SAP Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine (Journal)
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Respiratory Rehabilitation Protocol for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Full text linkThe overall objective of this manuscript is to provide respiratory system-specialized kinesiologists with a guide for the effective implementation of a specific movement-based respiratory rehabilitation protocol for patients with COPD. In this study, a literature review was conducted on various research works, and those with a common objective were selected, which was to determine a specific respiratory rehabilitation protocol for COPD patients.The study was approached with a qualitative methodology since the goal was not to quantify the types of exercises and techniques corresponding to a specific treatment for COPD patients. Therefore, those techniques and exercises possible to perform in therapy were described.This study was confirmed that physical exercise is a fundamental tool for addressing COPD patients to improve their quality of life in all aspects, although it was not possible to determine at which stage of COPD each exercise can be carried out. Therefore, it is deemed appropriate to conduct further research to describe this with greater clarity
Neurological complications in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection at the Japanese Hospital in Santa Cruz, Bolivia
Full text linkIntroduction: Neurological involvement is common among patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Between 40 and 60% will develop symptomatic neurological complications with high morbidity and mortality at some point. Objective: To analyze the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of patients with HIV infection who develop neurological complications at the Japanese Hospital of Santa Cruz de la Sierra in the period between March 2019 and February 2022.Methods: Observational, descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study. Universe and Sample: Patients admitted through the Emergency Service of the Japanese Hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease during the period between March 2019 and February 2022Results and discussion: A total of 42 patients were evaluated, the majority of whom were men and had a younger average age. For both sexes, the majority of patients reported having a source of employment. Regarding sexual orientation, almost all women reported being heterosexual, while men were more variable, with the majority being bisexual. Three clinical syndromes were identified at admission. The frequency of focal syndrome was dominant in women, but was not significantly different from the others. In men, meningeal syndrome and focal syndrome were the dominant ones, significantly exceeding non-focal syndrome. Ten neurological complications were identified, cerebral toxoplasmosis was the most frequent, followed by cerebral cryptococcosis and meningeal tuberculosis. Considering all patients in general, their typical hospital stay was 11 days with a range between 2 and 56 days. Of the 42 patients evaluated, it was only possible to measure the CD4 status for 27.Conclusions: The young male population with employment in the city of Santa Cruz with aberrant sexual behavior was the most affected. Focal syndrome was the most frequent form of presentation, in the form of cerebral toxoplasmosis. Severely low levels of immunosuppression were found in the study population. Hospital stay is variable and is longer in cases of focal syndrome and meningeal syndrome. We consider it important to continue the present study, which will allow us to increase the sample size
Hemorrhagic stroke associated with Prasugrel treatment: a review of the literature
Full text linkIntroduction: patients receiving treatment with Prasugrel for the prevention of acute coronary artery disease may suffer a hemorrhagic stroke as a complication, this being one of the most serious complications and with the highest mortality associated with the use of antiplatelet agents. Objective: to analyze the relationship between antiplatelet therapy with Prasugrel and the occurrence of hemorrhagic stroke.Methods: search of information in the Scopus, Web of Science and SciELO databases on hemorrhagic encephalic vascular accidents during the use of Prasugrel. Results: a total of 50 articles were found that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 3 of which were used for this study. Conclusion: risk factors such as arterial hypertension, diabetes, advanced age predisposes patients to hemorrhagic stroke during treatment with Prasugre
Exercises and Cognition in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An updated Short Communication
Full text linkType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly linked to cognitive decline, which is a significant public health concern. Evidence suggests that individuals with T2DM are at a higher risk of cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. This association may be due to several factors, such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and vascular dysfunction. Regular physical activity has emerged as a promising intervention for improving cognitive function in individuals with T2DM. Exercise can enhance insulin sensitivity, reduce inflammation, and promote neurogenesis. Additionally, it can improve cardiovascular health, which is crucial for brain health
Caregiver Training in the Management of Neurogenic Bladder in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report
Full text linkIntroduction: Spinal cord injury presents a significant challenge for rehabilitation, with neurogenic bladder being one of its most demanding complications. Proper management is crucial for the quality of life of affected individuals, often requiring caregiver involvement. Rehabilitation Nursing plays a central role in empowering the caregiver, ensuring continuity of care after the hospital period.Objective: To describe the outcomes of caregiver training in managing neurogenic bladder in individuals with spinal cord injury, conducted by a Rehabilitation Nursing Specialist, focusing on promoting autonomy and empowerment of both the person and their family.Methods: Case report based on the CARE guidelines, detailing the intervention of the Rehabilitation Nursing Specialist in training the individual\u27s father. The results were measured using the Barthel Index, the Functional Independence Measure, and knowledge gains.Results: The active involvement of the caregiver in neurogenic bladder management allowed for continuity of care during the post-hospital period, minimizing risks and promoting a smoother adaptation to the home environment. Caregiver empowerment contributed to reduced institutional dependence and a safer transition to the community setting.Conclusion: Caregiver training proved to be essential for managing neurogenic bladder, facilitating rehabilitation and preserving the autonomy of individuals with spinal cord injury. The intervention by the Rehabilitation Nursing Specialist, grounded in Orem\u27s Self-Care Theory and Meleis\u27 Transition Theory, highlights the need for a holistic and participative approach in rehabilitation
Use of Cannabis in people with autism spectrum disorder
Full text linkIntroduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired communication, social interaction, and repetitive or stereotyped behaviors in those affected. It presents with a wide range of symptoms, which can vary from mild to severe.Method: a search was conducted in the PubMed, SciELO databases, and the book Cannabis Medicinal. Articles were downloaded from the cited platforms to make the appropriate citations and references in Portuguese, Spanish, and English, covering the last 5 years.Results: The use of medicinal cannabis in treating Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has shown potential in improving symptoms such as hyperactivity, aggression, self-harm, sleep disturbances, and anxiety. Recent studies highlight that cannabinoids, particularly cannabidiol (CBD), may be a safe and effective option for relieving these symptoms and improving patients\u27 quality of life. However, it is essential to have more robust and long-term research to assess its safety and adverse effects. Despite promising results, the need for professional monitoring and individualized treatment is emphasized to optimize benefits and mitigate possible risks.Conclusions: this treatment is highly individualized and personalized, encompassing not only pharmacological interventions but also dietary adjustments, supplements, and social behavior strategies, with cannabis use being a supplementary alternative
Rehabilitation through movement in diabetic foot
Full text linkOne of the consequences of Diabetes Mellitus is diabetic foot, which we will address in this scientific manuscript. The diabetic foot is the product of a laceration of the foot which is a consequence of the chronic disease diabetes where the healing time is altered and extended, generating greater risk in life, a decrease in the person\u27s quality of life and a greater cost to the health system.The treatment carried out for the diabetic foot becomes extensive and affects the mobility of the ankle joint, leaving it rigid, which is called ankle ankylosis, losing the functionality of the joint, which causes gait dysfunction. The proposal of this manuscript is to demonstrate the importance of movement in rehabilitation, generating a global approach to the person, encompassing prevention and treatment
Radial nerve paralysis (high and low), comparison between tendon transfer treatment and nerve reconstruction, literature review
Full text linkIntroduction: The hand is a complex organ whose intricate function allows communication with the environment. It is essential in daily life activities, and its delicate structures are strategically innervated by three main nerves: the ulnar nerve for the hypothenar palm area, the median nerve for the thenar palm area, and the radial nerve for the dorsal aspect.Nerve injuries result in the loss of sensitivity and motor function associated with them. Radial nerve injury leads to the loss of wrist and finger extensor function, thus disrupting the normal grip and release pattern. Surgical techniques aimed at restoring function include tendon transfers or nerve repairs.Objective: To demonstrate the best therapeutic approach for each radial nerve injury.Material and methods: Systematic literature searches were conducted on PubMed for studies published between 2008 and 2024, focusing on radial nerve paralysis treated with tendon transfer or nerve transfer surgery.Results: The results of these studies show heterogeneity regarding technique and functional restoration. Conclusion: Currently, there is no consensus on the optimal technique for reconstruction; however, nerve transfers emerge as a promising option. Nevertheless, further research is needed to identify the limitations of each technique
Osteitis pubis in athletes: How should it be treated during professional competition?
Full text linkIntroduction Osteitis pubis, also known as pubalgia, is a mainly chronic injury, very common, which significantly affects the career of athletes, mainly men and young athletes, reappearing repeatedly because it occurs in an area that is constantly active in sports life, making it difficult to rest and thus generating numerous recurrences. Objectives Establish a proper management to treat this injury, taking into account the high competitiveness, and understand and know which is the most effective treatment method between surgical and conservative. Materials and methods A complete investigation will be carried out from different articles and studies carried out by health professionals about different treatments of osteitis pubis and at what time of the injury they were performed, from these to draw a conclusion according to the different results. Results: Different studies were reviewed,76 athletes with a diagnosis of pubalgia, were treated with conservative methods averaging a return to activity between 3 and 6 months depending on the stage of the injury. Injection therapy showed positive results in some patients at 3-8 weeks, while other patients after 25 weeks of injection did not benefit. 198 patients were studied for surgical treatment, on average, prior to surgery, presented preoperative symptoms for 15 months and averaged a recovery time of 9 months to regain competitiveness. Conclusion: OP should be treated according to the type of lesion of each patient, it should always be started with conservative treatment, ignoring infiltrative therapies, it should not wait more than 3 months to opt for surgical treatment
Raloxifene as a neuroprotectant in an in vitro model of perinatal asphyxia
Full text linkIntroduction: perinatal asphyxia is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period, with preterm newborns being the most affected and it is more frequent in developing countries. Objective: to describe the use of raloxifene as a neuroprotector in perinatal asphyxia.Method: a review of the literature selected by the authors was carried out, obtained through reference search engines, in which topics related to perinatal asphyxia and all the alterations produced by this pathology are included.Results: applying raloxifene to 7-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were submitted to a ligation of the common carotid artery, we obtained as results a decrease in the production of free radicals, among other processes, favoring neuronal viability through the conservation of mitochondria functions.Conclusion: in view of the lack of pharmacological treatments, certain international organizations, such as the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children\u27s Fund, have emphasized research into new therapeutic alternatives. Today there is only one type of treatment approved and used for newborns suffering from perinatal asphyxia, therapeutic hypothermia. The use of raloxifene in a murine model promises to be an alternative, although it is still under investigatio