Land and Architecture (Journal)
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Evaluating the impact of real-time NPK sensor integration on crop productivity insmart farming systems
No full textThis research examines the impact of integrating real-time NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) sensors within smart farming systems on crop productivity. A model-based approach was employed to design and implement a precision nutrient management system that combines sensor data acquisition, cloud analytics, and algorithm-driven decision-making for fertilizer application. The objective was to optimize nutrient delivery based on current soil conditions, crop type, and growth stage. Field experiments were conducted with wheat crops across two controlled plots: one managed using conventional methods and the other utilizing the proposed sensor-based system. The results emphasize that sensor-integrated precision farming significantly enhances input efficiency, minimizes environmental impact, and boosts economic returns. These findings support the broader adoption of NPK sensor technology in smart agriculture. Recommendations are made for integrating such systems into scalable agricultural models, particularly in regions experiencing high input costs or facing environmental sustainability challenges
Digital Photogrammetry and Geographic Information Systems: A Review
No full textPhotogrammetry is an essential technology for the analysis and measurement of objects in geospatial space using photographs. This method is divided into several categories: analog, analytical, aerial, terrestrial, and digital photogrammetry, each with specific applications in geography, architecture, and more. Digital photogrammetry has revolutionized the field by integrating specialized software to process images and generate accurate geospatial information. Its applications include the creation of topographic maps, point clouds, and 3D models used in cartography and agriculture. Likewise, the Structure from Motion (SfM) technique allows for the creation of high-resolution 3D models using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This approach has facilitated data collection at a lower cost and with greater accuracy, excelling in situations where access is difficult. Furthermore, the importance of geodesy, which studies the shape and dimensions of the Earth, has been emphasized as a fundamental pillar for understanding the geographic environment. On the other hand, cartography, which has evolved from paper representations to digital solutions, plays a crucial role in modern geoinformatics, providing tools for analysis and decision-making. Advances in drone technology and GIS software have enabled greater versatility in the collection and analysis of geospatial data, supporting diverse sectors, from urban planning to environmental conservation
Analysis and proposals for an inclusive classroom block
No full textIntroduction: The study addressed universal accessibility in the San Damian University Medium (MUSD) of CESMAG University, in order to identify architectural barriers affecting people with visual, hearing and reduced mobility disabilities. The research started from the need to guarantee inclusion in educational spaces, considering the Colombian regulation NTC 6304 and the principles of universal design.Methods: A qualitative and interpretative approach was adopted through an architectural analysis of the classroom block and its adjacent routes. The process included experimental tours simulating the experience of users with disabilities, as well as the collection of information through plans, regulations, photographic records and direct observations. The hermeneutic method allowed interpreting existing deficiencies and proposing improvement strategies.Results: The analysis revealed multiple accessibility deficiencies.Among them were the lack of tactile signs, incomplete or absent ramps, heavy doors and non-adapted furniture. In addition, it was found that the provisions projected in the plans had not been fully implemented. Although the lighting and some aspects partially complied with regulations, problems with acoustics, evacuation and Braille signage persisted. These limitations compromised user autonomy, safety and participation.Conclusions: The study demonstrated that partial enforcement of regulations limited full inclusion on campus. However, it showed that there are technical, multisensory and low-cost solutions that could be implemented gradually. It also highlighted the importance of consolidating a design culture oriented towards inclusive design, strengthening the training of professionals committed to equity and sustainability in educational architecture
Relationship between the quality of municipal management and progress of the urban environment
No full textMunicipal management and urban development are two interrelated aspects that shape the environment and the quality of life of the inhabitants in local communities. Based on this statement, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between municipal management and urban development in the district of Juliaca, 2024. The methodology used was quantitative, non-experimental and correlational. The instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.910, which was applied to a sample of 169 passers-by. The results were a correlation coefficient Rho=0.736 and a value of p=0.000 indicating a strong positive correlation between municipal management and urban development in the district of Juliaca, suggesting that as the quality of municipal management improves, urban development also improves significantly. It is concluded that good municipal management has a direct and considerable impact on the progress and quality of the urban environment
Reconstruction of the Municipal Palace of Acacías: A comprehensive engineering solution
No full textIntroduction: The article addressed the situation in Acacías following the riots of 2 May 2021, which caused serious damage to the Municipal Palace. Due to the partial destruction of the building and its limited space, the administrative offices were scattered throughout different areas of the municipality, making it difficult to provide services to citizens and for the institution to operate. Development: Faced with this problem, the municipal administration decided to relocate the Municipal Palace to a peripheral lot. However, this solution generated community discontent, as it increased the distance people had to travel to carry out procedures. Faced with this scenario, the project proposed redesigning the Palace in its original location, integrating all government offices in a single place. To this end, basic scientific principles and structural engineering principles such as statics, material resistance and current technical standards (NSR-10) were applied. In addition, modern technologies such as the portico system and BIM methodology were used to ensure safety, efficiency, and sustainability in the design. Conclusion: The proposal represented a comprehensive response to the social and technical problem, seeking to restore equitable access to administrative services, optimise municipal resources, and promote urban and commercial development in the centre of the municipality
Accessibility analysis: Travel times in high-density sectors in Pasto
No full textThe study analyzed the urban configuration of Pasto from the perspective of mixed land use, mobility and pedestrian accessibility. It was observed that city planning had developed spontaneously, without a clear coherence with the guidelines of the POT 2015-2027, which generated territorial fragmentation and inequality in access to services and facilities. Urban densification led to land uses being defined more by the practices of the inhabitants than by regulations, producing tensions between housing, commerce, services and infrastructure. It was also found that the road network consisted mostly of local and intermediate roads, which limited structural connectivity and the implementation of sustainable mobility. The methodology used, of an empirical-analytical nature, integrated GIS, CAD and cartographic database tools to calculate accessibility and mixed-use indices. Four study areas were identified with densities higher than 175.9 inhabitants/ha, where residential use largely predominated over the others. Despite this, imbalances were found in the distribution of commerce, facilities and public space, reflecting a low functional integration of the land. The results showed that Areas 1 and 3 presented better conditions of connectivity and proximity to services, thus approaching the 15-minute city model. However, the limited network of bicycle paths, unsafe crossings and the lack of continuity in the pedestrian infrastructure restricted equitable access. In conclusion, it was recommended to redistribute facilities, strengthen active mobility and design sectorized strategies that favor a more sustainable, equitable and connected urban development
Green areas as an element of urban configuration: relationship between their management and the quality of the environment
No full textEfficient management of green areas is essential to improve the quality of urban life; in the current context, these spaces contribute to the physical and mental health of the inhabitants, foster social cohesion, promote economic development, and help build more sustainable and resilient cities in the face of environmental challenges. Under this premise, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the management of green areas and the quality of urban life in the city of Juliaca, 2024; for this purpose, a non-experimental, correlational and cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 192 residents of the main parks and squares of the unit of analysis, to whom an instrument was applied, with a reliability of 0.808. The results were a correlation coefficient of Rho=0.617 and a value of p=0.000, which indicate the existence of a moderate to strong positive correlation between the management of green areas and the quality of urban life in the city of Juliaca. It is concluded that it is critically important to improve the management of these spaces as a key strategy to improve the overall well-being of the inhabitants; local authorities, architects, urban planners and the community must work together to develop and maintain green areas that contribute positively to a healthier, more inclusive and sustainable urban life
Keyword Searching and Digital Archives on Web: Challenges and Innovations in GLAM
No full textIntroduction; In the evolving digital landscape, keyword searching plays a pivotal role in facilitating access to information stored in cultural heritage archives. Objective; This paper explores the current challenges and recent innovations in keyword search technologies within the Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums (GLAM) sector, emphasizing web-based retrieval systems. With the growth of digital archives such as Europeana and the Digital Public Library of America (DPLA), institutions face complexities in semantic search, multilingual access, and metadata standardization. Method; We evaluate traditional keyword models like TF-IDF against advanced AI-based approaches such as BERT, focusing on their effectiveness in web contexts. Result; Through case studies and performance evaluations, we identify promising methodologies that improve semantic relevance and user accessibility. Conclusion; The findings reveal that BERT-based models significantly outperform legacy methods, particularly in multilingual and semantically ambiguous search environments. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations for implementing AI-driven keyword search frameworks in GLAM archives
Synergies between urban rehabilitation and sustainable architecture: a cross-sectional study applied to the city of southern Peru
No full textUrban rehabilitation and sustainable architecture are essential components for the development of cities that are not only functional and economically viable, but also equitable, safe and environmentally responsible. In this context, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship of urban rehabilitation and sustainable architecture in the city of Juliaca, 2024. The methodology was quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational. The instrument was a questionnaire, whose reliability index was 0.838, which was applied to a sample of 193 neighbors of the roads, parks and squares that are being rehabilitated in the unit of analysis. The results were a Pearson correlation coefficient r=0.727 and a value of p=0.000 which indicates a strong positive correlation between the variables studied, suggesting that as urban rehabilitation improves in Juliaca, so does sustainable architecture, and vice versa. It is concluded that implementing policies and projects that consider the variables together could lead to a more sustainable, resilient and equitable future for Juliaca, improving the quality of life of its inhabitants and preserving its urban environment for future generations
Passive Strategies In Rural Housing: Optimization of thermal comfort in cold humid climate, Vereda San Antonio - Ospina
No full textThe research focused on the application of bioclimatic strategies in rural housing in the village of San Antonio, in Ospina, Nariño. Bioclimatic architecture was defined as a design approach that integrated the climatic environment and natural resources to create comfortable and sustainable spaces. In this context, the study sought to respond to the challenges of the cold humid climate characteristic of the region, where low temperatures and high humidity had a negative impact on the habitability of the houses. To address this problem, a detailed analysis of variables such as temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, topography and vegetation was carried out. Data collection was carried out through IDEAM records and in situ measurements with specialized instruments, which allowed us to understand the climatic patterns and their impact on thermal comfort conditions. The results showed that the relative humidity reached high values, generating risks of condensation and deterioration of materials, while the minimum temperatures represented a challenge for the natural heating of the houses. Based on the Givoni diagram, passive strategies such as the Trombe wall, bioclimatic greenhouses, bioclimatic windows and wood fiber insulation were selected to optimize the capture and conservation of solar energy. These strategies were evaluated through simulations and construction analysis, which demonstrated their effectiveness in improving thermal comfort and energy efficiency. In conclusion, the research validated that the implementation of these passive solutions made it possible to adapt rural dwellings to their climatic context, guaranteeing wellbeing for the inhabitants and reducing dependence on active air conditioning systems