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Depressive Disorder in Thyroid Cancer Patients after Thyroidectomy: A Longitudinal Follow-up Study Using a National Cohort
No full textObjective The present study compared the frequency of depressive disorder in patients with thyroid cancer who had undergone thyroidectomy with the frequency in control individuals. Study Design Retrospective population-based cohort study. Setting This study used data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Sample Cohort. Subject and Methods A total of 3609 participants with thyroid cancer who had undergone thyroidectomy between 2003 and 2011 were enrolled in this study and matched 1:4 with 14,436 control participants by age, sex, income, and region of residence. The cumulative incidence of postoperative depressive disorder was evaluated over a period of 10 years after the thyroidectomies and compared with the incidence in controls. Depressive disorder was diagnosed by a psychiatrist. Results The incidence of depressive disorder was significantly higher in the thyroid cancer with thyroidectomy group than in the controls up to postoperative year 1. A subgroup analysis showed the same higher incidence of depressive disorder in the thyroid cancer group than controls for up to 1 year after operations in young adult (˂= 44 years old), female, urban, and low-income groups. However, the incidence was elevated only in the year of the thyroidectomies themselves in middle-aged and older, rural, and high-income groups. Conclusion Patients with thyroid cancer who undergo thyroidectomy have depressive disorder more frequently than normal controls. However, the frequency of depressive disorder after thyroidectomy recovers in a shorter period in middle-aged or older, high-income, and rural-dwelling patients, compared to younger, low-income, and urban-dwelling patients.This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP; Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning) (No. NRF-2017R1C1B5076033). The interpretation and conclusions contained herein do not represent those of the NRF, Korean government, or MSIP
Role of MicroRNA-34a in Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
No full textBACKGROUND:
Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the process of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We have previously reported that granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) ameliorated diastolic dysfunction and attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this study, we hypothesized a regulatory role of cardiac miRNAs in the mechanism of the anti-apoptotic effect of G-CSF in a diabetic cardiomyopathy rat model.
METHODS:
Rats were given a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin injection and then randomly allocated to receive treatment with either G-CSF or saline. H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes were cultured under a high glucose (HG) condition to induce diabetic cardiomyopathy in vitro. We examined the extent of apoptosis, miRNA expression, and miRNA target genes in the myocardium and H9c2 cells.
RESULTS:
G-CSF treatment significantly decreased apoptosis and reduced miR-34a expression in diabetic myocardium and H9c2 cells under the HG condition. G-CSF treatment also significantly increased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein expression as a target for miR-34a. In addition, transfection with an miR-34a mimic significantly increased apoptosis and decreased Bcl-2 luciferase activity in H9c2 cells.
CONCLUSION:
Our results indicate that G-CSF might have an anti-apoptotic effect through down-regulation of miR-34a in a diabetic cardiomyopathy rat model.This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2015R1D1A1-A02062008 and 2016R1D1A1B03931479)
Targeted next-generation sequencing of well-differentiated rectal, gastric, and appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors to identify potential targets
No full textRectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are the most common gastrointestinal (GI) NETs with an uncertain malignant potential despite their small size. There are limited data about driver mutations in rectal NETs, which may explain the tumors' unexpected behavior or common histologic morphology with other GI-NETs. Here, we investigated the clinically and pathologically relevant mutations of rectal and nonrectal NETs and compared the frequency and clinical significance of detected mutations between them. We sequenced 84 primary GI-NETs (69 rectal, 7 gastric, 5 appendiceal, and 3 sigmoid colon NETs) and 3 metastatic GI-NETs using targeted next-generation sequencing. Twenty-one rectal NETs (30.4%) showed at least 1 mutation in 24 cancer-related genes; the most common mutations were TP53 (10.1%) and FBXW7 (7.2%), of which 73% were pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations. TP53 (p.R337C and p.R213*), PTEN (p.W111*, p.Q214*), CDKN2A (p.W110*), FBXW7 (p.R465H), and AKT1 (p.R23Q) were repetitive mutations found exclusively in rectal NETs, whereas SMAD4 (p.R361C) and STK11 (p.D176N) were repetitive mutations found only in gastric NETs. PTEN (p.G129K), EGFR (p.E709K), and KIT (p.V5551) were shared mutations between rectal and appendiceal NETs, whereas SMAD4 (p.R361C), ALK (p.G1202R), VHL (p.Q132*), and IDH1 (p.R132H) were concurrently detected between rectal and gastric NETs. GI-NETs with higher histologic grades, lymphovascular invasion, or recurrence tended to have higher numbers of mutation variants than other tumors; however, there was no significant difference. In conclusion, rectal NETs commonly carried pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations. Because most mutations were identified in nonhotspot positions, next generation sequencing is useful in identifying potential drug targets in rectal NETs. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.This research was supported by the Hallym University Research Fund (HURF-2018-64), by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2016R1D1A1B03935447), and NRF grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT of Korea government (NRF-2019R1C1C1004463) to M. J. Kwon
배리 쉴즈. W. B. 예이츠와 세계문학: 시의 주제 (서리, 영국: 애쉬게이트 출판사, 2015. 200쪽)
No full text서평 A book reviewThis work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2017S1A2A2041909)
예이츠와 국가간 공간의 미학
No full textThis paper is to discuss how to prepare an essay on new subjects of Yeats. Recently a new ground-breaking book, W. B. Yeats and World Literature: The Subject of Poetry, was published. It offers an opportunity for scholars to reflect on what has been done on Yeats’s work. The author Barry Sheils theorizes about how Yeats and his work demonstrate the poetics of (inter)national literary space by use of recent theories available. It is a (Post)Modernist reading of Yeats’s work, mainly his prose and some poetry and drama. This reading will newly broaden and deepen the scope of comprehension of one of the multifaceted Cubist aspects of Yeats and his work. 본 논문은 예이츠에 관한 새로운 논문쓰기를 논의한다. 최근 획기적인 저서 『W. B. 예이츠와 세계문학: 시의 주제』가 간행되었다. 이로써 학자들이 지금까지 연구된 예이츠 작품에 대해 숙고해볼 기회가 된 것이다. 저자 배리 쉴즈는 근래에 문학이론을 활용하여 국가간 문학공간시학이 예이츠와 그의 작품에 어떻게 작동하는 지 보여준다. 이 시학은 (포스트)모더니즘적 독법으로 주로 그의 산문읽기에 적용하며, 부분적으로는 시와 희곡을 읽는다. 이러한 새로운 시학적용은 다면적인, 큐비스트적인 예이츠와 그의 작품의 면모 중 일부에 대한 이해의 폭을 깊고 넓게 확대시킬 것이다.This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2017S1A2A2041909)
An Empirical Analysis of the Factors Affecting Golf Course Location Decisions from the Perspective of Market Area
No full textThe purpose of the present study is to empirically analyze and interpret factors that affect golf course location decisions from the perspective of market area. To this end, this study conceptualized golf course location factors into demand for the point of location, demand for the location area, and the service industry agglomeration, and conducted a spatial regression analysis of golf course types using a distance-population index, distance-population index for each hole within the area, and location quotient of the service industry within the area as indices for analysis. The results showed that distance-population index has a positive effect on golf course location, and empirically demonstrated that there is an influential relationship between demand for the point of location point and golf course location. There were also differences in the effect of the distance-population index for each hole in an area depending on the golf course type. The present study conducted an empirical analysis of the relationship between demand and industry location that was discussed conceptually from the perspective of market area, and is significant in that it applied the formative principles of market area to conceptualize and empirically analyze golf course location factors. In order to expand the explanatory power of factors that affect golf course location decisions from a market area perspective, additional studies are needed that segment the spatial scope of demand from a nationwide level to a regional level
한국형 관광기후지수가 국립공원 탐방객수에 미치는 영향
No full textThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Korea Tourism Climate Index (KTCI) and the number of visitors to national parks. The results of the regression analysis showed that the regression models for weekday and weekend in 4 seasons for both Bukhansan and Seoraksan were statistically significant. However, the R2, which measures the explanatory power of a model, of Bukhansan was higher than that of Seoraksan. In particular, the explanatory powers of summer, fall and winter of Seoraksan were found to be very low (summer weekday 1.5%, fall weekday 1.5%, fall weekend 8.9%, winter weekday 3.7%). The regression coefficients of weekday and weekend in 4 seasons for Bukhansan and Seoraksan were found to be statistically significant. It is thus considered that KTCI affects the number of visitors to national parks. However, it can be inferred that social factors, such as vacation, in addition to the climate factor, affects the number, considering the explanatory power of weekday and weekend of Seoraksan. Therefore, future studies need to improve the validity of the model by adding social factors
A System for 3D Face Manipulation in Video
No full text본 논문에서는 비디오 상의 얼굴을 사용자가 원하는 대로 3차원적으로 변형시켜볼 수 있도록 하는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템의 3차원 얼굴 변형은 비디오 프레임의 얼굴 영역에 사용자가 변형을 가한 3차원 얼굴 모델을 덮어 씌우는 방식으로서, 기존의 애플리케이션이나 방법과 달리 비디오 상에서 3차원 변형을 실시간으로 가할 수 있도록 한다. 이를 위해 변형 가능한 3차원 얼굴 모델을 영상과 정합하고, 동시에 사용자가 가한 변형을 정합된 모델에 적용, 프레임 영상을 텍스처 매핑하여 렌더링한다. 이러한 과정은 많은 연산을 요하기 때문에 기능별로 소프트웨어 모듈을 나눠 각각의 쓰레드에서 병렬적으로 처리하도록 구현함으로써 실시간 처리가 가능하도록 하였다. 실험 결과를 통해 비디오 상의 얼굴의 눈 주변, 코, 턱, 볼 등 부위들에 대해, 기존 애플리케이션에 비해 자연스러운 변형을 실시간으로 가할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있다. We propose a system that allows three dimensional manipulation of face in video. The 3D face manipulation of the proposed system overlays the 3D face model with the user "s manipulation on the face region of the video frame, and it allows 3D manipulation of the video in real time unlike existing applications or methods. To achieve this feature, first, the 3D morphable face model is registered with the image. At the same time, user’s manipulation is applied to the registered model. Finally, the frame image mapped to the model as texture, and the texture-mapped and deformed model is rendered. Since this process requires lots of operations, parallel processing is adopted for real-time processing; the system is divided into modules according to functionalities, and each module runs in parallel on each thread. Experimental results show that specific parts of the face in video can be manipulated in real time.이 논문은 2019년도 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 정보통신기술진흥센터의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임 (No.2017-0-01849, 실내외 임의공간 실시간 영상 합성을 위한 핵심 원천기술 및 개발툴킷 개발
The Path to Ideological Choice and Destitute Subject
No full text본고는 허준의 ｢잔등｣에 나타난 인물의 주체성의 성격에 대한 연구이다. 이 작품에서 작가는 주인공이 장춘에서 출발하여 회령, 청진을 거쳐 경성으로 향하는 여로를 그리고 있다. 작가가 만주국 신경에서 활동하다 귀국했기에 자전적인 내용이라 해도 무방하다. 이 작품에는 주인공이 만주국에서 일본의 패망으로 인해 탈출하는 과정이 먼저 그려진다. 그리고 이 탈출과 귀향은 전쟁 난민의 그것이었기에, 해방된 조선에 기꺼이 귀환하는 망명객의 희망찬 귀향과는 정서상이나 주인공의 주체성 상에 큰 차이가 있음을 여실히 보여주고 있다. 논자는 이 점이 바로 이 작품의 가치를 드러내는 부분이라고 본다. 작가는 전재민으로서의 주인공이 어떻게 귀향이라는 제의를 통해 조선인으로 변화해 가는가를 그 내면묘사를 통해 상세히 그려내고 있다. 전재민과 귀향자와의 간극이 어떤 매개를 거쳐 어떤 방식으로 극복되는가를 몇 가지 중요한 장면을 연출하여 그려낸다. 굴곡진 삶을 사는 만주국 농민인 매부, 청진 근처 농촌에서 도주하는 일본인을 잡아내는 ‘소년’ 그리고 패전하여 피난중인 일본인을 돕기 위해 국밥집을 하는 ‘노파’를 내세워, 민족의 도덕을 넘어서 보편적 대의와 국제연대를 때 이르게 주장하고 있다. 당시로서는 긍정적으로 받아들여지지 못하고 열정 부재의 문학으로 평가받았지만, 허준의 이러한 주체상은 새삼 반복되어야 하는 귀중한 문학 유산이라 판단된다. This paper is on the study of the character's identity in Heo Jun's “The Faint Lamplight”. In the piece, the author depicts the journey of the main character from Changchun to Gyeongseong via Hoeryong and Chongjin. The work is the author's autobiographical content, as he returned home from his stint in the Manchurian capital.
The piece first depicts the main character's escape from Manchuria due to Japan's defeat. And this escape and return clearly shows that there is a great difference in sentiment and worldview from the hopeful return of the exiled to their emancipated homeland because it was a war refugee's.
This is the part that reveals the value of this work. The author describes in detail how the main character, who is a war refugee, is transformed into a Korean through a ritual of returning home. Some important scenes are produced and illustrated by how the gap between war refugees and Koreans is overcome through some mediums. Describing a relative farmer in Manchuria who lived a hard life, a boy who catches Japanese fleeing in a rural area near Chongjin, and an old woman who runs a soup kitchen to help Japanese who are in exile, he claims universal cause and international solidarity beyond the people's morals.
Although it was not positively accepted at that time and was considered a literary achievement of no passion, Heo Jun's theme is considered a valuable literary legacy that should be repeated all over again
Determinants of Housing Mortgage Prepayment in Korea: Using a Loan-Level Dataset
No full text본 연구는 개별 주택담보대출 자료를 이용하여 주택담보대출 조기상환 위험에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 2013년 1월~2014년 12월에 계약한 보금자리론 자료를 이용하여 콕스 비례위험모형과 시ㆍ군ㆍ구의 관찰되지 않는 이질성을 효과적으로 처리할 수 있는 공유 프레일티 모형을 추정하였다. 공유 프레일티 모형의 추정결과를 통해 동일한 시ㆍ군ㆍ구에 거주하는 차입자간의 상관성이 조기상환 위험에 영향을 주고 있음을 확인하였다.
한편 주택가격 예상 변화율과 담보주택가격 변화율이 조기상환 위험에 각각 음(-)과 양(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나 내 집 마련을 위한 주택금융정책의 일환인 보금자리론이 자본이득을 위한 투자목적의 주택구입에 이용될 수 있는 것으로 보인다. 양도소득세 비과세 조건이 충족되는 24개월에 조기상환 위험률이 급증하는 현상은 이를 뒷받침한다. 한편 담보주택가격 변화율을 그 증감에 따라 구분한 담보주택가격 증가율과 감소율은 모두 조기상환 위험에 양(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 담보가치가 감소한 경우 감소한 정도에 따라 전략적 조기상환이 하나의 대안이 될 수 있는 것으로 보인다.
이 외에도 조기상환 옵션가치, 주택담보대출비율(LTV), 총부채상환비율(DTI), 대출만기, 거치기간, 차입자의 연령, 소득, 신용등급이 조기상환 위험에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. This study empirically investigates housing mortgage prepayment behavior decisions in Korea. Using the loan-level data from 2013 to 2014, a Cox proportional hazard model and a shared frailty model which controls the effect of unobserved heterogeneity among local markets are estimated. The results show that there exists significant heterogeneity among the local markets. Ignoring this heterogeneity results in errors in estimating the prepayment behavior of borrowers.
Estimation results show that the higher expected housing price change, the lower the hazard rate of prepayment and the higher collateral value change, the higher the hazard rate of prepayment. The sale for capital gains as well as refinance by option value may also cause prepayment. The greater the degree where the collateral value declines, the higher the hazard rate of prepayment. It means that distressed prepayment is an alternative when the collateral value declines. Estimation results also indicate that loan characteristics like LTV, loan amount, maturity period, grace period, and borrower characteristics like borrower’s age, income, credit rating are determinants of prepayment. Especially, low credit serves as a constraint on refinance