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Genetic variations in the transcription factors GATA4 and GATA6 and bleeding complications in patients receiving warfarin therapy
No full textPurpose: GATA4 and GATA6 are known to have potential roles in vascular regulation by affecting vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation and atrial natriuretic peptide levels. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the associations between GATA4 and GATA6 polymorphisms and bleeding complication risk at a therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) in patients with mechanical heart valves.
Patients and methods: Study patients were included from the Ewha-Severance Treatment (EAST) Group of Warfarin. It consisted of 229 patients who received warfarin therapy after undergoing mechanical heart valve replacement and maintained a stable INR (INR of 2.0-3.0 for at least three consecutive times). Twenty single-nucleotide polymorphisms including VKORC1, CYP2C9, GATA4, and GATA6 were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the independent risk factors for bleeding complications. To evaluate the potential clinical value of genotyping for preventing bleeding complications in patients with high-risk genotype, the number needed to genotype (NNG) was also calculated.
Results: One hundred forty-two patients were included in this study, 21 of whom had bleeding complications. After adjusting covariates, TT genotype carriers of rs13273672 in GATA4 and CC genotype carriers of rs10454095 in GATA6 showed 5.0- (95% CI, 1.6-15.7) and 3.1-fold (95% CI, 1.1-8.7) higher bleeding complications than carriers of C allele and T allele, respectively. NNG for preventing one patient from experiencing bleeding complications in patients with TT genotype of rs13273672 and CC genotype of rs10454095 was 22.2 and 17.5, respectively. Patients with both TT genotype in rs13273672 and CC genotype in rs10454095 showed 8.7-fold (95% CI, 1.7-46.1) higher bleeding complications than those with other genotypes. NNG in patients having both TT genotype in rs13273672 and CC genotype in rs10454095 was calculated to be 40.0.
Conclusions: This study showed that GATA4 and GATA6 gene polymorphisms could affect bleeding complications during warfarin treatment in patients with mechanical heart valves.This study was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education (No. 2017R1D1A1B03034033) and the research grant of the Chungbuk National University in 2014
Identification and decompositions in probit and logit models
No full textProbit and logit models typically require a normalization on the error variance for model identification. This paper shows that in the context of decompositions of group sample mean proportions, error variance normalizations preclude estimation of the effects of group differences in the latent variable model parameters. This problem applies equally to decompositions of group differences in the underlying latent outcome variable. An empirical example is provided for a probit model in which the error variances are identified if an underlying random utility/latent variable theoretical model contains a variable whose coefficient is equal to 1. In the resulting probit model, for example, the coefficient of this variable is the reciprocal of the error term standard deviation. From this information, one can back out estimates of all of the coefficients in the underlying random utility/latent variable model and thereby allow the effects of group differences in the latent variable model parameters to be estimated.We thank Michael Lechner and two anonymous referees for comments that greatly improved the paper. This work is supported by the research fund of Hanyang University (HY-2016-00000002971)
Evaluation of Future Flood Risk According to RCP Scenarios Using a Regional Flood Frequency Analysis for Ungauged Watersheds
No full textAccording to the accepted climate change scenarios, the future rainfall in the Korean peninsula is expected to increase by 3-10%. The expected increase in rainfall leads to an increase of runoff that is directly linked to the stability of existing and newly installed hydraulic structures. It is necessary to accurately estimate the future frequency and severity of floods, considering increasing rainfall according to different climate change scenarios. After collecting observed flood data over twenty years in 12 watersheds, we developed a regional frequency analysis (RFA) for ungauged watersheds by adjusting flood quantiles calculated by a design rainfall-runoff analysis (DRRA) using natural flow data as an index flood. The proposed RFA was applied to estimate design floods and flood risks in 113 medium-sized basins in South Korea according to representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios. Regarding the future of the Korean peninsula, compared with the present, the flood risks were expected to increase by 24.85% and 20.28% on average for the RCP 8.5 and 4.5 scenarios, respectively.This research was supported by grants from the Strategic Research Project [20180374-101] funded by the Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology and the Disaster and Safety Management Institute [MOIS-DP-2015-05] funded by Ministry of the Interior and Safety of Korean government
The moderating effect of buyer purchasing strategy on the relationship between supplier transaction-specific investment and supplier firm performance
No full textThis study examines whether the type of buyer relational strategy (competitive or cooperative strategy) moderates the relationship between supplier transaction specific investments (TSIs) and buyer commitment, and whether the type of buyer cost reduction strategy (purchase price-based strategy or total cost-based strategy) moderates the relationship between buyer commitment and supplier performance outcomes.
Data were collected through a survey of purchasing managers at 248 buying firms in Korea. Results indicate that supplier TSIs positively affect supplier firm performance through buyer trust and commitment. The influence of supplier TSIs on buyer commitment depends on which relational strategy buyers use and the influence of buyer commitment on supplier firm performance depends on which buyer cost reduction strategy is used.We would like to express our appreciation to the two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript, and Prof. Surinder Tikoo and Steven S. Bammel for editing assistance
중소제조업의 서비스화 결정요인이 성과에 미치는 영향 : 서비스화 역량의 매개효과를 중심으로
No full textAs the technological gap amongst manufacturers decreases, the life cycle of products has shortened, and competition accelerates due to the development of technology, incumbent manufacturing companies face growth limitations. In order to overcome such business issues, manufacturing companies are increasingly interested in changes in business models and innovations, especially in the direction of providing services where they can maintain the competitive advantage of their products. In such context, this empirical study examines managerial leadership, differentiation strategies, and products and services pricing as ‘servitization factors’, which can be driving forces for moving into a new era of growth for Korean SMEs, focusing on the mediating effects of servitization competency. The results are as follows : First, it was confirmed that executive leadership, differentiation strategy, and information & communication technology capability have a direct effect on service sales. Second, the process competency, partnership competency, and ICT competency, which are presented as the service competence of SMEs, were found to play an important role in inducing service sales in managerial leadership, differentiation strategy, product and services pricing. It also emphasized the role of the public policy such as helping to foster SMEs as key partners in the expansion of social facilities and establishing platforms through ICT and data utilization for the convergence of manufacturing services
A preliminary study of the multilingual dictionary Gujin Shilin (Kokeum Seklim) of the Joseon Dynasty: Its compilation background, structure, content and value
No full textGujin Shilin 古今释林 is a multilingual dictionary, published in 1789 by Yi Ui-Pong (李义凤). The initial motivation for publishing the book was to supplement the incompleteness of other commentary books on Zhuzi Yulei 朱子语类, including Yi Hwang’s (李滉) Yulujie 语录解. At last, Yi Ui-Pong completed his project as an unabridged encyclopedia of East Asian languages based on more than 1500 Jingshiziji 经史子集 (classics, history, philosophy and collections of belle letters) of China and Korea. The book has been understudied because of its enormous number of entries, its inaccessibility due to the many languages used within, and its lack of readability due to typos and variant letters. Therefore, the goal of the present paper is to analyze the background of the publication of Gujin Shilin, and its structure, content and research value. Gujin Shilin contains vocabulary from Mongolian, Manchu, Japanese, Vietnamese, Thai as well as Korean and Chinese from different historical periods. These can be used as invaluable data for the study of international studies involved in each field, including the phonological changes that the Asian languages have gone through, the interrelation among Asian languages and their mutual influences, the linguistic life, culture and custom shared by the ‘Chinese character cultural sphere’ countries and the study of the variant Chinese characters.This work was supported by Korean Studies Foundation Research through the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the Korean Studies Promotion Service of the Academy of Korean Studies (AKS-2018-KFR-1250001)
Study on the Characteristics of Jewelry Design Based on the Surrealism of Salvador Dali
No full text살바도르 달리는 초현실주의를 대표하는 작가로서 현대미술의 거장 중 한명으로 손꼽힌다. 그의 회화 작품은 작가 자신의 무의식 세계의 고뇌와 환상을 뒤섞어 대중을 압도하는 경이로움을 선사한다. 또한 그는 초현실주의 그룹에만 머무르지 않았으며 다양한 장르에서 거침없이 활동을 하고 예술적 영역을 확대하여 후대 현대미술에 미친 영향이 적지 않다.
특히 그가 20여 년간 각별한 애정과 관심을 보였던 주얼리디자인의 경우 크게 주목받지 못하고 그 가치를 인정받지 못한 것으로 사료된다. 그리하여 본 논문에서 달리의 주얼리디자인을 연구함으로서 그의 작품의 특성을 분석하고 재조명한다. 연구범위는 1949년부터 1970년까지로 설정하고 스페인과 미국에 있는 달리 미술관에 소장된 작품47점으로 한정하였다. 객관적 고찰을 위해 관련 문헌자료를 활용하여 조사하였다.
초현실주의는 현실을 초월하고 완전한 자유 상태인 무의식의 세계를 찾음으로서 인간을 해방시키는데 목적을 둔다. 1920년경부터 시작하여 20년간의 전성기를 누렸으며 초기의 추상적 표현과 후기의 사실적 표현으로 구분된다. 달리는 이중이미지 기법과 편집광적 비평방법을 통해 자신의 무의식의 세계를 탐구하여 사실적인 묘사를 강조한 작품을 보였다. 자신에게 내재된 감정들과 형상들을 탐구하여 가시화하였다.
달리의 도입기 주얼리디자인은 초현실주의적 모티브가 모태가 되었으며 성장기 디자인은 종교적 모티브와 장식성이 강조되었다. 성숙기에는 예술성을 강조한 오브제형 주얼리를 선보임으로서 달리만의 고유한 디자인의 가치를 증명하였다. 달리 주얼리디자인의 특성을 형태적으로 보면 십자가, 초현실주의적 모티브, 하트 등이 있으며 다양한 모티브와 장식의 종교 주얼리를 제작하였다. 특히 주얼리에 기계적 움직임을 갖는 메커니즘을 내장하여 새로운 도전을 하였다.
달리는 주얼리디자인을 정통 회화와 동일한 선상에서 받아들이고 대등한 작품으로 인식하였다. 그의 작품은 자신의 내면의 세계를 입체로 형상화하는 통로였으며 보는 이로 하여금 독특한 상상력을 불러일으키는 높은 예술적 가치를 지닌다.
Salvador Dali is the artist that led the surrealism movement and is considered to be one of the masters of modern art. His paintings combine his own subconscious world’s anguish and fantasy to deliver a sense of wonder that overwhelms the public. Furthermore, he did not settle with surrealism but went on to diverse genres without reserve to expand his artistic horizons, leaving a significant influence on post-modern art.
In particular, he showed particular affection and interest in jewelry design for 20 years yet it was not given much attention or value. Therefore, this study will focus on Dali’s jewelry design to analyze and shed new light on its characteristics. Research scope will be from 1949 to 1970, limited to the collections of art museums in the US and Spain which comprises a total of 47 pieces. For the purpose of objective investigation, i used literature data.
Surrealism transcends reality and discovers the subconscious world of complete freedom in order to free the human being. It began around 1920 and had its prime for approximately 20 years. It is distinguished into the early abstract expression method and the latter realistic expression method. Through the double-image method and mono-maniacal criticism method, he researched his subconscious world and created artwork that emphasized realistic depiction. He studied his own innate emotions and forms and visualized them.
Dali’s early jewelry design became the birthplace of the realist motif while his mid-stage design stressed realistic motifs and decoration. In his latter designs, he made objet-style jewelry that emphasized artistry, proving the value of Dali’s unique design. Dali’s jewelry design characteristics in regards to shape include the cross, surrealistic motifs, hearts, etc.; he created religious jewelry with diverse motifs and decorations. In particular, he pioneered into a new area by including a mechanism inside the jewelry with mechanic movements.
Dali embraced jewelry design alongside traditional painting on the same level and recognized jewelry as an equal form of art. His work was a pathway for giving form to his internal world and has a high artistic value that arouses a unique imagination in the viewer
Eurasian Diaspora Oriental Doctors in Poland and Overseas Korean Network at Korean Colonial Era
No full text1920년대 폴란드 바르샤바에서 한약방을 운영하던 ‘류초시’라는 한의사, 1988년 안중근 의거의 어린 동지로서 독립운동 유공자로 공훈·추서된 유동하, 그리고 1989년 소련 해체 후 한국에 소개된 유라시아 다아스포라 가족(유동주·유동선 남매), 이 세 인물(군)들은 1890년대 러시아로 이주한 유경집(류초시)의 가족이다.
본고는 유라시아 디아스포라 유경집(류초시)을, 텍스트 발굴, 개인 생애사의 추적, 그 개인이 위치하고 관계 맺은 사회·역사적 맥락을 통해, 그의 이산의 생애를 복원·재구성하고 그 의미를 탐구했다. 유경집 본인의 1937년 귀환 인터뷰 및 고백 서사,그 자기서사에서 숨기고 있었던 1909년의 안중근 사건, 그리고 1920년대 식민지 조선과의 접속을 보여주는 근거들로 단층화된 한 개인 이산자의 다층적 국면에 접근하고자 했다. 나아가 유경집(류초시)이라는 개인 사례를 넘어, 식민지시대 해외 이주 조선인과 식민지 조선 내부와의 관계를 논했다. 특히 3post(제1차 세계대전 이후, 1917년 소비에트 혁명 이후, 동아시아에서의 3·1운동 및 5·4운동 이후) 시기 미디어 통신 네트워크 기반하의 인적·담론적 교류의 광역적 이동성, 이 광역적 이동 성하의 세계와 아시아 식민지 지역이 공유한 정치적 비전을 살펴보았다.
연구를 통해 첫째 한 개인의 유라시아 지역 디아스포라의 실체를, 둘째 개인 이산자가 고국과 접속되는 방식과 경로를, 셋째 그 경로가 위치한 근대 미디어 및 통신네트워크 및 세계체제와 광역적 시공간적 지평의 자장과 의미를 살펴보았다. 이러한 탐색의 과정 속에서 1937년 귀환서사가, 실재했던 민족주의적 저항의 기억과 세계와의 광역적 접속의 기억을 은폐하는 정치적 맥락을 논했다. 마지막으로 이러한 논의를 통해 ‘해외독립운동’이라는 ‘일국사적 내셔널 프레임’을 다르게 사유할 수 있는 가능성을 모색하고자 했다.
In the 1920s, he was a oriental medical practitioner who was operating Oriental Hospital in Warsaw, Poland. As a young colleague of Ahn Jung-geun’s body in 1988, he was awarded as an independent activist. And after the dismantling of the Soviet Union in 1989, These are scattered both temporally and spatially. These three figures are a family of Yoo-Kyungjeep(劉敬緝=Ryu-chosi:劉初試) who moved to Russia in the 1890s.
This article restructured and restored the life of disciples of Eurasian Diaspora (Ryucho si) and explored its meaning. Through the textual discovery, the tracking of personal life history, and the social context in which the individual is located and related. Through this, I illuminated the portrait of The Eurasian Diaspora Yu-Kyungjeep in the following three contexts. 1) Korean National Movement in Russia from 1909 to early 1910’s. It is related to the independence movement of Ahn Jung-geun. 2)1920s European Overseas Korean Network, 3) Eurasian Diaspora returnees who hid their status and career in 1937(The late 1930s, the late Colonial Fascist War). Furthermore, this article goes beyond the ‘Ryu’ individual case and discusses the relationship between the colonial period overseas migrant Koreans and the inside of colonial Korea. Particularly, the global mobility of human interchange of knowledge ·discourse·based on the media communication network during the period of 3post (after World War I, after the Soviet revolution of 1917, after the 3·1 movement in Asia and after the 5·4 movement) I looked at the political vision shared by the Asian colonies.
The following discussion was conducted through this. The first one is about the reality of Diaspora in the Eurasian region, the second is how the discrete individual is connected with the homeland, the third is the modern media and communication network, the world system and the global spatial and temporal horizon. In other words, social and historical situation in 3 post (after World War I, after the Soviet Revolution of 1917, after the 3·1 movement in Asia and after the 5·4 movement). The political context of the Diaspora return narrative in 1937, which hid the memory of the connection, and the fifth, the possibility of thinking differently about the national paradigm of the international independence movement
A Study on the Features of Grotesque Appeared in Works of Adam Jones
No full text본 논문은 아담 존스(Adam Jones)의 뮤직비디오에 나타난 특징들을 메리 루소(Mary J Russo)의 그로테스크(Uncanny Grotesque)이론과 결부시켜 살펴보는데 초점을 맞추었다. 메리 루소는 프로이드의 ‘언캐니’와 크리스테바의 ‘아브젝시옹’과 같은 현대 담론을 토대로 그로테스크에 대한 새로운 시각을 제시한다. ‘그로테스크’는 미학적 의미뿐만 아니라 사회 문화적 현상을 나타내는 용어로써 기존 사회에 대한 비판적 관점을 비주류의 감성으로 독특하게 표현된 것들을 지칭한다. 본 연구에서는 일차적으로 그로테스크의 이론을 검토한 후 아담 존스의 뮤직비디오의 시각적 특징들을 분석한다. 분석을 통해 아담 존스의 예술세계와 메리루소의 ‘언캐니 그로테스크(Uncanny Grotesque)’ 담론 사이의 관련성을 추적함으로써 작품의 불가해한 내용을 이해하는 단초를 제공하고자 하는 목적을 가진다. 본 연구는 ‘그로테스크’ 관련 문헌을 1차 연구 자료로 삼았다. 덧붙여 선행 연구와 그 외 출판물들, 비평적 자료 등을 보조 텍스트로 참고하였다. 나아가 이미지와 영상분석 시도를 통해 해석학적 결론을 도출하고자 한다. 작품 분석결과, 아담 존스의 뮤직비디오를 관통하고 있는 주제와 시각적 표현이 ‘언캐니 그로테스크’의 개념에 기반하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 아담 존스의 그로테스크는 그저 낯선 신체의 출현을 보여주는 것이 아니라 우리의 무의식을 드러내며 두려움과 절망이 압도적인 무게를 가진 삶을 정면으로 바라보게 해준다. This article aims to examine the characteristics features of the grotesque in music videos directed by Adam Jones, reviewing them using Mary Russo’s theory of grotesque Mary Russo shed new light on the grotesque based on the concepts of modern philosophy such as Freud’s “uncnny” and Kristeva’s “abjection”. The term of “grotesque” is used broadly, not only in the aesthetic sense but also in a sense that designates sociocultural phenomena. It takes a perspective critical of the traditional society, and express it through non-mainstream sensibilities. First, this paper looks at the concept of grotesque theory, and analyzes the visual features of Adam Jones’s music videos based on the idea of the “grotesque”. It intends to provide clues to understand the otherwise inexplicable of the work by tracing the relationship between the Adam Jones’s artistic world and Mary Russo’s concept of the “uncanny grotesque”. The primary method used in this study was to analysis of books and periodicals about theories of the grotesque . Additionally, literature, including previous studies, other publications, and the writing of critics were used as auxiliary texts. Furthermore, this research analyzed images in Adam Jones’s music videos as secondary data, and reached some hermeneutic conclusions. After analysis of the work, it has been found that the theme and visual expressions penetrating Adam Jones’s works are based on the concept of the ‘uncanny grotesque'. Jone’s grotesque does not merely show body with strange appearance. but expose our own unconscious and lets us look straight at our lives, where fear and frustration have the overwhelming weight
An energy-efficient process planning system using machine-monitoring data: A data analytics approach
No full textThis paper presents a system development of incorporating Computer-Aided Process Planning (CAPP) with energy-efficient machining based on a hybrid approach to take advantage of Generative Process Planning (GPP) and Variant Process Planning (VPP) and compensate for the drawbacks of both GPP and VPP. The GPP decides process plans without human assistance through decision-making algorithms in computers but lacks in ensuring the models’ robustness for different machining conditions. The VPP adopts group technology by reusing existing plans through the identification and classification of part family but does not support predictive and optimum decision-making. The developed Energy- Efficient Process Planning System (EEPPS) builds upon data analytics to efficiently process the machine-monitoring data collected from real machine tool’s operations and to develop energy prediction and optimization models based on historical machine-monitoring data. Particularly, those energy prediction and optimization models allow process planners to anticipate the energy consumed during executing a numerical control program and optimize process parameters at the level of machining features for minimizing energy use. This paper also presents a prototype implementation to show the feasibility of the proposed EEPPS.This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. NRF-2016R1C1B1008820)