SAP Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine (Journal)
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Occupational therapy in trauma recovery for women and children in Gaza: A Holistic and interdisciplinary approach
Full text linkTrauma recovery for women and children in Gaza is a multifaceted challenge requiring a holistic, culturally attuned, and collaborative approach. Occupational Therapy (OT) plays a pivotal role within interdisciplinary teams in addressing trauma and facilitating healing. This article emphasizes the significance of adhering to trauma-informed care principles and implementing culturally competent interventions tailored to the unique experiences of this population. Navigating through the intricate terrain of trauma recovery, advocating for the integration of interdisciplinary care to address the far-reaching effects of trauma is vital to facilitate healing for this population. Understanding the core principles of trauma-informed care, emphasizing safety, trust, choice, collaboration, and empowerment as essential foundations are essential for effective intervention. Occupational Therapy emerges as a key player in this endeavor, bringing a holistic perspective that complements the expertise of mental health professionals, educators, social workers, and community leaders. By focusing on meaningful daily occupations and considering the cultural nuances of Gaza, OT professionals work collaboratively to empower individuals to regain control over their lives and rebuild resilience. Furthermore, age-specific OT interventions for children and occupation-based interventions for women are intricately designed to address the developmental needs and cultural context of this unique population. These interventions emphasize empowerment, self-care, and adaptive strategies to navigate the challenges of trauma
Biopsychosocial factors influencing primary caregivers of patients diagnosed with dementia syndrome
Full text linkIntroduction: in the present century, dementia is one of the most disabling syndromes affecting the elderly population, which increases its frequency at an accelerated rate and has a high individual and social impact.
Objective: to identify biopsychosocial factors that influence primary caregivers of patients diagnosed with dementia syndrome.
Methods: descriptive longitudinal study in the Central Area of the municipality and province of Guantánamo, during the period from December 2019 to May 2022. The universe was constituted by the main caregivers of 43 elderly, the following variables were used: age, sex, schooling, marital status, occupation, personal pathological history before being a caregiver, personal pathological history after being a caregiver, type of caregiver, cognitive deterioration of the patient, time employed by the caregiver, level of overload, burn out syndrome - burned caregiver. Descriptive indicators were obtained through the SPSS 23.0 statistical package, as well as totals and percentages.
Results: the factors most associated with the overload of the main caregiver of patients with dementia syndrome were female sex (OR=63; CI95%: 10,3-86,7; p=0,000), the affective ties of spouse/child (OR=61,8; IC95%: 7,0-67,1; p=0,001) and the degree of cognitive impairment (OR=45,0; IC95 % 4,8-93,6; p=0,001).
Conclusions: female sex, spousal bonding and degree of cognitive impairment were identified as factors influencing the overload of primary caregivers of patients with dementia syndrome
Work psychosocial factors and stress in medical staff in the epidemiology area of a public institution
Full text linkPsychosocial risk factors are conditions present in the work environment that are related to the organization of work, its social environment, work content and the performance of the task that can affect the health of workers. This research aims to determine the psychosocial factors at work and stress in the medical staff of a public institution. Research under the positivist, quantitative, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional paradigm. The population and census sample consisted of 15 medical profession workers. In the collection of information, three questionnaires from the Battery of instruments for the evaluation of psychosocial risk factors of the Ministry of Social Protection, Colombia (2010) were applied. The results show that women predominated (80,0 %), where (46,7 %) was single, with an average age and seniority of 32 years and 10 years respectively. As for psychosocial work factors, high and very high risk levels were found in 53,3 %, with extra-work conditions being the most unfavorable, associated with the economic situation of the family group (80,0 %), characteristics of the home and the environment (73,3 %) and home-work-home displacement (73,3 %). On the other hand, 40,0 % of the personnel studied perceived high and very high risk levels of stress. Concluding that the population is exposed to occupational psychosocial factors, with the appearance of revealing symptoms of stress. Therefore, the use of corrective measures that help minimize possible damage to health is recommended
Bed bathing in adult critical care patients
Full text linkIntroduction: bed bathing is an essential intervention to provide well-being and comfort to critically ill patients, as well as to protect them from risks and threats. Prolonged hospitalization in critical care units can have negative consequences, and bed bathing has been presented as a complementary intervention to improve the care provided by nursing staff.
Methods: an integrative literature review was carried out in the Scopus and SciELO databases for the last 5 years, using descriptors such as "baths" and "critical care". A total of 60 articles were obtained, from which 22 relevant to the topic were selected.
Results: bed bathing with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) has been shown to be effective in reducing bacterial colonization, healthcare-associated infections and the incidence of bloodstream infections in critically ill patients. Although positive results were observed with regular use of CHG bathing, more research is needed to define the optimal frequency and duration of treatment, as well as to evaluate possible adverse effects. The use of music to reduce pain in ventilated patients is identified.
Conclusion: bed bathing is used more frequently in critical settings with CHG. Further research with larger samples and defined methods is needed to maximize its effectiveness and establish clear guidelines for its appropriate use
Scientific production on fractures in student scientific journals in the five-year period 2017-2022
Full text linkIntroduction: the migration of printed science to the digital format has caused an increase in the number of journals, which causes an increase in interest in the study of their operation, not only as a task for editorial committees but also for scientists, librarians, and students.
Objective: to characterize the scientific production on fractures in Cuban student journals of health sciences in the five-year period 2017-2022.
Methods: a metric study was carried out on the scientific production about fractures in Cuban student scientific journals of health sciences during the five-year period 2017-2022. 13 journals of this type, included in the National Registry of Health Sciences Serials, were examined.
Results: a total of 10 articles divided into the types of original article, review article and case presentation were collected. The years of greatest scientific production were 2021 and 2022 with n=4 in each case; the journals Universidad Médica Pinareña and 16 de abril were the leaders in terms of manuscripts published with n=3 each. The longest average time for sending the manuscript and its subsequent acceptance was in 2019 with 14 months.
Conclusions: the scientific production on fractures in student journals is low, characterized by a predominance of original articles of a cross-sectional descriptive type, in Spanish with multiple authorship without international collaboration, frequently with male authors and affiliation with Universities of Medical Sciences and a mean acceptance time of 4,7 months
A comprehensive approach to oral health from the epidemiology of acute herpetic gingivostomatitis in pediatric patients
Full text linkIntroduction: Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis (AHGE) is the most common clinical manifestation of primary herpes simplex virus type 1, infection. It is a childhood disease, more frequent in infants and children under 6 years of age.
Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in pediatric patients between the ages of 0 and 18 who attended with signs and symptoms of acute herpetic gingivostomatitis in the period from January 2022 to January 2023 at the dental clinic “AntonioBriones Montoto”, Pinar del Río, Cuba. The universe consisted of 156 children and the sample, obtained by simple random sampling, by 65 children according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The results were presented in tables and graphs to facilitate analysis and discussion.
Results: there was a prevalence of acute herpetic gingivostomatitis in the ages of 2 and 6 years for 52,3 %. The most frequently detected signs and symptoms were pain in 100 %, difficulty in eating food in 87,7 %. The main risk factors were: catarrhal states with 40,0 % and febrile states 27,7 %. The level of knowledge about oral health was classified as regular with 44,6 %.
Conclusions: ignorance of the causes, treatment and evolution of GEHA is the consequence of poor health education, hence the need to establish educational programs with a view to reducing the incidence and prevalence of oral diseases.
Chronic immunoinflammatory periodontal disease in patients with bruxism
Full text linkIntroduction: the stomatognathic apparatus participates in vital functions and allows the development of the individual as a social entity; its incoordinations provoke the rupture of its physiological harmony.
Objective: to determine the behavior of Chronic Immunoinflammatory Periodontal Disease in bruxopathic patients over 15 years of age from January 2022 to May 2023.
Method: descriptive epidemiological cross-sectional study to determine the behavior of Chronic Immunoinflammatory Periodontal Disease. The universe consisted of 103 patients over 15 years of age with this pathology and the sample consisted of 73 patients who also presented bruxism.
Results: the 55 to 64 years age group predominated with 23.3%, and the female sex with 68.5%; hypocolored gingiva prevailed, with hard-elastic consistency, with reinforced stippling, increased in size and migrated towards the apical. There was no bleeding in 39.7% and 28.8% presented grade II mobility. Fibroedematous gingivitis was the most predominant gingivitis with 75%. According to the Composite Indicator index, 41.4% presented moderate periodontitis according to severity and 58.5% presented localized periodontitis according to extension.
Conclusions: Bruxism does not initiate periodontal lesion, but it helps to aggravate the situation if there is a pre-established periodontal disease. There was a direct relationship between Chronic Immunoinflammatory Periodontal Disease and bruxism, taking into account that the morphology of the periodontal morphology of the periodontal lesion is not always the same as that of the periodontal lesio
Health risk level and prediction of musculoskeletal pain in workers under telework conditions: A matrix approach
Full text linkObjective: evaluate the level of ergonomic risk and discomfort among musculoskeletal workers in teleworking conditions, and determine the potential risk to health of the development of musculoskeletal disorders.
Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. In a sample of 212 workers (87.2% of the population). A questionnaire under the Google Forms application was used, in addition, video calls were made to evaluate the work station. Together, the ROSA method was used. Data analysis was performed with SPSS Version 26.
Results: (61,8 %) of the participants were male with a mean age of 45,86 ± 9,0 years, with a job history of 10,72 ± 8,8 years and a computer use time of 7.33 ± 3.0 hours. (41.9%) of the workers had a high level of dysergonomic risk. Likewise, 42,9 % of the personnel who teleworked did not present a high level of musculoskeletal pain. The health risk was (83 %), with a range of moderate to high and very high level. There is a strong-positive correlation between health risk and CMDQ total scores, given by rho = 0,896, likewise a strong-positive correlation between health risk and ROSA scores, given by rho = 0,869. With 95 % confidence and p <0,05.
Conclusions: it was evidenced that teleworkers carry out tasks under inadequate conditions and environment, not adapted to their anthropometry; In addition, they are exposed for a long time to biomechanical risk, generating musculoskeletal discomfort
Quality of life of patients with Parkinson\u27s disease receiving rehabilitation treatment
Full text linkIntroduction: physical rehabilitation in the early stages of Parkinson\u27s disease can prevent or slow down long-term problems that limit mobility and activity, and thereby contribute to the quality of life of patients who suffer from this disease.
Objective: to determine the quality of life in patients with Parkinson\u27s disease receiving rehabilitation treatment in the municipality of Pinar del Río, in 2023.
Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of a universe of 68 patients diagnosed with Parkinson\u27s disease in the municipality of Pinar del Río and the sample of 27 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used.
Results: the largest number of patients are in the group of 70 to 79 years old: 12 (44,4 %), and in the group of males: 17 (62,9 %). According to the Barthel Index (62,9 %) most patients have moderate dependence. After administering SF-36 Quality of Life Health Questionnaire, results showed that physical functioning dimension obtained the highest scores, while general health dimension got the lowest ones. Patients who initiated rehabilitation treatment showed significantly lower scores than those who had been on treatment for some time with statistically significant differences (p < 0,001).
Conclusions: rehabilitation treatment in patients with Parkinson\u27s disease has a positive influence on their quality of life
A comprehensive approach to the impact of job stress on women in the teaching profession
Full text linkStress related to working conditions, or work-related stress, is the way in which the body reacts to different situations, causing a physical or psychological imbalance. This article contextualizes the work of our female teachers, identifies the causes, conflicts, physical and emotional symptoms brought about by inadequate interaction with the work environment. The research presented here is quantitative and qualitative, assuming as a basic condition to face this study, its dynamic, participative and transforming character. Due to its essence, the research will be descriptive, explanatory and participatory. We worked with an intentional sample of 50 female teachers working in seventh, eighth and ninth grades in four basic secondary schools located in the municipality of San Miguel del Padrón. A survey was applied to teachers to obtain information about our object of study. The emotional state of the female teachers analyzed and their job dissatisfaction are variables that affect their health, motivation, personal fulfillment and performance, thus also affecting the effectiveness of our educational institutions. The improvement of teachers, starting from considering the need to prevent work stress for an adequate professional performance in the context of performance, presupposes the design of various strategies that are conceived from the theoretical references of the historical-cultural approach, with a structure and operation that considers potential levels in correspondence with individual educational needs and adjusted to current conditions