Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting
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Impact of Merger and Acquisition on Indian Banking: An Empirical Analysis of Allahabad Bank Merger with Indian Bank
No full textConsolidation of public sector banks (PSBs) in India has been critical area on the financial ecosystem. This research focuses on the merger of Allahabad Bank with Indian Bank, analyzing empirical impact on Indian banking sector investigates the rationale behind such mergers, including objectives like strengthening balance sheets, improving operational efficiency, and addressing non-performing assets (NPAs). The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, financial analysts, and banking professionals, contributing to the discourse on the effectiveness of mergers as a strategic tool for the restructuring and revitalization of PSBs in India by employing Paired T-test as statistical tool covering four years before the merger (2017–2020) and four years post-merger (2021–2024) to evaluates pre merger and post merger performance. Key findings highlight that the merger has led to cost synergies, enhanced capital adequacy, and improved risk management frameworks. However, challenges such as cultural integration, technological synchronization, and customer service disruptions are also observed. The research underscores the broader implications of bank mergers on financial inclusion, credit growth, and the stability of the Indian banking sector. This paper aims to facilitate a deeper analysis of mergers and acquisitions landscape, offers recommendations for optimizing future consolidation strategies
Exploring the Effects of Human Development Index on Agricultural Output in Nigeria (1999 – 2022)
No full textThis study empirically analysed the impact of Human Development Index (HDI) on agricultural output in Nigeria from 1999 to 2022. The research utilised annual secondary data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and the Index Mundi Database. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag Error Correction Model was used to ascertain both short and long run effects of HDI indicators on agricultural output. The findings indicated that, in the long run, the birth rate had a positive and significant effect on agricultural output (PV < 0.05), while government expenditure on education had a negative and significant impact (PV > 0.05). In the short run, the birth rate remained positive and significant at the 5% level, whereas both the death rate and life expectancy showed negative and significant effects. The study recommended that the government should leverage on the population growth resulting from an increased birth rate to increase agricultural participation and consequently enhance productivity
Generative AI in Strategic Business Planning: Boosting Efficiency and Competitive Advantage in Business Organizations
No full textAim: This study investigates the application of generative AI in strategic business planning, with a particular focus on its potential to enhance operational efficiency and economic competitiveness in businesses organizations.
Problem Statement: Before the advent of generative AI, businesses relied on traditional methods for routine tasks, business planning, and decision-making. These methods were often associated with significant challenges that hindered overall business efficiency.
Significance of the Study: The application of generative AI plays a vital role in strategic planning and decision making of businesses. Recently, generative AI has transformed from a revolutionary concept to a transformative dynamism across various industries. This technology has shown incomparable competences in all ways.
Methodology: This review article is based on an analysis of information gathered from high-impact journal publications.
Discussion: This study critically examines the role of AI in strategic business planning and the techniques required for its effective implementation. Generative AI enhances competitiveness by facilitating product development and innovation, optimizing sales and marketing strategies, and enabling data-driven decision-making. However, several challenges must be addressed, including legal and ethical considerations, implementation and integration hurdles, and the need for continuous adaptation and learning. The future of generative AI in strategic business decisions is expected to include advancements in AI technologies, increased collaboration between AI and human intelligence, industry-specific AI applications, and the development of ethical AI governance frameworks. Businesses that integrate AI technologies—such as operational optimization, personalized customer interactions, and predictive analytics—stand to achieve significant improvements in customer satisfaction, innovation, and overall efficiency.
Conclusion: The application of generative AI has demonstrated a positive impact on strategic business planning and has proven essential for businesses striving to remain competitive in dynamic markets. However, addressing the associated challenges is imperative to ensure the successful implementation and integration of AI into business strategies for sustainable growth and decision-making
Determining the Relationship between Internal Controls and Financial Accountability in Bushenyi District Local Government, Uganda
No full textImplementing Integrated Financial Management Information Systems in terms of internal controls has been essential in recent years for increasing financial oversight, fostering transparency, and boosting resource management in government sectors across the globe. This study examined the effect of internal controls on financial accountability in Uganda\u27s Bushenyi District Local Government after realizing its potential. Financial reporting was found to have a substantial positive correlation with (r = 0.485, P < 0.001) when a sample of 124 respondents from a population of 185 completed self-administered questionnaires using a quantitative technique. According to the study\u27s findings, financial reporting has a positive impact on financial accountability by allowing the government to evaluate the efficacy and efficiency of internal controls as well as adherence to financial policies. This helps the government make well-informed decisions and emphasizes the function of internal controls in stopping and identifying fraudulent activity in government sectors. In order to ensure efficient management of public funds, the study suggests strengthening internal control mechanisms, streamlining financial reporting systems, simplifying financial planning, and offering staff targeted training programs. These actions will improve financial accountability and public resource management in Bushenyi District Local Government
Impact of FDI Inflows on Economic Growth and Startup Development in India: An Empirical Analysis
No full textAim: This study explores the linkage between FDI inflows and economic growth in India, particularly emphasizing the impact of sectoral FDI inflows in merchandise and services on the establishment and growth of startups in the country.
Study Design: The study includes both descriptive and analytical approaches to examine how sectoral FDI inflows contribute to economic growth and foster the growth of startups in India. The study in the analytical section tries to identify significant relationships and the causal links between sectoral FDI inflows and economic growth.
Place and Duration of Study: The study is based on the quarterly data from March 2016 to December 2023, following the launch of the "Startup India" initiative, which is sourced from the RBI database.
Methodology: The study employs OLS regression to identify short-run significant relationships and Granger causality tests to explore the causal links between sectoral Foreign Direct Investment inflows and economic growth.
Results: The study reveals that the Sectoral FDI Inflows in India positively and significantly (i.e., 21.48%) influence the country\u27s economic growth. Further, the inflow of FDI is a unidirectional causality from FDI inflow to economic growth. The outputs are highly applicable to policymakers in the formulation of policies on FDI inflow.
Conclusion: The study concluded that sectoral FDI inflows have significantly impacted economic growth and helped develop start-ups in India
Non-Cash Perks and Employee Performance in Private Sector Organizations in Tanzania: A Case of Pretty Development for Poverty Reduction (PDPR) in Njombe
No full textThe study was carried out to examine the relationship between Non-cash Perks and Employee Performance at Pretty Development for Poverty Reduction (PDPR) in Njombe. This study employed a mixed method approach where both quantitative and qualitative data were used as well as convergent research design. In this study, the type of data collected was primary data from the field. The study involved respondents of three categories namely;- Managers, Supervisors and Common Employees as its target population, and hence all individuals were included and taken without having a sample size as their number was small to make the best conclusion in the sample. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews as well as documentary reviews. Quantitative data were analyzed Descriptive statistics simplified by using SPSS, while qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis. The findings revealed positive relationship between Non-cash Perks and Employee Performance at Pretty Development for Poverty Reduction (PDPR) in Njombe. The study concludes that in order to elicit the best performance from employees, there is need for some sort of motivation beyond the weekly pay check. The employees who work hard should be recognized and appreciated for their contributions to the organization.by being given the Non Cash such as Perks; Recognition, Work life balance, Career Advancement, Employee Survey, Customized Incentives Schemes, Employee Feedback and Promotion of Rewarding System. This study recommends that Tanzania\u27s government should formulate friendly labour laws and HR Policies to ensure that employees in the organizations for which they are working are treated with utmost importance and to address their requirements not only for money, but also Non-cash Perks by their organizations, which recognize them and allow the employee autonomy. Also Training programs are crucial for employee professional development. Additionally, the management must enhance Work Life Balance to their employees in both public and private sector organizations
The Halo Effect of Cash Holdings in COVID-19 and Accuracy of Analysts’ Earnings Forecast
No full textPurpose: This study investigates the halo effect of corporate cash holdings during the COVID-19 pandemic on the accuracy of analysts\u27 earnings forecasts.
Methodology: This study uses a sample of A-share listed companies from the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges in China between 2018 and 2022. We employ a continuous difference-in-differences (DID) approach, with the pre- and post-pandemic periods serving as the time variable and the cash holdings at the end of 2018 used as the categorical variable.
Results: The findings indicate that firms with higher pre-pandemic cash holdings tend to receive more optimistic earnings forecasts from analysts, leading to lower forecast accuracy. Further analysis reveals that analysts disproportionately overestimate the precautionary value of cash reserves in firms characterized by higher financing constraints, lower agency costs, and greater forecast dispersion. This excessive optimism toward cash-rich firms significantly undermines the precision of earnings forecasts.
Suggestions: The results suggest that corporate cash holdings exhibit a halo effect during emergencies. Analysts should maintain professional objectivity and prudence when forecasting future earnings, ensuring a rational and unbiased forecast
Ownership Structure and Financial Reporting Quality of Listed Consumers Goods Companies in Nigeria
No full textThis study examines the impact of ownership structure on financial reporting quality in Nigeria’s listed consumer goods companies. It focuses on managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and ownership concentration. Using an ex-post facto and correlational design, the study analyses secondary data sourced from annual reports of 15 out of 20 consumer goods companies in Nigeria, selected based on availability of data and age of listing, over a ten-year period (2012-2021). The Modified Jones model is applied to assess financial reporting quality through discretionary accruals. Data was analysed using panel regression. The results show that managerial and institutional ownership have negative but non-significant effects on reporting quality, while ownership concentration has a positive, though also non-significant, effect. The study concludes that while managerial and institutional ownership do not significantly affect reporting quality, ownership concentration shows a potential positive influence. It recommends optimising managerial ownership, leveraging institutional investors\u27 monitoring role, and strengthening governance for firms with high ownership concentration to improve financial reporting quality
Exploring the Interplay amid Employee Engagement and Work Agility: Moderating Role of Servant Leadership in Hospitality Sector in Badung Regency, Bali Province
No full textAims: This study aims to analyze the effect of employee engagement and work agility on the performance of housekeeping employees in five-star hotels in Badung Regency, Bali, as well as the moderating role of servant leadership.
Study Design: This research employs a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design.
Methodology: The population of this study consists of housekeeping employees in five-star hotels in Badung Regency, totaling 457 employees. The research sample comprises 214 respondents, selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method.
Results: The findings indicate that employee engagement and work agility have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, servant leadership strengthens the relationship between employee engagement, work agility, and employee performance as moderator.
Conclusion: This study concludes that to enhance the performance of housekeeping employees in five-star hotels, a servant leadership strategy is essential to increase employee engagement and work agility. These findings provide theoretical implications supporting Goal Setting Theory and practical implications for hotel management in improving human resource effectiveness in the hospitality industry
MNEs’ Contribution to Sustainable Development: Examining the Role of Environmental, Social Performance, and SDGs’ Alignment
No full textAims: The current global business landscape demands an acute commitment of international businesses’ sustainable practices to attain a global sustainability agenda. This paper examines the intricate nexus of Multinational Enterprises\u27 (MNEs) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices, particularly environmental innovation, business ethics, CSR reporting and their environmental performance, social performance, as well as the influence of their alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Study Design: This quantitative study employed a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Place and Duration of Study: The study used data from Refinitiv Eikon workspace for 91 MNEs from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in year 2023.
Methodology: The study used secondary data from Refinitiv Eikon workspace for 91 MNEs from MENA region using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Results and Conclusion: The PLS-SEM’s results underline the potential and significant involvement of international businesses in shaping sustainable development, especially in developing and emerging countries. The findings further show that MNEs’ CSR practices particularly environmental and social performance and their adoption or alignment with the United Nations’ SDGs emerges as a pivotal approach to enhance MNEs’ contribution to MENA countries’ sustainable development and global sustainability agenda