Sa Pa tourism to develop sustainably in the long term, it is necessary to focus on building the capacity of local ethnic minorities and strengthening the voice of indigenous communities in local policy
AN EXPLORATION OF SPEAKING ANXIETY OF ENGLISH MAJOR FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS AT A PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN HANOI
Get PDFThe study investigates the speaking anxiety experienced by first-year English majors. 152 first-year English majors at a public university in Hanoi participated in the questionnaire. The results show that participants had a medium level of English-speaking anxiety. Factors contributing to this anxiety include students’ negative self-assessment of ability, self-comparison to others, fear of negative evaluation, fear of being in public, and shyness. Additionally, the nature of teachers\u27 questions, lack of preparedness, and beliefs about native speakers or instructors also contribute to speaking anxiety. The study highlights that students experienced higher anxiety during presentations compared to group discussions or paired interviews. Besides, the majority of first-year students believed that instructors’ behavior and characteristics would play a significant role in reducing their speaking anxiety in class. The study offers valuable insights into students’ speaking anxiety for English lecturers to support students in managing speaking anxiety effectively.The study investigates the speaking anxiety experienced by first-year English majors. 152 first-year English majors at a public university in Hanoi participated in the questionnaire. The results show that participants had a medium level of English-speaking anxiety. Factors contributing to this anxiety include students’ negative self-assessment of ability, self-comparison to others, fear of negative evaluation, fear of being in public, and shyness. Additionally, the nature of teachers\u27 questions, lack of preparedness, and beliefs about native speakers or instructors also contribute to speaking anxiety. The study highlights that students experienced higher anxiety during presentations compared to group discussions or paired interviews. Besides, the majority of first-year students believed that instructors’ behavior and characteristics would play a significant role in reducing their speaking anxiety in class. The study offers valuable insights into students’ speaking anxiety for English lecturers to support students in managing speaking anxiety effectively
STRATEGIES FOR ORGANIZING PRACTICAL LESSONS IN TEACHING GRADE 11 VIETNAMESE HISTORY AT VINSCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL, HANOI
Get PDFThis article proposes several measures to organize practical lessons, a new type of lesson introduced in the 2022 History General Education Program. The study is based on feedback from 28 teachers and observations of 240 grade 11 students at Vinschool High School, Hanoi, who participated in these practical history lessons. The results indicate that effective organization of practical lessons requires an emphasis on group discussions, role-playing, and field trips, enabling students to gain a deeper understanding of historical events, while fostering critical thinking and teamwork skills. Additionally, special attention should be paid to lesson planning, integrating information technology, and creating a positive learning environment. The proposed measures for organizing practical lessons at Vinschool Hanoi High School not only enhance the quality of history teaching but also contribute to the comprehensive development of student\u27s abilities.This article proposes several measures to organize practical lessons, a new type of lesson introduced in the 2022 History General Education Program. The study is based on feedback from 28 teachers and observations of 240 grade 11 students at Vinschool High School, Hanoi, who participated in these practical history lessons. The results indicate that effective organization of practical lessons requires an emphasis on group discussions, role-playing, and field trips, enabling students to gain a deeper understanding of historical events, while fostering critical thinking and teamwork skills. Additionally, special attention should be paid to lesson planning, integrating information technology, and creating a positive learning environment. The proposed measures for organizing practical lessons at Vinschool Hanoi High School not only enhance the quality of history teaching but also contribute to the comprehensive development of student\u27s abilities
IMPROVING THE EXAM PROCESS AND DEVELOPING AN AUTOMATIC SCORING SYSTEM FOR BASIC OFFICE INFORMATICS
Get PDFBài báo này trình bày một số cải tiến nhằm chuẩn hóa việc ra đề thi, đáp án và số hóa toàn bộ các tài liệu này. Nhóm tác giả đã nghiên cứu và phát triển thành công một hệ thống chấm thi tự động dành cho môn Tin học Đại cương. Hệ thống chấm thi tự động sẽ tự động trích chọn các tiêu chí cần đánh giá trên bài thi của sinh viên; so khớp với các tiêu chí được số hóa trong đáp án và sẽ chấm điểm theo tỉ lệ tương ứng. Giải pháp này không chỉ nâng cao hiệu quả và sự nhất quán mà còn đảm bảo tính đúng đắn, khách quan trong việc đánh giá sinh viên. Các kết quả thực nghiệm cho thấy phương pháp đề xuất hoàn toàn có thể thay thế hiệu quả phương pháp chấm thủ công truyền thống, góp phần nâng cao chất lượng giảng dạy và học tập cho môn Tin học Đại cương.This paper presents several improvements to standardize the creation of test questions and answers and digitize all of these documents. The authors successfully researched and developed an automatic grading system for the subject of General Computer Science. The automatic grading system will select the criteria that must be assessed on the student\u27s test, match them with the digitized criteria in the answers, and grade them according to the corresponding ratio. This solution improves efficiency and consistency and ensures accuracy and objectivity in student assessment. Experimental results show that the proposed method can entirely and effectively replace the traditional manual grading method, improving the quality of teaching and learning for General Informatics
CURRENT STATE OF CAREER GUIDANCE FOR ADOLESCENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
Get PDFNghiên cứu tiến hành phân tích một số điểm mạnh, điểm hạn chế của thanh thiếu niên rối loạn phổ tự kỉ (RLPTK) khi tham gia hoạt động hướng nghiệp (HN). Đồng thời khảo sát, đánh giá, và bàn luận về bốn nội dung chính liên quan đến thực trạng HN, bao gồm: (1) tầm quan trọng của việc tổ chức hoạt động HN; (2) Các ngành nghề phù hợp để HN; (3) Các ngành nghề hiện nay đang HN; (4) Phương pháp hướng nghiệp được sử dụng. Kết quả cho thấy, ba ngành nghề hiện nay được nhiều cơ sở lựa chọn để hướng nghiệp cho thanh thiếu niên RLPTK bao gồm: nhân viên bao bì, đóng gói hàng hóa, làm bánh kẹo; phương pháp có hiệu quả nhất để hướng nghiệp cho thanh thiếu niên RLPTK là làm mẫu hành động, thao tác. Bên cạnh đó, nghiên cứu còn khảo sát, đánh giá về nội dung, phương pháp HN trên hai trường hợp thanh thiếu niên RLPTK mức độ 1, mức độ 2 theo phân loại của DSM-5.The study analyzed some strengths and weaknesses of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) when participating in career guidance (CG) activities. At the same time, it surveyed, evaluated, and discussed four main contents related to the current state of CG, including (1) the importance of organizing CG activities; (2) Suitable occupations for CG; (3) Current occupations that are providing CG; (4) CG methods are used. The results show that many establishments currently choose three occupations for CG for adolescents with ASD including packaging staff, packaging goods, and confectionery making; The most effective method to provide CG to adolescents with ASD is modeling actions and operations. In addition, the study also surveyed and evaluated the content and methods of CG on two cases of adolescents with ASD level 1 and level 2 according to the classification of DSM-5
PLANTS IN THE ASTERACEAE FAMILY CONTAINING ESSENTIAL OILS AT MUONG LA NATURE RESERVE, SON LA PROVINCE
Get PDFThis study aimed to evaluate the compositional diversity of essential oil-producing species within the Asteraceae family at Muong La Nature Reserve, Son La province. A comprehensive identification revealed a total of 56 species distributed across 39 genera. In addition to the value for essential oils, species of the Asteraceae family also demonstrate multiple application aspects, including medicinal (Th) with 54 species; and food (Tp) with 19 species. Additionally, 7 species as ornamental plants (Ca) while others are used for ornamental, and enological purposes. Fifteen Asteraceae species have a use value (UV) index ≥ 0.80, and 1 species (accounting for 1.72%) is identified as potentially threatened, listed in the Red Data Book of Vietnam 2007. Life forms of Asteraceae species studied are constructed as follows: the Spectrum of Biology (SB) = 50.00 % Ph + 21.43 % Th +16.07% Hm + 12.50% Ch. In the study area, the Asteraceae family is categorized into 6 main geographical factors: tropical Asia accounts (accounting for 78.57% of the total number), followed by Crop factor with 5 species (accounting for 8,93% of the total number) and Northern temperate elements with 3 species (accounting for 5.36%); Paleo-tropical with 2 species (accounting for 3.57%); The lowest factors include; Tropical Asia-Australia-America and sub-endemic with the same 1 specie (accounting for 1.79%).This study aimed to evaluate the compositional diversity of essential oil-producing species within the Asteraceae family at Muong La Nature Reserve, Son La province. A comprehensive identification revealed a total of 56 species distributed across 39 genera. In addition to the value for essential oils, species of the Asteraceae family also demonstrate multiple application aspects, including medicinal (Th) with 54 species; and food (Tp) with 19 species. Additionally, 7 species as ornamental plants (Ca) while others are used for ornamental, and enological purposes. Fifteen Asteraceae species have a use value (UV) index ≥ 0.80, and 1 species (accounting for 1.72%) is identified as potentially threatened, listed in the Red Data Book of Vietnam 2007. Life forms of Asteraceae species studied are constructed as follows: the Spectrum of Biology (SB) = 50.00 % Ph + 21.43 % Th +16.07% Hm + 12.50% Ch. In the study area, the Asteraceae family is categorized into 6 main geographical factors: tropical Asia accounts (accounting for 78.57% of the total number), followed by Crop factor with 5 species (accounting for 8,93% of the total number) and Northern temperate elements with 3 species (accounting for 5.36%); Paleo-tropical with 2 species (accounting for 3.57%); The lowest factors include; Tropical Asia-Australia-America and sub-endemic with the same 1 specie (accounting for 1.79%)
INVESTIGATION OF THE EVOLUTION OF SABATH GENE FAMILY IN CASSAVA (Manihot esculenta) REVEALS ITS POTENTIAL ROLE IN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFSABATH is one class of enzyme belonging to the class of methyltransferase, playing a crucial role in plant defense and stress response mechanisms. Despite its importance, no systematic analysis of the expansion of the SABATH gene family in cassava (Manihot esculenta) has been reported up to date. In this study, we investigated the SABATH gene family in cassava, revealing their random distribution across 18 chromosomes, with variable numbers of gene copies per chromosome. According to gene duplication analysis, five duplication events were identified, primarily segmental duplications, indicating their evolutionary significance. The Ka/Ks ratio analysis indicated that most duplicated genes are under negative selection, preserving their functions, while one pair showed signs of positive selection, suggesting adaptive benefits. Gene structure analysis showed diverse exon counts, primarily three or four. Expression profiling across 11 cassava tissues demonstrated tissue-specific expression patterns, with some genes highly or exclusively expressed in specific tissues such as root apical meristems, embryogenic calli, and fibrous roots, implying distinct functional roles in cassava growth and development. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the evolution and functional diversity of the SABATH gene family in cassava and identifies candidate genes for further functional characterization.SABATH is one class of enzyme belonging to the class of methyltransferase, playing a crucial role in plant defense and stress response mechanisms. Despite its importance, no systematic analysis of the expansion of the SABATH gene family in cassava (Manihot esculenta) has been reported up to date. In this study, we investigated the SABATH gene family in cassava, revealing their random distribution across 18 chromosomes, with variable numbers of gene copies per chromosome. According to gene duplication analysis, five duplication events were identified, primarily segmental duplications, indicating their evolutionary significance. The Ka/Ks ratio analysis indicated that most duplicated genes are under negative selection, preserving their functions, while one pair showed signs of positive selection, suggesting adaptive benefits. Gene structure analysis showed diverse exon counts, primarily three or four. Expression profiling across 11 cassava tissues demonstrated tissue-specific expression patterns, with some genes highly or exclusively expressed in specific tissues such as root apical meristems, embryogenic calli, and fibrous roots, implying distinct functional roles in cassava growth and development. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the evolution and functional diversity of the SABATH gene family in cassava and identifies candidate genes for further functional characterization