Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting
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The Impact of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Adoption on Financial Reporting Quality of Listed Companies in Malawi
No full textAims: Financial reporting quality has been central to maintaining market confidence and efficiency. High-quality financial reporting has been attributed to fostering investor and stakeholder trust, benefiting organizations and the capital market. Different factors have been identified as contributing to organizations achieving higher financial reporting quality. This study examines the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and its impact on financial reporting quality.
Study Design: Using a positivist research paradigm, the study employed quantitative archival method.
Place and Duration of Study: The study employed longitudinal analysis and quantitative archival methods to investigate companies listed on the Malawi Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2019.
Methodology: The study used all the listed companies on Malawi Stock exchange between 2008 and 2019. The study used repeated measures ANOVA to measure the financial reporting quality for the various IFRS transition stages (preparation 2009 to 2013, implementation 2014 to 2016, and adoption 2017 to 2019).
Results: This study found that the financial reports did not significantly change after adopting IFRS (f(2,24) = 1.317, ƞ2 = .009, p-value = .287.) However, the study showed changes between the IFRS transition periods, starting with an increase in the percentage of movement toward financial reporting quality from the preparation period of 55.38% to 71.79% in the implementation period. However, the percentage towards good financial reporting quality dropped in the adoption period after implementation to 61.54%.
Conclusion: The findings showed that adopting IFRS involves a complex, non-linear process that affects financial reporting quality differently across various transition periods. Understanding this relationship is crucial for regulators, companies, and investors, as it has different implications for each group. The study results show that the post-adoption phase of IFRS is critical for both organizations and regulators to ensure that the benefits of these international standards are fully realized and sustained over time
FinTech and Institutional Disruption: A Systematic Literature Review on Innovations and Transformation in Finance
No full textThe purpose of this systematic literature review is to explore how financial technology innovations are transforming and disrupting the traditional financial industry and remodeling the global finance ecology. Applying the PRISMA 2020 model, we systematically reviewed 24 empirically based and peer-reviewed articles released between 2015 and the year 2025 from Scopus and Google Scholar databases. Findings shows how FinTech advances such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, machine learning and digital payments are reshaping financial transactions by improving efficiency, inclusion and transparency. Yet such technological transformations also bring new challenges, such as cybersecurity risks, data privacy issues and systemic risks. The findings underscore the role, that macroeconomic stability, financial access and technological readiness play in developing FinTech; while overregulation, infrastructural gaps and institutional weaknesses constrain scalability and innovation. Additionally, regulatory regimes that are more adaptable, pro-innovation and innovation friendly like sandboxes and innovation hubs are shown to balance financial innovation with systemic stability. The research suggests that FinTech-led change can only be sustained through joint efforts between regulators, financial institutions and technology providers. Digital and financial literacy, advanced cyber security measures, as well as trust in the consumer are all key to inclusive and resilient digital finance. The review highlights that sustainable growth of FinTech relies on synchronizing technological development with regulatory flexibility and institutional capability. Future studies might investigate how regulatory flexibility, digital literacy and organizational collaboration collectively affect technology adoption
Government Policy and Digital Financial Literacy as Drivers of Digital Financial Inclusion: Evidence from Gen Z MSMEs in East Java, Indonesia
No full textAims: This study aims to analyze the influence of government policy and digital financial literacy, both partially and simultaneously, on digital financial inclusion among Generation Z Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) actors in East Java.
Study Design: This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive framework to examine hypotheses and clarify the cause-and-effect links among different factors.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in East Java Province, Indonesia, concentrating on small and medium-sized enterprises operated by Generation Z. Data collection was collected from September to November 2025.
Methodology: The group under consideration consists of all Gen Z MSMEs participants in East Java, creating an unbounded population. A total of 385 participants was identified using the Cochran formula and chosen through purposive sampling (requirements: aged between 18 and 28, residing in East Java, and utilizing digital financial services). Information was gathered through an online survey employing a 5-point Likert scale. The analysis of the data was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling grounded in Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM) with the aid of SmartPLS software, assessing both the measurement model (outer model) and the structural model (inner model).
Results: The results indicate that Government Policy has a beneficial effect on Digital Financial Inclusion. Additionally, Digital Financial Literacy plays a crucial role in enhancing inclusion, showing a greater influence than policy initiatives by themselves. At the same time, both elements both factors effectively drive digital financial inclusion, accounting for a moderate portion of the variance (Adjusted R-Square = 0.246)
Conclusion: The research supports the fundamental idea of Human Capital Theory, establishing that even though government policies create the essential framework, the real catalyst for inclusion is \u27human capital\u27 represented by digital financial literacy. These results fill an important void in comprehending the actions of young entrepreneurs and suggest that those in charge of policy should redirect their attention from methods reliant on infrastructure to strategies that enhance skills, promoting a lasting digital economy
Internal Audit Reporting Effectiveness in Contexts of Superfluous Compliance: A Multi-theoretical Approach
No full textExamining the influence of various factors on internal auditing reporting effectiveness in a superfluous compliance environment is the prime objective of this empirical study. The effects of internal audit execution, audit behaviour and ethics, organisational culture, governance, and monitoring on the quality of internal auditing reporting were examined in a survey of 218 respondents, which included accountants and internal auditors. One control variable was the type of industry. In this study, three theories—the Agency, Institutional, and Social Identity theories—were connected and used. LinkedIn members who work as accounting and auditing professionals were able to take part in the survey by completing a self-made questionnaire that was made available online via Google Forms. After eliminating outliers, 58 replies from a 28.0% response rate were used for the study. Internal auditing reporting effectiveness (IARE) was found to be positively and significantly impacted by the variables "audit behaviour & ethics" and "governance & monitoring", according to the results of multiple regression analysis. 29.8% of the EIAR variance was explained by the model, indicating the possibility of additional study. The research responses showed no signs of autocorrelation or multicollinearity. The results support theories of social identification, agency, and institutionalism. It is recommended by this ground-breaking study that practitioners consider governance and ethical frameworks when designing an internal audit reporting system. Additionally, the study\u27s limitations, implications, and future research directions are included in the study
The Impact of Perceived Discrimination on the Job Satisfaction among Employees with Disability: A Study of Banking Sector
No full textDiscrimination has a significant impact on individuals, particularly those from marginalised groups such as people with disabilities. It is important to know the level of the discrimination that employees face and the barriers that affect the effectiveness of the employees. The research delves into how discriminatory practices in the workplace can hinder job satisfaction. The study involves 242 respondents from the banking sector, including employees from various categories of disability, such as those with visual, hearing, and mobility impairments. The study employed a convenience sampling method to choose participants, with questionnaires used for data collection, followed by analysis. The study investigated the perceived discrimination, job satisfaction, and also basic demographic profile of the respondents. The result reveals that the means of job satisfaction vary significantly between different categories of disability. The result of the study identifies an association between job satisfaction and perceived and has a significant role in predicting the job satisfaction of employees with disabilities
Impact of Corruption on Public Investment Outcomes in Nigeria
No full textCorruption remains a significant barrier to public investment in Nigeria, particularly for large-scale projects. This study aims to examine the impact of corruption on public investment outcomes across varying levels of investment with time series data covering 1986 to 2023. Using simultaneous quantile regression, the analysis captures both the direct effect of corruption and its interactions with macroeconomic variables, including GDP per capita, inflation, government effectiveness, political instability, and foreign direct investment (FDI). The results demonstrate that corruption consistently reduces public investment, with the negative impact intensifying at higher quantiles. Interaction terms reveal that government effectiveness mitigates the harmful effects of corruption, while political instability exacerbates them for smaller projects but plays a more complex role in larger ones. Inflation and FDI further amplify corruption\u27s negative effects, particularly in medium and large-scale projects. The study concludes that larger public investments are especially vulnerable to corruption, which emphasises the need for stronger institutional frameworks and governance reforms to enhance transparency and accountability in public sector investment. Lastly, macroeconomic stability and improved political conditions are crucial to enhancing public investment outcomes, particularly in large-scale projects
The Role of Company Size Moderating the Effect of Capital Structure and Profitability to Firm Value in Consumer Non-Cyclicals Businesses on the Indonesian Stock Exchange
No full textAims: Study this is about the firm value, aiming to test company size to moderate the influence of capital structure and profitability on the firm value in consumer non-cyclical business listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).
Study Design: The design of this research study is correlational.
Place and Duration of Study: Consumer non-cyclical business on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) issuers in 2018-2022.
Methodology: This study\u27s population was 122 non-cyclical consumer companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. From the population, a sample of 56 was selected based on the purposive sampling method with 5 years of observation (2018-2022), so the number of samples was 280. However, there were 18 outlier data, so the final sample was 262. Data were collected using documentary methods and analyzed using a quasi-moderation model, which was processed with SPSS 24.
Results: The study\u27s results indicate that company size can moderate the effect of capital structure and profitability on company value. This means that capital structure and profitability on a larger company scale can strengthen the increase in company value. However, partially or individually, company size, capital structure, and profitability do not affect company value.
Conclusion: The top-based results of the contribution study support the signalling theory and prove that empirical improvement in the size of a company can moderately influence the capital structure and profitability on increased firm value
The Impact of Intellectual Capital and Corporate Governance on Financial Performance in Indonesia’s Financing Services Sector
No full textAims: The aim of this research is to determine the influence of VAIC and GCG on ROA in financing services sub-sector firms listed on IDX in 2019 – 2023. Intellectual Capital quantified by value added capital employed (VACA), value added human capital (VAHU), and value added structural capital (STVA). GCG in this case is proxied with the audit committee, board of directors and independent commissioners.
Study Design: Intellectual Capital and Good Corporate Governance are independent variables, while the dependent variable is financial performance.
Place and Duration of Study: Unbalanced panel data was used for this study from finance services sub-sector companies that met the sample criteria from 2019 to 2023.
Methodology: The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, so that 33 companies with 105 data were obtained. The analysis technique used is the classical assumption test and multiple regression analysis in SPSS 22.
Results: The findings of this study indicate that intellectual capital gauged by VACA and STVA positively affect ROA, while VAHU negatively affect ROA, VAHU has a negative impact on ROA if investment in human capital is not balanced with the resulting productivity. Management inefficiencies, competency mismatches, and high costs without direct results can reduce the contribution of human capital to profitability, thereby lowering ROA. The second finding revealed that Good Corporate Governance as gauged by the audit committee, board of directors and independent commissioners does not influence ROA. Optimization of human resources with the right skills and experience will improve operational efficiency, reduce wasteful spending, and ultimately contribute to better financial management
Critical Evaluation of the Fairness of the Fair Value Concept
No full textThe research exercise is to appraise fairness in fair valuation methodology from the perspective in accounting and finance through analysing the application of fair value method of costing in International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and assessing the usefulness of fair value in improving investor and observer decisions. The research reviews theories and modern trends in the field of fair value and emphasizes the challenges and limitations facing its application. The research highlights the need for clear and specific standards to determine fair value and calls for further research in this area to enhance transparency and fairness in financial markets. Although many studies have shown that the use of fair value is limited due to the need for reliable estimates at a low cost, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and other accounting standards boards have encouraged the use of fair value to improve the comparability and updating of financial information. One of the main findings is that fair value is still not widely used in the valuation of illiquid non-financial assets, in addition to the fact that IFRS standards encourage the use of fair value in the valuation of assets and liabilities
Digital Financial Transactions and Business Performance: The Role of Mobile Money in Ghana’s SME Sector: Evidence from the Sunyani Municipality
No full textThis study examines the role of mobile money (MM) transactions in enhancing the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Sunyani Municipality, Ghana. While previous studies have explored the impact of mobile money on various aspects of economic development, limited research has specifically examined its direct impact on SME performance in the Ghanaian context. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select 120 SMEs from various sectors, including retail, electronics, and services. Data collected through structured questionnaires were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and STATA version 13, focusing on key variables such as sales revenue, frequency of mobile money transactions, and business characteristics. The results reveal a significant positive relationship between the frequency of MM transactions and sales revenue (r = 0.45). Specifically, for each additional MM transaction, sales revenue increased by GHC 500, and for every additional GHC transacted, sales revenue increased by GHC 1.50. The amount transacted via MM showed a stronger correlation with sales revenue (r = 0.60), emphasizing that higher transaction volumes drive business growth. While business age and workforce size positively impacted revenue, their influence was weaker compared to MM usage. The regression analysis further confirmed the critical role of mobile money, with MM transaction frequency and amount being the most significant predictors of sales revenue. The findings suggest that wider adoption of mobile money services could enhance operational efficiency, expand market reach, and improve financial performance, positioning MM as a key driver of SME growth in emerging markets. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on digital financial inclusion and business development, offering practical insights for policymakers and SME owners. The study covers only SMEs in Sunyani Municipality, and thus results may be limited to the generalization to other regions with different socio-economic characteristics. Based on the findings, the study recommends that promotion of the use of mobile money by SMEs be stepped up through targeted financial literacy and awareness creation directed at explaining the utility and profitability of the instrument