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La construction des compétences individuelles, entre potentiel interne et pression externe. Cas d’un échantillon de PME de la région d’Oran en Algérie: The construction of individual skills, between internal potential and external pressure. Case of a sample of SMEs from the region of Oran in Algeria
No full textThis article aims to identify the factors that can have an impact on the development of skills within the Algerian company. To do this, we have adopted the hypothetico-deductive approach by adopting an explanatory descriptive type problem. For this we relied on a questionnaire and some interviews developed with managers of firms or with HR managers belonging to the plastics sector in the region of Oran. The analysis of the results obtained on the study of a sample composed of thirty companies shows that the competitive intensity, the technological dimension, and the level of mastery of the employees have a positive and significant impact on the action of the HR function. on skills
واقع الحوكمة كآلية لمكافحة الفساد في الإدارات العمومية : دراسة تحليلية لمؤشرات الحوكمة العالمية WGI إضاءة على الجزائر خلال الفترة الممتدة من 2010 إلى 2020.: The reality of governance as an anti-corruption mechanism in public administrations: an analytical study of global governance indicators WGI illuminated Algeria from 2010 to 2020.
No full textThis research paper aimed to highlight the reality of governance as a mechanism to combat corruption in public administrations, by addressing some concepts related to governance in the public sector, as well as its objectives and reviewing the most important principles of governance in this sector. Shedding light on the WGI indicators that the World Bank came up with and projecting them onto the state of Algeria. This study concluded a set of results, the most important of which are: that there is a correlation between international governance standards so that one cannot be applied without the rest of the other elements, in addition to the low level of Algeria in working with these indicators, as well as the low indicator of the quality of legislation and political stability at very high rates compared to other indicator
أخلاقيات الأعمال في شركة تويوتا للسيارات من خلال مدونة قواعد السلوك: Business Ethics at Toyota Motor Corporation Through the Code of Conduct
No full textThe study aimed to explore Toyota\u27s experience in the field of business ethics through the code of conduct developed by the company to control employee behaviour within work sites at the local and global levels. We have tried to address the most important components of the Code of Conduct, its objectives, and the most important stages of its development. The descriptive and analytical approaches were used to study the relationship between that code and the behaviour of individuals within the company.
The study concluded that Toyota\u27s experience, through the Code of Conduct, is very important in clarifying how to guide employees - at all levels of the management levels- to adhere to the company\u27s strategic directions, achieve its goals of sustainable development, and consolidate its relations with the local communities in which it operates, and building a global image and reputation for a benevolent socially responsible company that seeks to achieve economic and social well-being
أخلاقيات الشركات الدوائية: Pharmaceutical companies ethics
No full textPharmaceutical companies are among the most prominent business organizations -after oil companies- with their huge profits, which doubled fantastically after the Corona epidemic. It is expected that this increase in their profits will continue with the persistent risk of new epidemics. But the pursuit of abundant profit in the humanitarian field related to human health needs to respect the ethics of these companies\u27 exercise of their activities, in order to protect people from the possibility of falling as victims of unethical practices on the part of these organizations.
Based on the foregoing, the issue of the study lies in: To what extent do pharmaceutical companies respect the ethics of professional practice?
We will address this problem through the following three axes:
The first axis: Work Ethics of Pharmaceutical Research Units
The second axis:Ethics of workers in pharmaceutical companies
The third axis: Ethics of marketing pharmaceutical product
تأثير الضغوط المؤسساتية في جودة معلومات المحاسبة الحكومية - دراسة تجريبية على الجهات العامة ذات الطابع الإداري: The Impact of Institutional Pressures on the Quality of Government Accounting Information: An Empirical Study on Public Administrative Entities
No full text يهدف هذا البحث إلى اختبار تأثير الضغوط المؤسساتية (الضغط القسري، الضغط المعياري، ضغط التقليد) في جودة معلومات المحاسبة الحكومية. ويفترض البحث أن هذه الضغوط المؤسساتية تؤثر تأثيراً ايجابياً في جودة معلومات المحاسبة الحكومية. تم جمع البيانات عن طريق توزيع استبيان على 70 محاسب إدارة والعاملين في المجال المحاسبي ضمن شعبتي التدقيق والإنفاق في الجهات العامة ذات الطابع الإداري في محافظة طرطوس. تم تحليل البيانات باستخدام البرنامج الاحصائي SPSS 26. وقد أظهرت نتائج البحث أن الضغوط المؤسساتية (الضغط القسري، الضغط المعياري، ضغط التقليد) تؤثر بشكل ايجابي في جودة معلومات المحاسبة الحكومية، كما بيّنت النتائج أن الضغط القسري هو المتغير الأكثر تأثيراً في جودة هذه المعلومات. وقد تمت مناقشة هذه النتائج وتقديم التوصيات بناءً عليها.
This study aims to examine the impact of institutional pressures—including coercive, normative, and mimetic pressures—on the quality of governmental accounting information. The research assumes that these pressures have a positive influence on the quality of such information. To test this hypothesis, data was collected through a survey distributed to 70 administrative accountants and professionals working in auditing and expenditure divisions within public sector entities in Tartous. The collected data was systematically analyzed using SPSS 26. The findings indicate that institutional pressures positively affect the quality of governmental accounting information, with coercive pressure proving to be the most influential factor. Based on these results, discussions were conducted, and recommendations were formulated to further enhance the quality of governmental accounting practices.
Keywords: Institutional Pressure, Coercive Pressure, Normative Pressure, Mimetic Pressure
تحسين جدولة عمل الممرضات باستخدام البرمجة الخطية بأعداد صحيحة دراسة حالة بالمؤسسة العمومية الاستشفائية بتابلاط ولاية المدية: Nurse Scheduling Optimization Using Integer Linear Programming - A Case Study at Tabelat Public Hospital Institution, Medea Province
No full text تعد عملية تخصيص الممرضات للمهام في المراكز الصحية تحديا رئيسيا، لاسيما في ظل الاعتماد على الأساليب اليدوية التي تعاني من عيوب كثيرة فهي تتسم بارتفاع احتمال الخطأ وضياع الوقت والجهد والتكلفة المترتبة على سوء التوزيع مما يؤثر على كفاءة المركز وجودة الخدمات المقدمة للمرضى
تهدف هذه الورقة البحثية إلى محاولة إبراز دور البرمجة الخطية بأعداد صحيحة كأحد أهم أدوات بحوث العمليات والرياضيات التطبيقية التي يمكن لمسيري المؤسسات الصحية الاستعانة بها لغرض المساعدة على حل مشكلة جدولة عمل الممرضات وبالتالي الاستغلال الأمثل للموارد البشرية واتخاذ أفضل القرارات.
قمنا ببناء نموذج رياضي لحل مشكلة جدولة عمل الممرضات باستخدام البرمجة الخطية بأعداد صحيحة تم حل النموذج بواسطة البرنامج الجاهز Win Qsb، حيث ظهرت أهمية هذا الأسلوب الكمي من خلال الحصول على توزيع أمثل للممرضات يساهم في تحسين جودة الخدمة وتدنية التكاليف.
The process of allocating nurses to tasks in healthcare centers presents a significant challenge, especially when relying on manual methods. These methods suffer from numerous drawbacks, including a high probability of errors, wasted time and efforts, and costs associated with inefficient allocation, ultimately impacting the center\u27s efficiency and the quality of patient care.
This research paper aims to highlight the role of Integer Linear Programming as a crucial tool in operations research and applied mathematics. It specifically focuses on how healthcare administrators can use ILP to address the nurse scheduling problem, leading to optimal human resource allocation and better decision-making.
We constructed a mathematical model using ILP to solve the nurse scheduling problem. The model was solved using the Win QSB software. The results demonstrated the significance of this quantitative approach, as it achieved an optimal distribution of nurses, contributing to improved service quality and reduced costs.
Key words: integer linear programming, nurse scheduling, resource allocatio
Islamic Tourism : Concepts and Components : السياحة الإسلامية: المفاهيم والمكونات
No full textAbstract :
Islamic tourism is a new tourism destination in the world today. There are 54 Muslim countries in the world. Most of the countries situated in an important nerve point of the world. The purpose of this paper is to discuss aspects of Islamic tourism .The different suggested ideas, models and comprehension of the definition “Islamic” tourism are reflected in three major concepts: economic, cultural and religious-conservative concepts .This research is closed by the characteristic of Islamic tourism in different countries.
 
الامتيازات الجبائية كأسلوب لترقية قطاع السياحة في الجزائر : Tax concessions as a way to promote the tourism sector in Algeria
No full textAbstract:
This article aims to research ways to diversify the national economy by activating the tourism sector, and this is by creating fiscal mechanisms and incentives to encourage investment in this strategic and vital sector, especially with the availability of natural, material, and even financial capabilities through the various financing formulas established by the state.
The study found the possibility of transforming the Algerian economy from an economy that relies mainly on hydrocarbons to a diversified economy in its revenues, and the main bet for the development of the tourism sector remains the alternative fuel resource and what it represents for the country in the coming years.
ملخص:
تهدف هذه المداخلة إلى البحث في سبل تنويع الاقتصاد الوطني عن طريق تفعيل قطاع السياحة وهذا بإيجاد آليات وحوافز جبائية لتشجيع الاستثمار في هذا القطاع الاستراتيجي والحيوي ، خاصة مع توفر الإمكانيات الطبيعية والمادية ، وحتى المالية من خلال مختلف صيغ التمويل التي وضعتها الدولة .
وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى إمكانية تحويل الاقتصاد الجزائري من اقتصاد يعتمد بصفة أساسية على المحروقات ، إلى اقتصاد متنوع في إيراداته،ويبقى الرهان الأساسي لتطوير القطاع السياحي المورد البديل للمحروقات وما يمثله بالنسبة للبلاد في السنوات القادمة .
الكلمات المفتاحية: الحوافز الجبائية – السياحة – الاقتصاد الوطني – التنويع الإقتصاد
دور الفنادق في تنشيط السياحة- نظرة على مقومات السياحة والحظيرة الفندقية للجزائر- (2016-2017): The role of hotels in stimulating tourism - a look at the elements of tourism and the hotel enclave of Algeria - (2016-2017)
No full textAbstract:
Algeria did not pay much attention in the past to building hotel establishments and institutions and did not rely on a tight or planned policy with regard to tourism. Tourism specialists and researchers saw that the increase in the number of hotels increases the attractiveness of tourists due to the increase in the degree of competition between these hotels and the increase in the quality The services provided by it on behalf of the customer (the consumer) or the tourist and thus the increase in the demand for tourism.
If we make a comparison between Algeria and neighboring countries, for example, we find the difference clearly in terms of the number of hotels, which leads to a big difference in terms of attracting tourists. Hotels, facilities, accommodation facilities, and specialized services are essential ingredients in increasing the tourist offer.
الملخص:
إن الجزائر لم تولي اهتماما كبيرا في وقت مضى لبناء المنشات والمؤسسات الفندقية ولم تعتمد على سياسة محكمة أو مخطط لها فيما يخص السياحة فلقد رأى المتخصصين والباحثين في مجال السياحة أن زيادة عدد الفنادق يزيد من استقطاب السياح بفعل الزيادة في درجة المنافسة بين هذه الفنادق و زيادة جودة الخدمات المقدمة من طرفها لصالح الزبون ( المستهلك) أو السائح وبالتالي الزيادة في الطلب على السياحة.
فلو نعمل مقارنة بين الجزائر ودول الجوار مثلا نجد الفارق واضح من حيث عدد الفنادق الذي يؤدي إلى فارق كبير من حيث استقطاب السياح. فالفنادق و المرافق ومنشات الإيواء والخدمات المتخصصة من المقومات المساعدة في زيادة العرض السياحي .
الكلمات المفتاحية : السياحة , الفنادق , السياح ,الخدمات الفندقية
السياحة المسؤولة وتعزيز مبادئ التنمية المستدامة " دراسة حالة: مهرجان السياحة المسؤولة- بولونيا- إيطاليا": Responsible tourism and the promotion of sustainable development principles Case Study: Responsible Tourism Festival - Bologna - Italy
No full textAbstract:There has been many undesirable impacts on the components of the local environment of thetourist host communities as a result of the increase in tourism activity in these communities, thus,the need to adopt the model of responsible tourism, represented theoretically and practically inthe current study , has been recently increased. The theoretical part reviews the concepts andpillars on which this responsible tourism is based and the various professional aspects itprovides, in addition to presenting those advantages and benefits related to its applications. Thepractical part reviews the unique experience of the Festival of Responsible Tourism inBologna- Italy, which adopts and apply all the concepts and basics of the responsible tourismactivity. The study concludes that responsible tourism has succeeded in the application of theconcepts of Global Tourism Ethics, especially in achieving the mutual respect andunderstanding among people, the preservation of the cultural heritage and the consolidation ofthe foundations of sustainable development. This was clearly marked through the Festival ofResponsible Tourism in Italy