The University of Chlef Journals
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Preliminary Screening And Characterization Of Novel Proteolytic Enzymes Produced By Extremophilic Bacteria Isolated From Tunisian And Algerian Biotopes
No full textThe current paper reports on the production and characterization of extracellular thermostable proteases produced from thermophilic bacteria namely Aeribacillus pallidus VP3, Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis M1V, Virgibacillus natechei FarDT, and Melghiribacillus thermohalophilus Nari2AT strains isolated from different extremophlic biotopes in Tunisia and Algeria. The key challenge of the use of the different proteases in industrial applications is their efficiency under unconventional conditions. An optimization via one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) methodology has been used to obtain 3,000 U.mL-1; 4,600 U.mL-1; 15,800 U.mL-1; and 16,000 U.mL-1 of proteases activity from VP3, M1V, FarDT, and Nari2AT strains, respectively. Particularly, VP3 and FarDT proteases showed a high tolerance to several organic solvents. In addition, the protease produced from FarDT strain might be useful as potential candidate for application in detergency. The deproteinization of shrimp wastes by M1V and Nari2AT proteases was successful with a high rate of deproteinization of about 48% and 82%. The obtained proteolytic hydrolysate obtained by M1V strain showed high biological activities with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 71.52 μg.mL-1, 107.67 μg.mL-1, and 133.24 μg.mL-1, respectively for the angiotensin, tyrosinase, and amylase inhibitory activities
Techniques, Récentes, Utilisées Pour Le Contrôle De La Qualité Structurelle Des Viandes Et Des Produits Carnés (review).
No full textCet article donne un aperçu des techniques récentes, développées pour accéder à une information fidèle sur la structure de la viande et des produits carnés. L\u27industrie de la viande a besoin d\u27informations fiables sur la qualité de la viande tout au long du processus de production afin de garantir aux consommateurs des produits carnés de haute qualité. Des informations fiables sur la qualité de la viande (tendreté, saveur, jutosité, couleur) peuvent être fournies par différentes méthodes d\u27évaluation de la structure de la viande, soit par la force de cisaillement mécanique (Warner-Bratzler), optique (mesures de couleurs, fluorescence), mesures ultrasonores, ondes électromagnétiques, RMN, NIR, et ainsi de suite. Ces mesures sont souvent utilisées pour construire des images de structure de viande qui sont fusionnées puis traitées par analyse multi-image, ce qui nécessite des méthodes de traitement appropriées. Les caractéristiques de qualité liées aux propriétés mécaniques sont souvent mieux évaluées par des méthodes qui tiennent compte de l\u27anisotropie naturelle de la viande en raison de sa structure myofibrillaire relativement linéaire. Les méthodes biophysiques d\u27évaluation peuvent soit mesurer directement les propriétés des composants de la viande, soit les calculer indirectement en utilisant des corrélations évidentes entre une ou plusieurs mesures biophysiques et les propriétés des composants de la viande. Prendre ces calculs et modéliser les principales propriétés biophysiques pertinentes impliquées peut aider à améliorer notre compréhension des propriétés de la viande, des produits carnés et donc de la qualité
Détermination Et Caractérisation Des Sidérophores Synthétisés Par Quelques Souches De Pseudomonas Spp. Fluorescents Phytobénéfiques
No full textLes sidérophores sont des molécules de faible poids moléculaire avec une affinité élevée pour chélater le fer ferrique. Ils sont synthétisés et sécrétés par de nombreux micro-organismes en réponse à une carence en fer. Les différentes espèces de Pseudomonas qui colonisent la rhizosphère, ont développé une stratégie active pour l\u27apport en fer, cette stratégie est basée sur des sidérophores souvent appelés pyoverdine, qui montrent une forte affinité pour Fe3+ et les rendent particulièrement intéressants pour une utilisation comme agents de lutte biologique. La présente étude s’inscrit dans ce cadre, elle est consacrée à la détermination de la capacité de 5 souches autochtones de groupe fluorescent des Pseudomonas et une souche de référence CHA0 à produire des sidérophores. Les 5 souches testées ont été isolées de la rhizosphère de l’olivier cultivé dans la région de Bouira (localisée au nord algerien). Les tests d’évaluation de la production des sidérophhores ont été réalisés dans trois milieux de culture différents à savoir le succinate (SM), le King B et le milieu PD. Les résultats obtenus confirment que l’ensemble des souches testées ont la capacité de produire des sidérophores sur le milieu succinate (MS) avec des intensités de production variable d’une souche à une autre. L\u27influence de certains facteurs tels que l’assimilation du fer ajouté, sous forme de FeCl3 à différentes concentrations, le pH, et le type de sucre ajouté dans le milieu de culture sur la production des sidérophores a été également testées. Nous avons remarqué que l’absence de fer dans le milieu, à des pH neutre (7) en présence de fructose comme source de carbone assure les meilleurs taux de production. Plusieurs méthodes ont été utilisées pour la détection des sidérophores tels que les tests chimiques et biochimiques par l’électrophorèse SDS-PAGE. Ces méthodes d’identification appliquées ont permis de conclure que la plus part des sidérophores synthétisés par nos souches sont de type hydroxamate. D’autre part, l’infrarouge (IR) a été utilisée pour la détection du groupement fonctionnel des pigments responsables de la fluorescence (les chromophores) qui sont dans notre cas très riche en groupement OH, NH, cycles benzoïques, acide carboxylique COOH ce qui confirme la synthèse des sidérophores de type hydroxamates et plus précisément la classe des pyoverdines. L’évaluation qualitative de l’activité antifongique des sidérophores produits par les différentes espèces de Pseudomonas fluorescents à l’encontre de Verticilium dahlae a montré des taux d’inhibition qui varient de 25 à 48%
The impact of public expenditure and tax pressure on foreign direct investment in Algeria during the period 1997–2023
No full textهذه الدراسة تعمل على إظهار أثر الإنفاق العام والضغط الجبائي على الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر (FDI) في الجزائر خلال الفترة 1997–2023. وباستخدام نموذج الانحدار الذاتي للفجوات الزمنية الموزعة (ARDL)، تكشف التحاليل أن الإنفاق العام يُعزّز بشكل كبير تدفقات الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر على المدى الطويل، في حين يُظهر الضغط الجبائي تأثيراً سلبياً غير معنوي. وتُبرز النتائج أهمية تبني سياسة مالية فعالة في جذب رؤوس الأموال الأجنبية. كما تؤكد اختبارات الاستقرار أن معاملات النموذج مستقرة على مر الزمن. وتدعم هذه النتائج القبول الجزئي لفرضيات الدراسة، وتقدّم رؤى قيّمة لصنّاع القرار الراغبين في تحسين مناخ الاستثمار في الجزائر.This study explores the impact of Public expenditure and tax pressure on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Algeria over the period 1997–2023. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, the analysis reveals that public spending significantly enhances FDI inflows in the long run, while tax pressure shows an insignificant negative effect. The results highlight the importance of efficient fiscal policy in attracting foreign capital. Stability tests confirm that the model coefficients are stable over time. These findings support partial acceptance of the study’s hypotheses and offer valuable insights for policymakers aiming to improve Algeria’s investment climate
أهميةاستخدام تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي في الانتاج الزراعي: The importance of using artificial intelligence applications in agricultural production
No full textيواجه قطاع الانتاج الزراعي تحديات كبيرة أهمها العوامل البيئية غير المستقرة، و التي لا يمكن التحكم فيها كالاحتباس الحراري، الكوارث البيئية المختلفة و المشاكل المرتبطة بانخفاض المحاصيل الزراعية مقابل الطلب، وارتفاع أسعارها، و تزايد المخاوف المتعلقة بالأمن الغذائي،خاصة اذا ما استمر القطاع الزراعي في النشاط بنفس الأساليب التقليدية في الإنتاج الزراعي، حيث لم تعد قادرة على مواجهة هذه التحديات، مما دفع الى البحث الجاد عن مداخل جديدة و حلول بديلة تدفع عجلة النمو في الإنتاج الزراعي بطريقة تمكنها من التصدي لمختلف الضغوطات، لهذا جاءت هذه الورقة البحثية لتسلط الضوء على اهمية استخدامتطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي في الانتاج الزراعي، كحل جديد، حيث اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهجالاستنباطي، فبعد جمع البيانات من خلال القيام بمسح مكتبي وافتراضي للمساهمات العلمية في الموضوع توصلت الدراسة الى مجموعة من النتائج، أهمها: ان التقنيات الحديثة المدعومة بالذكاء الاصطناعي حافز مهم لدفع عجلة الابتكار لمجابهة التحديات التي تواجه القطاع الزراعي عموما،و تمكين الإنتاج الزراعي من تنويع المحاصيل الزراعية في أراضي محدودة المساحة، وموارد مائية شحيحة، فضلا عن تزويد سلاسل الامداد الغذائية بمحاصيل اكثر صحة وبأقل قدر ممكن من هدر الموارد، وكذا المكافحة الاستباقية لكثير من الآفات التي تؤرق المزارعين، خاصة مع التغيرات المناخية الغير قابلة للتوقع مثل الكوارث البيئية وكوارث الاحتباس الحراري...الخ.The agricultural production sector faces great challenges, the most important are unstable environmental factors that cannot be controlled, such as global warming and various environmental disasters, as well as problems associated with the decline in agricultural yields compared to demand, the rise in their prices, and the increasing concerns related to food security, especially ifThe agricultural sector continued to operate with the same traditional methods of agricultural production, as it was no longer able to face these challenges, which prompted a serious search for new approaches and alternative solutions that would drive growth in agricultural production in a way that would enable it to address various pressures. For That, this research paper came to highlight on the importance of using artificial intelligence applications in agricultural production, as a new solution, the study relied on the Deductive approach. After collecting data by conducting a hard and virtual survey of literature review, the study reached a set of results, the most important are: the modern technologies supported by artificial intelligence are an incentive It is important to advance the wheel of innovation to confront the challenges facing the agricultural sector in general, and to enable agricultural production to diversify agricultural crops on limited lands and scarce water resources, as well as to provide food supply chains with healthier crops with the least possible waste.
as well as the proactive control of many Pests that worry farmers, especially with unpredictable climate changes such as environmental disasters, global warming disasters... etc
أثر استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في الخدمات اللوجستية على التجارة الدولية: The impact of using artificial intelligence in logistics on international trade
No full textThis research paper aims to analyse the importance of integrating artificial intelligence into logistics services and its impact on foreign trade and the business sector in general, linked to import and export operations. To clarify the dual relationship between trade and modern logistics services, the research paper is divided into several main sections. The first section analyses the global logistics market and its main objectives. The second section addresses the most important factors that have contributed to the development of logistics services. The third section addresses the most important emerging trends in the field of logistics services, in terms of the digitization of logistics services, its objectives and impact on the foreign trade sector, and the challenges associated with integrating these modern services into the field of logistics services. The research paper concludes that modern technology has reshaped the logistics services industry and solved some of the most complex problems in the world of transportation. Since the emergence of logistics technology, business management has become easier and smoother, and less costly
The Implications of Economic Growth and Income Inequality on Poverty: An Analytical Study of the Libyan Economy
No full text This research examines whether the economic growth and income inequality cause or reduce poverty in Libya from 2000 to 2023. With the help of the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Model, the research estimates this dynamic relationship. The Theil Index measures income inequality, while individual consumption rates are used to reflect poverty levels. Economic growth is indicated by per capita real GDP.Both previous year poverty (POV-1) and previous year income inequality (INQ-1) have a positive impact on this year poverty (POV) according to the results. Interestingly, the elasticity of income inequality in affecting future poverty is quite high. A drop in income (or per capita GDP(GRW-1) in the previous year is correlated with an increase in poverty (POV). However, the inflation (INF-1) and political and security stability (Ps-1) statistically have no impact on poverty in Libya
The Statistical effect of Financial Inclusion on economic growth-Dynamic panel data analysis during the period (2010-2021)-
No full textThis research paper aims to statistically study the impact of financial inclusion on economic growth in selected developed and developing countries according to the data availability over the period (2010- 2021). By constructing a multidimensional financial inclusion index, using SARMA methodology for each country and applying the dynamic panel regression model based on the system GMM for the short and long run regression. The results shows that financial inclusion index negatively and significantly influence economic growth in the short run regression in developed countries and positively influence economic growth in the long run regression. While it has a positive, significant impact on economic growth in the short run in developing countries and negative in long run. The findings reveals that the impact of financial inclusion on economic growth vary from country to other due to the variation of social and economic factors
The modern agricultural technology as an imperative to achieve the food security and well-being in Algeria amid the global developments
No full textThe topic of this study raises the issue of achieving the food security. In this line, the last crises and the increase of the demand on food worldwide pushed many states, including Algeria, to adopt many agricultural developmental policies through supporting, encouraging, and reinforcing technology in the agricultural field as a fatal mechanism to achieve the food security Based on what was said, we used the descriptive analytical method and found out that the radical solution for a sustainable food security in Algeria is increasing and improving the productive capacity of the crops through the orientation towards the smart agriculture that depends mainly on the modern technological tools and the Artificial Intelligence systems
منهجية أشعة الانحدار الذاتي الهيكليةSVAR واختباراتToda Yamamoto للسببية - دراسة تطبيقية قياسية باستخدام برنامج Eviews 13على الآثار الاقتصادية للسياستين النقدية و المالية على البطالة في الجزائر-: Structural autoregressive vector (SVAR) methodology and Toda Yamamoto causality tests - An econometric study using the Eviews-13on the Economic Effects of Monetary and finanace Policies on Unemployment in Algeria-
No full textThis paper is concerned with estimating the SVAR model and using Toda Yamamoto causality tests using the EVIEWS-13 program. It was applied to Algeria by highlighting the economic effects of monetary and fiscal policies on unemployment rates for the period (1990-2022). The study concluded several results, the most important of which are: All study variables are integrated at the first degree. The results of the response function analysis showed that a shock to rediscount rates has an increasing positive impact on unemployment rates in the short and long term. A shock to both the size of the money supply and government spending has a negative impact on unemployment rates in the medium and long term. The results also showed through the variance decomposition functions and causality tests the relative effectiveness of monetary policy tools in reducing unemployment rates, which is the opposite of fiscal policy tools