Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
Not a member yet
932 research outputs found
Sort by
Homo figurativus versus homo politicus – rozważania na temat kryzysu polityczności
Get PDFThe paper refers to two apparently unrelated situations, that of a political crisis and a crisis of politicality. The author attempts to provide evidence for the fact that the etiology of these crisis situations is related to the democratic paradigm being exhausted. The combination of the instrumental and teleological activity of the actors is decisive for the content of mobilization, which is one of the fundamental reasons for both political crises and the crisis of politicality.The paper refers to two apparently unrelated situations, that of a political crisis and a crisis of politicality. The author attempts to provide evidence for the fact that the etiology of these crisis situations is related to the democratic paradigm being exhausted. The combination of the instrumental and teleological activity of the actors is decisive for the content of mobilization, which is one of the fundamental reasons for both political crises and the crisis of politicality
Mechanizmy i metody politycznej walki niezbrojnej na straconych pozycjach – alternatywa prakseologiczna
Get PDFIt does not always suffice to learn about natural law, the principles of social order, human behavior and an efficient course of action to make it through, to reach one’s objective, or change the reality. Being on a hiding to nothing, human beings sometimes change their line of thinking, and primarily that of hope. They discover the new realms of unarmed struggle, a certain kind of a praxiological alternative. If order lets them down, they can always turn to chaos (as understood by the humanities) to observe that certain laws govern accidents. Chaos presents us with a somewhat different variety of efficiency, yet we are able to determine particular methods of behavior even under such circumstances. Efficiency directives derived both from the assumption of order and that of chaos are applicable on a global scale, therefore, they are considered universal in the social world. It seems interesting to identify the mechanisms and methods of acting in an unarmed struggle, particularly those not derived from order. Such knowledge may even become valuable.It does not always suffice to learn about natural law, the principles of social order, human behavior and an efficient course of action to make it through, to reach one’s objective, or change the reality. Being on a hiding to nothing, human beings sometimes change their line of thinking, and primarily that of hope. They discover the new realms of unarmed struggle, a certain kind of a praxiological alternative. If order lets them down, they can always turn to chaos (as understood by the humanities) to observe that certain laws govern accidents. Chaos presents us with a somewhat different variety of efficiency, yet we are able to determine particular methods of behavior even under such circumstances. Efficiency directives derived both from the assumption of order and that of chaos are applicable on a global scale, therefore, they are considered universal in the social world. It seems interesting to identify the mechanisms and methods of acting in an unarmed struggle, particularly those not derived from order. Such knowledge may even become valuable
Umowa społeczna i jej krytycy w myśli politycznej i prawnej, red. Zbigniew Rau, Maciej Chmieliński, Warszawa 2010, ss. 441.
Get PDFWhose language? Exploring the attitudes of Bulgaria’s media elite toward Macedonia’s linguistic self-identification
Get PDFWiele narodów ma swoje obsesje, mity i długofalowe ambicje. Marzenie Bułgarii nazywa sie Macedonia. Jest ono na tyle silne, Że w ciągu XIX i XX w. wciagneło Bułgarię w kilka konfliktów zbrojnych. Bułgaria od dawna uważa Macedonie za należącą do jej ziem, języka i ludności, ale niewiele zwojowała w otwartych starciach. Nigdy w pełni nie zrealizowała swoich roszczeń do ziem Macedonii. Z kolei język, ludność i tożsamość Macedonii nigdy nie zostały ostatecznie uznane za bułgarskie. Bułgarski rząd ustanowił stosunkowo łatwą metodę umożliwiającą Macedończykom „odzyskanie” ich bułgarskiej tożsamości, obejmującą stypendia dla studentów chcących studiować w Bułgarii i nadawanie obywatelstwa bułgarskiego w oparciu jedynie o „oświadczenie o pochodzeniu”. Pod naciskiem Unii Europejskiej procedury paszportowe nieco zaostrzono wymagając większej liczby dokumentów pozwalających zweryfikować tożsamość bułgarską, niemniej osiągniecie „mobilności przekraczania granicy” kosztem zmiany tożsamości narodowej jest nadal łatwe. Poważną kwestią jest czy bułgarskie media mogą zostać zamieszane w te kwestie w przypadku gdyby taka „zmiana tożsamości” została zainicjowana przez przyszły rząd bułgarski?Wiele narodów ma swoje obsesje, mity i długofalowe ambicje. Marzenie Bułgarii nazywa sie Macedonia. Jest ono na tyle silne, Że w ciągu XIX i XX w. wciagneło Bułgarię w kilka konfliktów zbrojnych. Bułgaria od dawna uważa Macedonie za należącą do jej ziem, języka i ludności, ale niewiele zwojowała w otwartych starciach. Nigdy w pełni nie zrealizowała swoich roszczeń do ziem Macedonii. Z kolei język, ludność i tożsamość Macedonii nigdy nie zostały ostatecznie uznane za bułgarskie. Bułgarski rząd ustanowił stosunkowo łatwą metodę umożliwiającą Macedończykom „odzyskanie” ich bułgarskiej tożsamości, obejmującą stypendia dla studentów chcących studiować w Bułgarii i nadawanie obywatelstwa bułgarskiego w oparciu jedynie o „oświadczenie o pochodzeniu”. Pod naciskiem Unii Europejskiej procedury paszportowe nieco zaostrzono wymagając większej liczby dokumentów pozwalających zweryfikować tożsamość bułgarską, niemniej osiągniecie „mobilności przekraczania granicy” kosztem zmiany tożsamości narodowej jest nadal łatwe. Poważną kwestią jest czy bułgarskie media mogą zostać zamieszane w te kwestie w przypadku gdyby taka „zmiana tożsamości” została zainicjowana przez przyszły rząd bułgarski
Wybrane problemy z właściwą wykładnią umów prawa autorskiego
No full textRecently, the increasing importance and the legal, as well as business and social, significance of copyright agreements has been noted in legal dealings. Given the growing range of such agreements one should not be surprised about the increasing problem of their correct interpretation. This paper attempts to present only some of the significant problems encountered in the process of the correct interpretation of such declarations of intent made by legal entities. In the light of practical experience it appears that the issues that are discussed in the paper should be considered with particular attention. The problems that usually arise are the consequence of negligence of the parties to such agreements. It should also be admitted, however, that another reason for problems may be rapid technical progress that legislation cannot always keep up with. Therefore, it has been necessary to review the most important opinions expressed in the doctrine and judicial decisions in this respect.Recently, the increasing importance and the legal, as well as business and social, significance of copyright agreements has been noted in legal dealings. Given the growing range of such agreements one should not be surprised about the increasing problem of their correct interpretation. This paper attempts to present only some of the significant problems encountered in the process of the correct interpretation of such declarations of intent made by legal entities. In the light of practical experience it appears that the issues that are discussed in the paper should be considered with particular attention. The problems that usually arise are the consequence of negligence of the parties to such agreements. It should also be admitted, however, that another reason for problems may be rapid technical progress that legislation cannot always keep up with. Therefore, it has been necessary to review the most important opinions expressed in the doctrine and judicial decisions in this respect
Kondycja prasy lokalnej 18 lat po powstaniu gazety „ABC” w Lesznie
Get PDFAccording to macroeconomic principles, the Polish local press should no longer exist at the time of globalization and capital concentration, and yet it is coping somehow. Is it actually true though that it remains independent, in defiance of global trends? Or maybe it is simply becoming a local variety of an increasingly uniform, ‘globalized’ product? It is best to look for the answers to these and similar questions with the example of one, real newspaper. The ABC newspaper is published by the Przedsiębiorstwo Usług Handlowo-Produkcyjnych i Wdrożeń Polrex Spółka z o.o., established on October 24, 1990, with its Head Office at 15 OEl1ska St. in Poznan. The partnership managed by editor Szczepan Lawniczak was established in order to register a Leszno newspaper ABC – Dziennik Informacyjny with its Head Office at 68 Lipowa St. in Leszno. After only four months, on February 25, 1991, a significant change in the newspaper’s registration was introduced. A company, Przedsiębiorstwo Przemysłu Fermentacyjnego Akwawit in Leszno, submitted a motion for a change on behalf of a limited liability company which it had established, Leszczynska Oficyna Wydawnicza, with its Head Office at 63 S3owianska St. in Leszno. Since then, this very company has become an official publisher of the ABC – Dziennik Informacyjny. An employee company, Leszczyńska Oficyna Wydawnicza, has been the only publisher of the ABC newspaper so far.According to macroeconomic principles, the Polish local press should no longer exist at the time of globalization and capital concentration, and yet it is coping somehow. Is it actually true though that it remains independent, in defiance of global trends? Or maybe it is simply becoming a local variety of an increasingly uniform, ‘globalized’ product? It is best to look for the answers to these and similar questions with the example of one, real newspaper. The ABC newspaper is published by the Przedsiębiorstwo Usług Handlowo-Produkcyjnych i Wdrożeń Polrex Spółka z o.o., established on October 24, 1990, with its Head Office at 15 OEl1ska St. in Poznan. The partnership managed by editor Szczepan Lawniczak was established in order to register a Leszno newspaper ABC – Dziennik Informacyjny with its Head Office at 68 Lipowa St. in Leszno. After only four months, on February 25, 1991, a significant change in the newspaper’s registration was introduced. A company, Przedsiębiorstwo Przemysłu Fermentacyjnego Akwawit in Leszno, submitted a motion for a change on behalf of a limited liability company which it had established, Leszczynska Oficyna Wydawnicza, with its Head Office at 63 S3owianska St. in Leszno. Since then, this very company has become an official publisher of the ABC – Dziennik Informacyjny. An employee company, Leszczyńska Oficyna Wydawnicza, has been the only publisher of the ABC newspaper so far
Zgromadzenie Bałtyckie – instytucja trójstronnej współpracy parlamentarnej państw bałtyckich
Get PDFMatters related to the most recent history of the Baltic Assembly’s emergence is multidimensional and enormous. Therefore, this reporting and analytical study is synthetic. The analysis of the activities of the Baltic Assembly reflects trilateral political communication between Baltic states from 1991 to 2009. The integration process of Baltic states with the European Union to a large extent depended on this concerted cooperation of the Baltic states’ representatives within the Baltic Assembly. The presented information shows, however, that the political, economic, cultural and historical views of Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian politicians were extremely different on more than one occasion, and their respective priorities of domestic and foreign policies were sometimes radically different. Not every resolution passed during the session of the Baltic Assembly was actually implemented. Most have been partially realized while others have failed to be realized at all. The inability to form a practically operating Customs Association was a painful issue in the trilateral cooperation of Baltic states. Complete economic freedom between the partners has never actually come to existence either. In the author’s opinion, the geopolitical position of Small Baltic States imposes certain conditions, and the fundamental condition to be noticed on the global international arena is group solidarity, which is the basic statutory aim of the Baltic Assembly.Matters related to the most recent history of the Baltic Assembly’s emergence is multidimensional and enormous. Therefore, this reporting and analytical study is synthetic. The analysis of the activities of the Baltic Assembly reflects trilateral political communication between Baltic states from 1991 to 2009. The integration process of Baltic states with the European Union to a large extent depended on this concerted cooperation of the Baltic states’ representatives within the Baltic Assembly. The presented information shows, however, that the political, economic, cultural and historical views of Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian politicians were extremely different on more than one occasion, and their respective priorities of domestic and foreign policies were sometimes radically different. Not every resolution passed during the session of the Baltic Assembly was actually implemented. Most have been partially realized while others have failed to be realized at all. The inability to form a practically operating Customs Association was a painful issue in the trilateral cooperation of Baltic states. Complete economic freedom between the partners has never actually come to existence either. In the author’s opinion, the geopolitical position of Small Baltic States imposes certain conditions, and the fundamental condition to be noticed on the global international arena is group solidarity, which is the basic statutory aim of the Baltic Assembly
Arkadiusz Modrzejewski, Uniwersalistyczna wizja ładu światowego w personalistycznej optyce Karola Wojtyły – Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk 2009, ss. 221.
Get PDFabstraktabstrak
Samorząd gospodarczy w koncepcji społecznej gospodarki rynkowej w RFN w latach 1949–1963
Get PDFAfter WWII the Federal Republic of Germany needed to choose an economic system for itself which resulted in having to identify a third way – one between liberalism and collectivism. The Ordoliberal concept of social market economics was the best response to the spirit of transformations that occurred in West Germany after 1949. Minister of Economics and former Vice Chancellor, Ludvig Erhard performed market reforms following the spirit of Ordoliberalism over the period of 1949-1963. The purpose of this paper is to make Polish readers acquainted with the model of a social market economy, i.e. a market economy including social responsibility, implemented by the units of economic self-government – chambers of commerce and industry, chambers of agriculture and of crafts.After WWII the Federal Republic of Germany needed to choose an economic system for itself which resulted in having to identify a third way – one between liberalism and collectivism. The Ordoliberal concept of social market economics was the best response to the spirit of transformations that occurred in West Germany after 1949. Minister of Economics and former Vice Chancellor, Ludvig Erhard performed market reforms following the spirit of Ordoliberalism over the period of 1949-1963. The purpose of this paper is to make Polish readers acquainted with the model of a social market economy, i.e. a market economy including social responsibility, implemented by the units of economic self-government – chambers of commerce and industry, chambers of agriculture and of crafts
Obywatelstwo watykańskie a zasada ius sanguinis i ius soli
Get PDFIn 2009 we passed the eightieth anniversary of Peter Cardinal Gasparri signing an agreement with the Italian Government, represented by Prime Minister Benito Mussolini. The documents signed by the parties led to the establishment of the smallest state in the world – the Vatican City. The Lateran Treaty led to the exclusion of 44 hectares from Italian territory and their transfer to the jurisdiction of the Pope. This led to a situation when it was necessary to determine the status of the persons on the territory of the newly established state. Thus, a formula emerged of a residence permit and citizenship of the Vatican. Of course, it was necessary to define the categories of people using both formulas. The intention of the author of this article was to indicate that the acquisition of citizenship of the Vatican cannot be classified in any of the traditional categories of ius sanguinis and ius soli. It is a specific form of citizenship, which could be called functional citizenship. The persons eligible for citizenship of the Vatican fall into several categories, with particular emphasis on those serving in the Papal Swiss Guard. The subject of the article are the rights and obligations of citizens of the Vatican and Vatican documents (identity card or passport).In 2009 we passed the eightieth anniversary of Peter Cardinal Gasparri signing an agreement with the Italian Government, represented by Prime Minister Benito Mussolini. The documents signed by the parties led to the establishment of the smallest state in the world – the Vatican City. The Lateran Treaty led to the exclusion of 44 hectares from Italian territory and their transfer to the jurisdiction of the Pope. This led to a situation when it was necessary to determine the status of the persons on the territory of the newly established state. Thus, a formula emerged of a residence permit and citizenship of the Vatican. Of course, it was necessary to define the categories of people using both formulas. The intention of the author of this article was to indicate that the acquisition of citizenship of the Vatican cannot be classified in any of the traditional categories of ius sanguinis and ius soli. It is a specific form of citizenship, which could be called functional citizenship. The persons eligible for citizenship of the Vatican fall into several categories, with particular emphasis on those serving in the Papal Swiss Guard. The subject of the article are the rights and obligations of citizens of the Vatican and Vatican documents (identity card or passport)