SAP Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine (Journal)
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Characterization of functional capacity in the elderly
Full text linkIntroduction: the evaluation of the elderly should be multidimensional with the inclusion of the physical, mental, social and functional areas.
Objective: to characterize the functional capacity of elderly people in Los Palacios clinic 4 during 2021.
Methods: cross-sectional descriptive research. Population: 212 elderly adults who met the inclusion criteria. ABSTRACT measures were used for qualitative data (absolute frequency relative percentage).
Results: age 60 - 64 (28,7 %), female sex (27,4 %) and consensual union were predominant. The predominant dispensary group was III (61,7 %), with prevalence of independence status for basic activities of daily living and for instrumented activities of daily living (IADLs), moderate dependence and frailty and falls as major geriatric syndromes predominated.
Conclusions: Functional capacity in elderly adults was characterized by state of independence for basic activities of daily living and instrumented activities
Effectiveness of rectal ozone therapy in patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Full text linkIntroduction: sensorineural hearing loss is defined as the loss of hearing capacity, producing a difficulty or impossibility to hear normally, where there is damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve. Medical ozone has proven biological effects that make it very useful in this pathology, since it intervenes in the intracellular metabolism regulating its redox state.
Methods: a descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study was carried out in the Natural and Traditional Medicine Service of the Dr. "León Cuervo Rubio" Clinical and Surgical Teaching Hospital, with the Otorhinolaryngology Service of the General Hospital Abel Santamaría Cuadrado to evaluate the effectiveness of rectal ozone therapy in patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss. The sample consisted of 35 patients who met the inclusion criteria. A traditional clinical history was taken and an audiometric evaluation by the ENT specialist was recorded before and after treatment with prior informed consent.
Results: The nosological entity was predominantly male and between 45 and 54 years of age. The most significant risk factors were arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, 54,20 % had good response to treatment
Use of rectal ozone therapy in patients with osteoarthritis
Full text linkIntroduction: ozone therapy is characterized by the simplicity of its application, high effectiveness, good tolerance and practically absence of side effects.
Objective: to characterize the use of rectal ozone therapy in patients with osteoarthritis treated at the ozone service of the Isabel Rubio Díaz polyclinic in the municipality of Los Palacios during 2019.
Method: descriptive and transversal research. The sample studied 84 patients attended in ozone therapy service in the analyzed period, according to inclusion criteria. ABSTRACT measures were used for qualitative data and chi-square.
Results: the predominant age group was 60 years and older (63,1 %) and female sex (77,4 %); the most affected joints were upper interphalangeal joints (100 %), followed by knees, decreasing the degree of disability at the end of treatment, which was significant; the response to treatment was satisfactory in 81 % of cases and only 4 % presented adverse reactions.
Conclusions: Rectal ozone therapy has demonstrated its efficacy and few adverse reactions in patients with osteoarthritis, so its use is recommended as another therapeutic option
Effects of rehabilitative exercise on quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia. Clinical trials review
Full text linkIntroduction: Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease characterized by widespread pain, fatigue and sleep disorders. Although there is no cure, multidisciplinary treatment, including lifestyle changes, cognitive-behavioral therapy and medications, can help control symptoms and improve quality of life.
Methods: a systematic review of clinical studies investigating the effectiveness of exercise in patients with fibromyalgia was conducted during the period from 2017 to 2021. A total of 29 relevant scientific articles that met the established inclusion criteria and filters were identified and evaluated.
Results: studies have shown that various physical activity interventions can have a positive impact on symptoms and quality of life in fibromyalgia patients, although efficacy may vary by modality. Obesity may moderate the benefits of treatment, and it is suggested that staying active may be an effective strategy in the management of fibromyalgia.
Conclusions: the most effective interventions were low-intensity physical exercise programs, such as resistance and coordination training; muscle stretching exercises and resistance training; core strengthening exercises and stretching exercises; and Tai Chi
Use of virtual reality in rehabilitation
Full text linkIntroduction: virtual reality is a promising medical rehabilitation tool, offering patients a safe and interactive experience to improve their quality of life. Scientific studies support its effectiveness in improving balance, coordination, and cognitive function in various conditions.
Methods: PubMed was searched for information using descriptors related to virtual reality and physical and mental rehabilitation. Twenty-nine clinical and observational trial articles published in the last 10 years in English and Spanish were selected, and the PRISMA methodology was used for systematic reviews.
Results: the results indicate that virtual reality therapy can improve motor, cognitive and psychological function in diverse patient populations. However, the effectiveness of different virtual reality approaches may vary depending on the population and rehabilitation goals.
Conclusion: virtual reality therapy improves motor function and quality of life in patients with various medical conditions. Combining it with other therapies can enhance outcomes and shows benefits in treating neurological and psychological conditions
Knowledge Structure in Rehabilitation within and beyond the Medical Field: Bibliometric Perspectives of the Categories "Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation" and "Rehabilitation"
Full text linkEffective communication is crucial in the fields of Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy, and Rehabilitation. Several studies highlight the importance of communication strategies and their impact on patient outcomes and motivation. A bibliometric study was carried out in the categories "Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation" and "Rehabilitation" in the Scopus database. While both fields exhibit robustness and relevance in the academic and research panorama, "Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy, and Rehabilitation" appears to have an edge in terms of volume, impact, and collaboration. However, it\u27s essential to note that the quality and actual impact on clinical practice and society may require considerations beyond these metrics. In conclusion, research in physical therapy, sports therapy, and rehabilitation is essential to advance the profession, improve patient care, and contribute to society\u27s overall well-being. The implications of this work extend beyond the clinical realm, influencing education, policy, and health economics. It\u27s an investment in the future of healthcare and a testament to the ongoing commitment to excellence and evidence-based care
Clinical and epidemiological characterization of disability in the elderly population
Full text linkIntroduction: the phenomenon of population aging has contributed to the increasing prevalence of disability in the elderly.
Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically the disability in the elderly population of the medical office No. 14 belonging to the Popular Council Hermanos Saíz, San Juan y Martínez, in the period 2018-2020.
Method: an observational, descriptive, prospective study was conducted covering the population over 60 years of age. The sample consisted of 154 elderly adults with disabilities, selected by systematic and stratified sampling. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used. Instruments such as the Katz Index, Lawton Index, Minimum Mental Status Examination, and the Survey of Disability Risk Factors (EFRD) were applied. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis and processing. This research complied with the ethics fundamentals of the Declaration of Helsinki 2008.
Results: there is a predominance of female sex, age group between 60 and 69 years, and primary education level. The highest percentage is single, retired or pensioned. Acquired disability and, within them, physical, motor and mental disabilities are the most frequent. The most prevalent morbidity is arterial hypertension. Predominance of functioning level III. The most frequent risk factors are female sex, age, education and chronic non-communicable diseases.
Conclusions: knowledge of the epidemiological behavior of the elderly with disabilities will allow the development of actions with a promotional approach to improve quality of life and thus health
Clinical-epidemiological characterization of suicide attempts
Full text linkIntroduction: at present, suicide is one of the ten leading causes of death in most countries.
Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically the suicide attempt in the municipality of Viñales in the period from 2015 to 2018.
Method: an observational, descriptive and transversal study was carried out, the universe and the sample coincided in number (80), selected by a simple non-probabilistic random sampling, theoretical, empirical methods were applied when reviewing clinical and family health histories, in addition a structured interview and the family functioning test were applied; the data were processed and taken to tables for better interpretation, a statistical study given in absolute and relative numbers was applied.
Results: there was a predominance of female sex and age group between 25-59 years, most of them had finished high school, were married and workers, the most used suicidal methods were the soft ones, the severity of the circumstances was low, the greatest number of patients showed seriousness of intention, depression was the most frequent risk factor and family functioning was moderately functional families.
Conclusions: suicide attempts constitute a health problem in the population of Viñales, risk factors should be identified in order to carry out health actions aimed at prevention
Anxiety, depression and coping strategies in convalescent Covid-19 patients
Full text linkAs an effect of the Covid-19 pandemic, it is expected that there will be a worsening of psychological health in the general population. An increase in the levels of anxiety and depression may be observed, depending on the coping resources that each person has or the lack of them. A study was carried out with convalescent patients of Covid-19 in the municipality of Viñales with the objective of determining the levels of anxiety, depression, and the coping strategies used. The study had a non-experimental, cross-sectional design with exploratory-descriptive scope. The sample selection was non-probabilistic and consisted of 77 patients. The interview, the IDARE, the IDERE, and the Lazarus and Folkman\u27s Coping Modes Scale were used as techniques. As results, a predominance of the male sex was identified, the most affected age group with 76 % is 25 to 55 years of age and the most affected popular council is Viñales. There was evidence of medium anxiety levels as a state and high as a trait in 75 % of the sample, 86 % presented medium levels of depression as a state and high as a trait. The coping strategies used were focused on the problem, which was representative of 90 % of those studied
Disability and functionality of older adults
Full text linkIntroduction: the population of all the countries of the Americas is in the process of aging, the Cuban population is no stranger to this social phenomenon that generates new damages to health.
Objective: to characterize the disability and functionability of older adults belonging to the medical office 8 of the Policlínico Fermín Valdés Domínguez, Viñales municipality in 2018.
Methods: an observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study was carried out, 256 older adults were identified as the universe, selecting a sample of 179 by simple random sampling. Theoretical and empirical methods were used to review the clinical histories and the Katz index and the Lawton scale were applied to determine functionability, descriptive and inferential statistics, the nonparametric Mann Whitney test and the Spearman test, all with a level of certainty of 95%; the data were included in tables and graphs for better understanding.
Results: an average of 67 years of age and prevalence of female sex was observed; 54,7 % of the older adults did not present disability; diabetes mellitus was associated with special sensory system disability, 72,6 % were independent when applying Katz index and 69,3 % the Lawton scale, functionability decreases with age.
Conclusions: most of the older adults did not present disabilities and maintained their functional capacity, which contributes to achieve a healthy longevity and better quality of life