World Journal of Experimental Biosciences
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Detection and sequencing of blaVEB-1 gene in clinical isolates of Proteus mirabilis Isolates from Baghdad City`s hospitals
Get PDFIn Present study, 25 clinical isolates of Proteus spp. of clinical samples, urine, wounds and burns collected from different hospitals in Baghdad city, all isolates were identified as Proteus mirabilis using different bacteriological media, biochemical assays and Vitek-2 system. It was found that 15 (60%) isolates were identifying as P. mirabilis. The susceptibility of P. mirabilis isolates to cefotaxime was 66.6 %, while to ceftazidime was 20%. Extended spectrum β-lactamses producing Proteus was 30.7 %. DNA of 5 isolates of P. mirabilis was extracted and detection for blaVEB-1 gene by using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results showed that the presence of this gene in all tested isolates, as an important indicator for increasing risk of extended spectrum beta lacatmases resistant P. mirabilis isolates against antimicrobial agents due to its spread recently in Middle and Far East of Asia. Sequencing of DNA nucleotides was carried out with automated sequencer (Macrogen/ Korea) and confirmed that 3 isolates of P. mirabilis have blaVEB-1 gene, while one isolate has blaVEB-3 gene.
 
Effects of Aqueous and Methanolic Extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Leave on the Blood Cells of Mice In vivo
Get PDFPresent study focused on in vivo effect of aqueous and methanolic leave extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plant on different blood cells count of mice that was carried out by using 40 mg / kg of plant extracts orally. Effects of plant extracts were examined after 3 and 7 days of feeding orally. The results showed significant increases (P≤ 0.05) for all parameters (cell types) that were included in current study, total white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocytes, eosinophils, red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets. However, there is no significant difference in Hb values as compared with control.
 
Production, Optimization and Application of Bioemulsifier Extracted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Get PDFPseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from soil and tested for bioemulsifier production when growing in mineral salt broth medium (production medium) that containing sunflower oil as carbon source. Several nutritional factors, environmental conditions, carbon, nitrogen sources, temperature, incubation period and pH were tested to evaluate the most favorable conditions for bioemulsifier production. The activity of bioemulsifier produced from P. aeruginosa as antibacterial substance was examined against many pathogenic bacteria. Maximum production of bioemulsifier was (100%) observed when P. aeruginosa grown in mineral salt broth medium with seasam oil and NH4Cl as carbon and nitrogen sources, incubated at 30 ºC for 3 days, pH 9. Bioemulsifier extracted from P. aeruginosa showed antibacterial activity by reducing growth of several pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli.
 
Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Superphosphate Fertilizer on Medical Compounds and Growth Characters of Fenugreek Plant (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) Local Variaty
Get PDFThe study was carried out using pots (capacity, 4kg soil/pot) in the glasshouse and different concentrations of gibberellic acid (0, 25, 50 and 100) ppm and different levels of superphosphate (0.25, 0.50 and 100) gm/kg:soil/Pot, these equal to (83.33, 166.66 and 333.32) kg/hectar. In some medical compound which effect on Diabetes like coumrin, trigonellin and fenugreeken and some growth characters of fenugreek plant (local variety) like absolute growth rate, biomass duration, protein percentage, chlorophyll percentage and protein percentage in seeds were used. This factorial experiment (4× 3) was conducted by using complete randomizing design (C.R.D) with three replications, means were compared using the least significant difference at 0.05 probability level. The results could be summarized that the treatments by gebberllic acid (GA3) alone showed significant increase in absolute growth, biomass, chlorophyll content, protein percentage and medical compounds. While treatments with superphosphate fertilizer alone showed significant increase only in protein percentage and medical compounds. The interaction between GA3 and phosphate fertilizer showed the best results in all growth characters for all plants in this experiment, especially the treatment with 50 ppm of GA3 with 0.50 gm/pot and 1.0 gm/pot of superphosphate fertilizer gave the highest values of studied compared with control treatment.
 
Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized in Green and Black Tea
Get PDFIn this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been successfully synthesized using green and black tea in a facile and inexpensive environmentally friendly process. The green and black tea extracts were verified to contain phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols and steroids. These phytochemicals in green and black tea served as reducing agent and as stabilizing and capping agents for the microwave-assisted synthesis of AgNPs from AgNO3. The formation of the AgNPs were established by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (411 and 420 nm) and the physical was established with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which indicated that the nanoparticles were spherical in shape with diameter between 30 nm and 50 nm. Different AgNPs concentrations of 680, 340, 170, 85 and 42.4 μg/disc were tested. AgNPs inhibited growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of AgNPs (with and without infusion of tea) by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl )-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction assay MTT (μM ) that was required for 50% inhibition after 72 h was found at 400 to 454 μg /mL. AgNPs did not show any cytotoxicity against chicken embryo fibroblast cells. Tea extracts produced AgNPs showed promise as a nontoxic alternative for biological applications.
 
Effect of human blood groups on Leishmania dnovani growth in vitro
Get PDFVisceral leishmaniasis (VL), a disease caused by Leishmania donovani, is still a health problem and a common parasitic infection. Several questions related to this disease have been raised that have still no answer in spite of new scientific developments in recent years. This study was performed to investigate the effect of human blood group types (O-, A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+ and AB-) on L. donovani growth rate in vietro. The growth rate of L. donovani was increased during fourth days in media supplemented with all types of blood groups. In fifth day, growth rate of L. donovani was significantly decreased in media supplemented with the blood group type (O-, A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+ and AB-) compare with L. donovani growth rate in media supplemented with blood group type (O+). The lowest growth rate of L. donovani was seen in media supplemented with the blood group type (AB+). Taking together, there is an association between L. donovani growth rate in vitro and the supplemented human blood group. These results indicate that it is possible to culture Leishmania parasite in axenic culture supplemented with human blood, especially the blood type O +.
 
Transformation and over expression of chromosomal bile salt hydrolase gene A (bshA) that transfer from transformer Escherichia coli to Enterococcus faecalis
Get PDFThe clone Escherichia coli MC1022 as replication host carrying plasmid pMG36e (4.5 kilobases) which confer erythromycin resistance was used in this study as a vector that have a clone of chromosomal bile salt hydrolase gene A (bshA) of Lactobacillus acidophilus Ar and prepare for transfer to stereptococcus species. A 801 bp bile salt hydrolase gene A fragment cloning for hypercholesteremic treatment in human blood by bacterial biodrug when gene overexpression occurrence. The recombinant plasmid pMG36e called pMG36/bshA vector was extracted from E. coli using ethanol 96% precipitation method. Natural transformation method was used to transform Enterococcus faecalis, which supplied by Symbiopharm company as probiotic supplement. Detection of cloning gene depend on erythromycin resistance character and overexpression assay of bile salt hydrolase enzyme using specific activity of bile salt hydrolase enzyme in transformer strain of E. faecalis and compared with wild type of E. Faecalis, the enzyme activity was increased from (397 to 607) U\mg.
 
Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Food
Get PDFThe present study aims to estimate the presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 as a contamination indicator in beef meat, dairy products and different types of ready food in local markets at Baghdad city. Sixty one samples of different food samples were tested. One isolate was detected, E. coli O157:H7 on differential and selective media MacConkey agar, sorbitol MacConkey agar, chromogenic media and routine biochemical tests were used to diagnose and identify the bacteria of other members of enterobacteriaceae. Seven isolates of E. coli were confirmed on Hi Crome EC 0157:H7 selective agar as E. coli 0157:H7, then results showed one isolate sorbitol negative carrying Shiga-like toxins (SLT)2 was detected by PCR as E. coli O157:H7, during experiments another isolate was sorbitol positive also carried SLT2. The duplex PCR procedure did not detect the SLT1 sequence in any of the contaminated samples, but found SLT2 genes in one of them. The current study supported that the presence of E. coli O157:H7 is low in food.
 
Detection of anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies in sera of women with recurrent spontaneous abortion
Get PDFTo determine the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and reproduction disorder (recurrent spontaneous abortion), twenty women patients who undergo spontaneous abortion during first trimester of pregnancy (20-38) years and have been investigated from 2015/12/1 -2016/3/1 and compared to fifteen healthy individuals. All subjects were carried out to measure anti-H. pylori IgA and anti- H. pylori IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was significant elevation (p≤ 0.05) in concentration of anti- H. pylori IgG Abs (6.30± 0.99) compared to control group (4.48± 0.61) and IgA Abs (5.42 ± 0.90 U /ml) as compared to control group (3.92 ± 0.41 U/ml). The percentage of H. pylori IgG and IgA was 20% and 25%, respectively. There was high significant (P ≤ 0.01) difference between control and test groups. While, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the concentration of IgA and IgG of H. pylori according to age. These results indicate that infection with H. pylori plays an important role in reproduction disorder of spontaneous abortion.
 
Differences between wild type and mutant isolate of Serratia by the amount of prodigiosin extracted and antibacterial activity against different types of bacteria
No full textThe mutation was applied on Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) to make it produce prodigiosin with a higher amount. One isolate of S. marcescens (Wild) was exposed to different kinds of antibiotics (Gentamycin 10 μg/ml) to produce mutant isolates from S. marcescen and examined to produce prodigiosin. The isolate that produced the largest amount of prodigiosin among four isolates was used for further studies. The antibacterial activity of prodigiosin produced from bacterial strains was examined against different species of bacteria, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, E. coli, and Pseudomonas.