SAP Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine (Journal)
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Prevalence of self-perceived musculoskeletal pain and its association with gender in teleworkers of the management team of a Venezuelan food manufacturing company
Full text linkObjective: to determine the prevalence of self-perceived musculoskeletal pain and its association with gender in teleworkers of the management team of a Venezuelan food manufacturing company.
Methods: a quantitative, field, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of 243 workers and a sample of 182 workers. The survey was used as a data collection technique, and the questionnaire was developed using Google Forms® as an instrument.
Results: the age range was between 20 and 73 years, with a mean of 45.8±9.1 years. Women (43.0%) had more than 10 years of seniority, a lower percentage than that observed among men (50,0 %). Regarding self-perceived pain, (92,59 %) of women reported more pain than men (81,68 %); the probability of presenting neck pain in this group was (85,8 %). In contrast to men (38,93 %), 69,14 % of the women self-perceived right shoulder pain; the probability of presenting right shoulder pain in the sample studied was 50 %. Concerning upper back pain (48,15 %) of the women and 33,59 % of the men, the probability of presenting upper back pain was 39,2 %. The mean total musculoskeletal pain or discomfort score was 59,13 for women and 39,94 for men.
Conclusion: there was a statistically significant association between self-perceived pain in certain areas of the body and female gender for exposure to disergonomic risk factors
Characteristics of the Dementia Syndrome in Primary Health Care
Full text linkIntroduction: Dementia is one of the most important organic brain disorders. It manifests itself chronically and progressively, with alterations in cognitive functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, calculation, language and learning ability without initially causing consciousness disorders.
Objective: To characterize patients diagnosed with dementia syndrome in the Geriatrics Clinic of the "Policlínico Asdrúbal López Vázquez" in Guantánamo from June 2019 to July 2021.
Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the "Policlínico Asdrúbal López Vázquez" in the municipality and province of Guantánamo. In the statistical analysis, the following variables were extracted: gender, age group, educational level, toxic habits, family medical history, personal medical history, cognitive impairment group (according to Mini-Mental State Examination), and the level of patient independence (according to the Katz Index and Lawton Index). Descriptive indicators, as well as totals and percentages, were obtained using the statistical software SPSS 23.0.
Results: According to the results of the Folstein´s Mini Mental State Examination and sex variable, we found a predominance of females in the group with cognitive impairment of 21.7% (17). It can also be observed that the educational level is a statistically significant factor (p = 0.001) in dementia syndrome, as individuals with a lower educational level have 5.53 times higher risk (RR=5.5).
Conclusions: Female sex, low educational level, smoking and high blood pressure are risk factors for cognitive impairment
Results of physical rehabilitation treatment in children with delayed psychomotor development
Full text linkIntroduction: early intervention with physical rehabilitation actions in children with retarded psychomotor development is, above all, a fundamental principle to neutralize the consequences of the disease on functional capacity and to maximize possible residues.
Objective: To describe the results of the rehabilitation treatment in children with delayed psychomotor development, belonging to the Pedro Borrás Astorga Polyclinic, in the Pinar del Río municipality during the year 2022.
Method: an observational, descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study was carried out, with a universe of 31 children with delayed psychomotor development and a sample of 26 children who met the inclusion criteria. The percentage was produced as a summary measure and the chi-square test with a significance level of p<0,001.
Results: Female patients predominated (61,5 %), with 3 to 6 months of age (23,2 %) and perinatal risk factors (57,7 %). The most affected area of development was the gross motor (76,9 %). After a month of treatment, there was a predominance of patients with a normal evaluation in all areas, except in the language area in 5 patients (38,4 %). After three months of rehabilitation treatment, it was lost that the largest number of patients had a normal assessment in all areas of psychomotor development.
Conclusions: the rehabilitation treatment in children with delayed psychomotor development showed satisfactory results in all areas of affected development
Study of joint fluid for early detection of infections associated with hip arthroplasty
Full text linkBackground: there are numerous studies and algorithms proposed to define the presence of infection in total hip replacement, among them the commonly used are Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). These are serological markers, which are easily accessible, cheap, and their Specificity and Sensitivity are widely studied and known. On the other hand, we have arthrocentesis, with the following evaluation of synovial fluid. Through a systematic review of the existing studies, we will evaluate whether the execution of Postoperative Arthrocentesis in a preventive manner to anticipate a possible infection is not important, comparing these synovial markers with the previously mentioned serological ones (ESR and CRP).
Material and methods: systematic review of articles through PubMed. In the first instance, a brief investigation is carried out on the incidence of infection in total hip replacement. After this, we select articles from medical trials that study patients with total hip replacement who have had peri-implant infection and meet the criteria proposed by the Musculoskeletal Infections Society (MSIS), and also, which were evaluated by the markers Erythrocyte Sedimentation (ESR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Synovial White Blood Cells (WBC) and Synovial Polymorphonuclear (PMN). Then these collected data were entered into an Excel table, comparing each one of them, and thus being able to have an average, defining if it is really worth performing immediate post-operative arthrocentesis in order to prevent or diagnose an infection early.
Conclusion: although each of the studies analyzed have different cut-off values for each of the markers analyzed, we can observe that both the Specificity and the Sensitivity of the synovial fluid White Blood Cell count compared to the serological markers (CRP and ESR) are higher
Independent care performed by nursing professionals in the prevention of delirium
Full text linkIntroduction: Delirium is a condition that affects attention, consciousness, and cognition, especially in older people. It can result from underlying diseases or medications. It has a great economic and social impact, with the need for special care, increased risk of falls, prolonged hospitalization and institutionalization.
Methods: A literature search was performed in SciELO and Scopus with the keywords "delirium", "prevention" and "nursing" establishing inclusion and exclusion criteria to select 15 relevant articles on the independent care provided by nursing professionals in the prevention of delirium occurrence in the last 5 years and open access.
Results: The importance of delirium prevention and management through nursing interventions and the use of specific tools is highlighted. The potential of technology for early detection and preventive intervention is highlighted. Nurses play an essential role in the early identification and management of delirium by implementing various interventions and assessment tools. The implementation of standardized measures and protocols to improve the quality of care is recommended, although the need for future studies to improve delirium care is suggested.
Conclusion: The importance of nursing interventions in the prevention and management of delirium was observed, highlighting their effectiveness in reducing the incidence and severity. The usefulness of easily accessible tools and technologies for early detection is highlighted. On the other hand, the need for continuous research to improve patient care and quality of life was emphasized
Management of pain reduction in mechanically ventilated care subjects
Full text linkIntroduction: Pain is an unpleasant emotional experience linked to actual or potential injuries, concerns in intensive care units (ICU), affecting life and recovery of patients. It is essential to address this pain, classifying it with WHO criteria and guidelines. The approach is to explore types of pain and strategies for its management, seeking to improve quality of life during ICU hospitalization.
Methods: A PubMed search was performed with "Pain Management" AND "nursing" AND "Artificial Respiration", filtering for studies between 2018 and 2023. After review, 11 irrelevant articles were discarded, selecting 8 that met criteria.
Results: The outcome focuses on an independent approach to pain management in nursing, involving non-pharmacological measures and quality standards. This brings with it the responsibility to look for better alternatives to optimize nursing care in adequate pain management.
Conclusion: The data from these studies expose relevant information highlighting the importance of adequate independent pain management and sedation by nurses in critically ill ICU patients. The opportunity to implement more effective and patient-centered approaches to improve the well-being and recovery of critically ill patients is emphasized
The psychiatric dysfunctions associated to the labor estrés in professionals of the education
Full text linkStress caused by working conditions or environments continues to be a scourge that affects workers worldwide and can affect physical and mental health, even favoring the emergence of somatic, endocrine, and psychiatric diseases. In education, especially teachers who work directly with students with school maladjustments, learning disorders, and psychiatric disorders, which require greater effort in the teaching-learning process, the long working hours and constant demands to which teachers are exposed are permanent sources of stress at work. The paper describes the psychological problems caused by work stress in the educational sector and offers preventive measures to avoid it
Comparative pilot study of anthropometric measurements in standing position between the grid template and the anthropometer Harpenden
Full text linkIntroduction: anthropometric dimensions allow the world of work to adapt the means and the workplace to the workers\u27 characteristics and improve their jobs. It is necessary to have alternatives to carry out anthropometric measurements, given the costs of measuring instruments and the limited availability of such instruments in occupational health and safety services.
Aim: to compare standing anthropometric measurements using anthropometric tables versus the Harpenden anthropometer.
Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with a population of 26 workers (11 men and 15 women). The following measurements were taken in a standing position with the anthropometric tables and the Holtein Harpenden anthropometer: height, shoulder height, height at the middle finger, and length of the upper limb, using the Student\u27s t-hypothesis test to compare both measurements.
Results: the values of the anthropometric variables measured by both the anthropometric tables and the Harpenden anthropometer did not present significant statistical differences, both in men and women.
Conclusions: the pilot test showed that using anthropometric tables in anthropometric studies constitutes a low-cost alternative
Interdisciplinary approach in support of academic trajectories: teacher and psycho-pedagogical training in action
Full text linkAccompanying formative trajectories at the Higher Level implies two essential components: collaborating to overcome cognitive difficulties inherent to the change of educational level and promoting the construction of an academic biography through group interaction and individual adaptation in the training process. In addition, it is essential to provide students with a space for active listening that gives them meaning, empowerment, and emancipation and fosters communication and social bonding in the classroom, generating a subjectivizing experience for teachers and students. Accompaniment also implies specific constitutive elements of each career, such as a language that reflects communication and professional identity and the integration of epistemic views that support a type of knowledge necessary for teaching. These elements, developed throughout the academic trajectory of each student, become the fundamental basis for generating institutional approaches, innovative didactic proposals, and diverse psycho-pedagogical interventions. In this context, interdisciplinary postures, based on complex thinking, offer an integrated development perspective for each student, allowing unique experiences in collaborative work among peers and teaching intervention. This is fundamental for their training and future performance in accompanying the school trajectories of children and adolescents, working in a collective and interdisciplinary way in schools
Interdisciplinary Exploration of the Impact of Job Stress on Teachers\u27 Lives
No full textWork stress is an increasingly frequent and growing phenomenon in today\u27s society, where speed and impatience to constantly face new challenges and challenges in professional, family, and social life prevail. In the world of work, responsibilities, constant transformations, making difficult decisions and the demands of technological development can be sources of stress for education professionals, which is why learning to identify work stressors, identifying the signs of stress, managing to prevent them and developing the right strategies for their management is becoming an increasingly important priority for both teachers and educational institutions due to the costs they entail. This article contextualizes the Cuban scenario where our teachers work, identifies the main causes of stress at work, the conflicts, the physical and emotional symptoms it brings with it and highlights the importance of self-care to maintain the quality of life of education workers and make the educational institution a healthy space. The research is based on the dialectical-materialistic approach, theoretical, empirical, and mathematical statistical methods were used in the different stages of the study, and the bibliographic file technique was used for the critical study of the documents