SAP Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine (Journal)
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Transitions theory as a theoretical framework to support Rehabilitation Nursing in an orthotrauma context
Full text linkIncreased life expectancy has brought new challenges to health systems, especially with regard to the rising incidence of orthotraumatic disorders, which compromise the ability to self-care. In this context, the work of the Rehabilitation Nurse Specialist is essential, and the importance of theoretical references to support their practice is highlighted. Afaf Meleis\u27 theory of transitions offers a conceptual framework for understanding and intervening in the processes of change experienced by people with orthotraumatic disorders. By recognizing the properties of transitions and the factors that influence them, the specialist nurse can develop, together with the person, strategies to help the person and their family adapt to their new living conditions, promoting their autonomy, independence and quality of life
Physical activity in childhood: benefits, barriers, and educational strategies
Full text linkIntroduction: The research addressed the importance of physical activity in childhood as an essential element for comprehensive development. It was highlighted that regular exercise not only strengthened physical health but also influenced cognitive, social, and emotional well-being. From an early age, the establishment of active habits prevented chronic diseases and laid the foundations for a healthy lifestyle, with immediate and long-term benefits.
Development: Physical activity was defined as any bodily movement that increased energy expenditure above the basal level. In children aged 5 to 10, regular exercise promoted motor development, coordination, balance, and flexibility, as well as strengthening the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and muscular systems. The literature showed that physically active children achieved greater self-esteem, confidence, and social interaction skills. Academically, physical activity was associated with better school performance, greater concentration, and a greater willingness to learn. However, limitations persisted, such as a lack of resources, time, and teacher training, as well as differing attitudes among parents and educators. In response, schools became key spaces for implementing physical education programs, extracurricular activities, and active recess, contributing to the creation of a culture oriented toward well-being.
Conclusions: The study concluded that physical activity in childhood was a decisive factor for health and comprehensive education. Overcoming structural and cultural barriers required the joint commitment of families, teachers, and authorities. Thus, promoting physical activity in children not only had an impact in the present but also projected lasting benefits for future quality of life
The impact of sleep hygiene on pain management in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia: systematic review
Full text linkBackground: Pain is a personal and subjective experience that can only be described by the patient, especially for those with fibromyalgia. While much is known about the key role of sleep in optimizing many functions, little has been explored regarding how it modulates pain perception. A bidirectional relationship between pain perception and sleep disturbances has been documented. This paper focuses on reviewing research on the relationship between sleep and pain perception specifically in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia.Materials and Methods. A systematic review of published studies was conducted on the relationship between sleep disorders or poor sleep hygiene and pain perception in adult patients (18-65 years) diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The literature search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE and Scopus, Results. The results show that implementing strategies to improve sleep hygiene can reduce pain intensity and enhance the quality of life of patients. Additionally, it was observed that the lack of restorative sleep exacerbates fatigue symptoms and negatively affects cognitive and emotional functioning. Conclusión. The systematic review suggests that improving sleep hygiene is an effective intervention for managing pain in fibromyalgia patients. Incorporating healthy sleep habits into treatment could alleviate symptoms and optimize the clinical management of this condition, thus improving the quality of life
Risk of anterior cruciate ligament rupture in young soccer players, an updated retrospective work
Full text linkIntroduction: the growth in female soccer practices poses a great challenge in professional training due to the high risk of anterior cruciate ligament rupture from the beginning of practice for female soccer players who have great expectations for the future. Objective: to determine the risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament rupture in young soccer players.Methods: literature review focused on anatomo-physiological, psychological and social variables. Female soccer players from 14 to 22 years old who follow a preventive program called “FIFA11+” are taken into account. Scope of the study: sports facilities (Estudiantes de La Plata, Defensa y Justicia in person, San Lorenzo de Almagro virtually). Results: wide benefit in those players who received support and follow-up by multidisciplinary teams in their sports practice. Conclusion: the heterogeneity of factors affecting each player was addressed by multidisciplinary teams, achieving benefits in their present and future. The proposed prevention from the first steps of scheduled and progressive training practices is the necessary strategy that showed highly positive results that resulted in a decrease of anterior cruciate ligament rupture injuries of the knee
Technological method in the evaluation of rehabilitation procedures in Multiple Sclerosis with neurogenic bladder
Full text linkIntroduction: the technological method of health makes it possible to direct the technological process efficiently, to know the structure of the problems and their relationships for care from the physical-rehabilitative point of view. Therefore, the authors identify as an objective of the research: to argue the link between the technological method of health in the evaluation process of rehabilitative technological procedures in Multiple Sclerosis with lower urinary tract dysfunction.Method: a longitudinal descriptive study with a qualitative approach was carried out in the period from January to October 2024, in the Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation department of the Villa Clara Clinical-Surgical University Hospital "Arnaldo Milián Castro". For the theoretical inquiries, the following theoretical levels were used: analytical-synthetic, historical-logical, systematization and the statistical-mathematical level: descriptive statistics.Results: In rehabilitation, the technological method combined with clinical-epidemiological assessments allows decision-making from a health-based, humanistic and socially inclusive approach. In addition, it facilitates the structuring of the stages in which rehabilitation procedures will be carried out aimed at the recovery of people diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis with lower urinary tract dysfunction.Conclusions: the evaluation of rehabilitation technological procedures associated with the technological method of health will allow more accurate treatment guidelines to be established and implemented
Rehabilitation Nursing Interventions at the level of the Sexuality function in Disabled Persons. Rapid Review
Full text linkIntroduction: Sexuality is an essential element for the health and quality of life. Rehabilitation Nursing allows training and maximization of the functionality of disabled persons. The purpose of this study is, in the scope of rehabilitation, to map the evidence of nursing interventions in terms of the function of sexuality in disabled persons.Method: Rapid Literature Review using PubMed and the EBSCOhost platform. Accepting only primary studies, published between January 1, 2014 and November 16, 2024. Cochrane guidelines were followed.Results: A total of seven articles were included. In the data analyzed, health education emerged as the main line of intervention in Rehabilitation Nursing. Nursing professionals must evaluate and teach disabled persons, and their family members and caregivers about the role of sexuality, the factors that affect it and the techniques used to optimize it. The application of intervention models and therapeutic communication facilitate the elaboration of individualized care plans. The use of techniques like videos or simulations strategies facilitate the discussion of sexuality and help to teach specific instructions.Conclusion: Rehabilitation Nursing Specialists must perform health education using validated intervention models. It is suggested that a Systematic Review of Literature and Case Reports be carried out to increase knowledge on this topic
Mortality in mechanical ventilation in prone position in patients with acute respiratory distress síndrome
No full textIntroduction: Prone ventilation has been shown to improve oxygenation and lung mechanics in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, but I consider it necessary to delve deeper into the relationship between the prone position and mortality. Objectives: To evaluate whether the prone position decreases the risk of mortality in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome vs. supine ventilation, in a global and segmented manner, as well as to know the main adverse effects related to it. Material and methods: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials comparing patients in the prone vs. supine position was performed with a search in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and LILACS, and mortality, hospital stay, days of mechanical ventilation and adverse effects were evaluated. Results: Seven randomized controlled clinical trials were included in the analysis. The prone position showed a non-significant tendency to decrease mortality when analyzed globally. When stratified by subgroups, a significant decrease in the risk of mortality was found in patients: 1) ventilated with low tidal volume, 2) prolonged prone position, and 3) established before 48 hours of disease progression in severe hypoxemia. The adverse effects related to prone position were the development of pressure ulcers and orotracheal tube obstruction. Conclusion: Prone position ventilation is a safe strategy and reduces mortality in patients with severe oxygenation impairment. It should be established early, for prolonged periods, and associated with a protective ventilation strategy
Palmitoylethanolamide as an emerging therapy for neurodegenerative diseases
Full text linkPalmitoylethanolamide (PEA) was studied for its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Recent research has shown that it protects HT-22 neuronal cells from oxidative stress caused by hypoxia and reoxygenation, through the activation of signalling pathways such as pAkt and ERK1/2. In addition, it modulates the activation of microglia and astrocytes, reducing inflammation and neuronal damage. Its action did not depend on the CB2 receptor, which indicated a novel mechanism. Its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases such as ischaemic stroke, which is common in Latin America, was highlighted. Although its safety profile was favourable, additional clinical studies were indicated for its implementation. Regional cooperation was presented as a key factor in advancing its clinical application
The importance of sleep in fibromyalgia: Challenges and advances in Latin America
Full text linkFibromyalgia was described as a syndrome characterised by chronic widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disorders and cognitive alterations. It mainly affected women and represented a clinical and social challenge due to its complexity and high disability burden. It was observed that patients presented alterations in deep sleep and an increase in nocturnal awakenings, which intensified the pain and reduced the effectiveness of the treatments. Sleep hygiene, understood as the set of habits that favour restorative rest, was shown to be an effective strategy for improving sleep quality and reducing the perception of pain. Despite its effectiveness, its incorporation into health policies in Latin America was limited, and a biomedical approach centred on pharmacological treatment predominated. The need to integrate the psychoeducational and sleep components into the multidisciplinary management of fibromyalgia was highlighted
Decompressive Craniectomy As A Treatment In Patients With Cranio-Brain Trauma At The Central Hospital Of Maracay
Full text linkThe general objective: To evaluate decompressive craniectomy (DC) as a treatment in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at the Central Hospital of Maracay. January-July 2024. Materials and Methods: The study is descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional. Glasgow and Marshall coma scale, clinical characteristics and imaging findings were applied. Results: 15 patients aged 49±23.5 years, 93% male, were studied. The main cause of TBI was a motorcycle accident and another (53.3%). Before CD, 80% had moderate TBI, 66.66% had normal pupils, 46.67% entered II and 33,33% were placed in IV on the Marshall scale. Subdural hematoma and epidural hematoma predominated with 26.67% in each case. The midline deviation was 8.5±2.4 mm. The CD application time was 11±9.6 hours. After CD, 46.66% and 26.67% were classified as having moderate and mild TBI respectively. 40% had normal pupils, 20% died and 66.67% were not admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Although the results were favorable after CD, the differences did not show statistical significance (p≥0.05) so it is recommended to expand the sampling. Conclusion: The results suggest that decompressive craniectomy is recommended as a treatment in patients with traumatic brain injury, with satisfactory results in ages 20-40 years and moderate and mild TBI on the Glasgow scale. However, in patients over 60 years of age and a Glasgow scale score of less than 9 points, the results may be unfavorable